DR Class 01.5

The DR Class 01.5 was the designation given by the Deutsche Reichsbahn in East Germany to express train locomotives that were 'reconstructed' from those of the pre-war DRG Class 01.

DR Class 01.5
Number(s)Originally: 01 501 – 01 535
from 1970:
Oil-fired: 01 0501 – 01 0535
Coal-fired: 01 1506 – 01 1519
Year(s) of manufacture1962–1965
Retired1991
Wheel arrangement4-6-2
Axle arrangement2′C1′ h2
TypeS 36.20
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Length over buffers24,350 mm (79 ft 10 3⁄4 in)
Height4,500 mm (14 ft 9 3⁄16 in)
Width3,100 mm (10 ft 2 1⁄16 in)
Wheelbase4,600 mm (15 ft 1 in)
Overall wheelbase12,400 mm (40 ft 8 1⁄4 in)
Wheelbase incl. tender20,320 mm (66 ft 8 in)
Empty weight98.9 tonnes (97.3 long tons; 109.0 short tons)
Service weight110.0 tonnes (108.3 long tons; 121.3 short tons)
Service weight incl. tender
  • Coal-fired: 183.48 tonnes (180.58 long tons; 202.25 short tons)
  • Oil-fired: 189.93 tonnes (186.93 long tons; 209.36 short tons)
Adhesive weight60.4 tonnes (59.4 long tons; 66.6 short tons)
Axle load20.1 tonnes (19.8 long tons; 22.2 short tons)
Top speed
  • forwards: 130 km/h (81 mph)
  • backwards: 50 km/h (31 mph)
Indicated Power1,839 kW (2,500 PS; 2,466 hp)
Coupled wheel diameter2,000 mm (6 ft 6 3⁄4 in)
Leading wheel diameter1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in)
Trailing wheel diameter1,250 mm (4 ft 1 1⁄4 in)
Valve gearWalschaerts (Heusinger)
No. of cylindersTwo, outside
Cylinder bore600 mm (23 5⁄8 in)
Piston stroke660 mm (26 in)
Boiler Overpressure16 bar (1.60 MPa; 232 psi)
No. of heating tubes125
Heating tube length5,500 mm (18 ft 1⁄2 in)
Grate area4.87 m2 (52.4 sq ft)
Radiative heating area23.5 m2 (253 sq ft)
Tube heating area301.0 m2 (3,240 sq ft)
Superheater area97.5 m2 (1,049 sq ft)
Evaporative heating area224.5 m2 (2,416 sq ft)
Tender2′2′ T34
Water capacity34 m3 (1,200 cu ft) or 34,000 litres (7,500 imp gal; 9,000 US gal)
Fuel
  • Coal: 10 tonnes (9.8 long tons; 11 short tons) or
  • Fuel oil: 13.5 m3 (480 cu ft) or 13,500 litres (3,000 imp gal; 3,600 US gal)
Train heatingSteam

History
01 0528-8 about to enter Honebach tunnel (near Bebra station and the DDR, Easter 1972

In 1962 the repair shop (Reichsbahnausbesserungswerk) of RAW Meiningen rebuilt 35 Class 01 engines. At that time the locomotives were still vital for heavy passenger train duties, but the locomotive frame and boiler were so worn that it was essential to replace them. Like the DB rebuilds in West Germany after the Second World War, only those locomotives with more powerful brakes (i.e. those from no. 01 102 onwards) and 1000 mm carrying wheels were converted.

The rebuild did not just involve the installation of a new boiler; the entire locomotive underwent modification. The most obvious external change was the steam space cover running the length of the boiler barrel and copied from the ČSD Class 477.0, which lent the locomotives a sleek, modern appearance. The large smoke deflectors too were replaced by smaller ones with the upper front corners clipped off at an angle.

The new boiler made the so-called Reko-01 (Reko is short for Rekolokomotive) into the most powerful German express train steam locomotive. In addition to a combustion chamber and the well-known IfS mixer-preheater, the 01.5's boiler was fitted with three full bore boiler safety valves (Ackermann valves, nominal width 60). The engines were given Trofimoff valves and, apart from 01 501 and 01 520, new welded cylinders. The new boiler came with a new, welded driver's cab with upholstered seats, side-pull regulator and other improvements to the working conditions of the locomotive crew, as well as an Indusi system. The latter was required for the border-crossing traffic to Bebra and Hamburg-Altona and services on the Dresden-Berlin line. Because the coupled wheelsets on many engines had to be replaced due to fractured spokes, eight examples were fitted with Boxpok wheels made of cast iron, like those already used in the Soviet Union and the United States. These did not prove themselves, however, due to manufacturing defects and were later swapped out for spoked wheels from retired 01s. In order to hide the ugly wheelsets, the Boxpok locomotives and several other vehicles were fitted with full skirts.

01 0507-1 with Boxpok wheels, 1972

From locomotive number 01 519, all the locomotives were given oil-firing systems when rebuilt, which enabled a further increase in performance. Apart from the seven engines at Berlin Ostbahnhof locomotive depot, all the other engines were later converted to primary oil-firing. The tenders could carry 13.5 tonnes of heavy fuel oil. During the course of the oil crisis in the early 1980s all the oil-fired locomotives were withdrawn. All of the locomotives were originally meant to remain in service for two maintenance periods (each of 6 years), however every locomotive exceeded this. After they were withdrawn from active duty, several engines were used as heating locomotives. Number 01 519 was refurbished in 1990-91 from being a heating engine, and was made fully operational by the DR. It was not taken out of service until 1991.

Accident

Number 01 516, at the time already sporting its computer number 01 1516-2, achieved regrettable notoriety, when on 7 November 1977 its boiler exploded at Bitterfeld station due to a lack of water, killing not only the crew of 2, but another 7 bystanders, and injuring more than 50 people. This was the last boiler explosion in Germany. Such a mishap had been seen at the time as inconceivable because the technical condition of the boilers was checked thoroughly and it was believed that appropriately trained crews - not least for their own interests - would follow the proper safety procedures.

On a similar journey with experienced staff in spring 1978 an attempt was made to investigate the circumstances of the accident. The DR's investigation report, which was not made public, showed that the regular engine driver was being retrained as an electric locomotive driver and had been replaced by an engine driver who was more actively involved in everything. Because the stoker formed a close-knit team with his regular driver and was not used to this situation, a lack of communication led to a shortage of water on the approach to Bitterfeld station.

The accident had no knock-on effect on the employment of steam locomotives in the GDR.

Preserved locomotives

Five DR Class 01.5 steam locomotives have been preserved (as at 08/2008):

ÖGEG 01.533

Fleet list

See also

Literature
  • Weisbrod, Manfred; Petznick, Wolfgang (1979). Baureihe 01 (in German). Berlin: transpress Verlag.
  • Großes Lok-Portrait 01.5 – EK-Themen 19 (in German). Freiburg: EK-Verlag. 1995.
  • Lucas, Volker; Schnabel, Heinz (2002). Die Baureihe 01.5. Die legendäre Reko-01 der Deutschen Reichsbahn (in German). Freiburg: EK-Verlag. ISBN 3-88255-113-5.
  • Endisch, Dirk (2001). Baureihe 01.5 (in German) (1st ed.). Stuttgart: transpress. ISBN 3-613-71167-2.
  • Weisbrod, Manfred; Rittig, Franz (2002). Reko-Lokomotiven – Eisenbahn-Journal Spezial (in German). Fürstenfeldbruck: Verlagsgruppe Bahn. ISBN 3-89610-092-0.
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