Danish Runic Inscription 380

The Nylarsker stone 2, Ny Larsker stone I or DR 380 is a Viking Age runestone engraved in Old Norse with the Younger Futhark runic alphabet on Bornholm. The runestone was discovered in 1643 and first mentioned in Ole Worm's Monumenta Danica.[1] It was to be found outside the entrance of Nylars Church until 1855.[1] It is securely dated to the period 1075–1125, and belongs to a group of Bornholm runestones that were made during the transition from the Viking Age to the Nordic Middle Ages.[1] It made in sandstone and it is 186 cm tall, 146,5 cm wide and 17 cm thick,[1] and the style of the runestone is the runestone style RAK.[2]

DR 380

The inscription is partly made in the Old Norse fornyrðislag meter (cf. Nielsen 1983:224-25) and consists of a traveller's or a soul formula.[1] It possible that "Sveinn of the hooded cloak" was a descendant of the Jomsviking Sigurd of the hooded cloak who is said to have settled on Bornholm after the battle of Hjørungavåg ca. 986.[1]

The language shows lingustic changes in "raisti" where there is a transition from sþ to st. The old ʀ-phoneme has merged with the r-phoneme as in "a(f)tir".[1] The form "kobu" probably reflects a late u umlaut, and the form Mikial (Michael) has palatalization with parallels in West Norse and in Old Swedish (Brøndum Nielsen GG § 247).[1] The ansuz rune is of a special form.[1]

Inscription

Transliteration of the runes into Latin characters

' kobu:suain : raisti : stain : þ(e)na : a(f)tir : bausa : sun : sin : tr(i)... ...n : þan : is : tribin : ua(r)þ : i : (u)(r)ostu : at : ut:la(n)(k)iu : kuþ : tr(u)tin : hi(a)lbi : hans : ont : auk : sata : mikial :[2]

Old Norse transcription:

Kopu-(?)Swen resþi sten þænna æftiʀ Bøsa, sun sin, dræ[ng] [goþa]n, þan æs dræpin warþ i orrostu at Utlængiu. Guþ drottin hialpi hans ond ok santa Mihael.[2]

English translation:

"Sveinn (of the hooded cloak? son of Kápa?) raised this stone in memory of Bausi, his son, a good valiant man, who was killed in battle at Útlengia. May Lord God and Saint Michael help his spirit. "[2]

References
  1. Danske Runeindskrifter, Nationalmuseet, accessed December 31, 2020.
  2. Scandinavian Runic-text Database - Rundata.
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