Delairea

Delairea is a plant genus within the family Asteraceae that is native to South Africa. It is classified within the tribe Senecioneae. It contains only one species, Delairea odorata, which was previously included in the genus Senecio as Senecio mikanioides,[4] and is known as Cape ivy in some parts of the world and German ivy[5] in others.

Delairea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Asterids
Order:
Asterales
Family:
Asteraceae
Tribe:
Senecioneae
Genus:
Delairea

Species:
D. odorata
Binomial name
Delairea odorata[2]
Synonyms[3]
  • Delairea scandens Lem.
  • Senecio mikanioides Otto ex Walp.
  • Senecio scandens Juss. ex DC.

Description

Delairea odorata has 2 to 4 -inch multi-lobed leaves that somewhat resemble those of the unrelated English ivy. Its flowers are yellow. It is a vine that climbs up trees and will reach heights of five metres in suitable climates. Given time it will smother trees.

Appearance

The name Cape ivy is also used ambiguously for Senecio angulatus, a different but related creeper. Both 'angulatus' and 'scandens' have incorrectly been listed as synonyms over history, and these species have been confused regularly despite the visual differences. Senecio tamoides is another similar looking plant in the same tribe, which is often mistaken for the two aforementioned species. A feature that distinguishes it from Senecio angulatus are the small appendages at the base of the stalks of the leaves that are shaped like an ear. Furthermore, 'angulatus' has glossier and more rounder leaves.

Ecological impact and control methods
D. odorata in Hawaii

Delairea odorata has become an invasive species in California, Hawaii, Oregon, New Zealand and Australia. The plant will cover shrubs and trees, inhibiting growth and will also cover ground intensively over a wide area, thereby preventing seeds from germinating or growing. It is also toxic to animals who eat it and to fish where it trails into waterways.[6]

The creeper can be controlled or eliminated by a combination of physical and chemical methods. Unless the root system is removed or poisoned the plant will regrow. Young plants can be pulled out with their roots but older plants will break off leaving the roots in place. Despite its invasive nature, the plant is grown as an ornamental houseplant for its foliage.

In Hawaii an introduced species of moth (Galtara extensa) for the biological control of Senecio madagascariensis proved to feed also on Delairea odorata.[7]

References
  1. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). "PLANTS Profile, Delairea Lem". The PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
  2. Integrated Taxonomic Information System Organization (ITIS) (1999). "Delairea Lem". Integrated Taxonomic Information System on-line database. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
  3. The Plant List, Delairea odorata Lem.
  4. Eda, Sayaka (1999). "The Biogeography of Cape Ivy (Delairea odorata)". Archived from the original on 2007-05-13. Retrieved 2007-05-20.
  5. "BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-01-25. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  6. Delairea odorata (=Senecio mikaniodes)(Cape Ivy, German Ivy) (27.Jun.2015)
  7. North Hawaii News: Miracle moth from Madagascar Archived 2014-10-11 at the Wayback Machine (7.Oct.2014)

Bibliography
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