Detarioideae

The subfamily Detarioideae is one of the subdivisions of the plant family Fabaceae (legumes). This subfamily includes many tropical trees, some of which are used for timber or have ecological importance. The subfamily consists of 84 genera, most of which are native to Africa and Asia. Pride of Burma (Amherstia nobilis) and tamarind (Tamarindus indica) are two of the most notable species in Detarioideae. It has the following clade-based definition:

The most inclusive crown clade containing Goniorrhachis marginata Taub. and Aphanocalyx cynometroides Oliv., but not Cercis canadensis L., Duparquetia orchidacea Baill., or Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J. H. Kirkbr. & Wiersema.[1]

Detarioideae
Brownea grandiceps Lemaire 1850
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Detarioideae Burmeist. 1837[1]
Type genus
Detarium Juss.
Tribes
Schotieae Estrella, L.P.Queiroz & Bruneau Barnebydendreae Estrella, L.P.Queiroz & Bruneau Detarieae DC. Saraceae Estrella, L.P.Queiroz & Bruneau Afzelieae Estrella, L.P.Queiroz & Bruneau Amherstieae Benth.
Synonyms
Detariaceae J. Hess Tamarindaceae Martinov

Tamarindus indica flower.

Taxonomy

Detarioideae comprises the following tribes and genera:[1][2]

Schotieae

• Schotia Jacq.

Barnebydendreae

• Barnebydendron J.H.Kirkbr.
• Goniorrachis Taub.

Detarieae

• Augouardia Pellegr.
• Baikiaea Benth.
• Brandzeia Baill.
• Colophospermum J. Kirk ex J. Léonard
• Copaifera L.
• Daniellia Benn.
• Detarium Juss.
• Eperua Aubl.
• Eurypetalum Harms
• Gilletiodendron Vermoesen
• Guibourtia Benn.
• Hardwickia Roxb.
• Hylodendron Taub.
• Hymenaea L.
• Neoapaloxylon Rauschert
• Peltogyne Vogel
• Prioria Griseb.
• Sindora Miq.
• Sindoropsis J. Léonard
• Stemonocoleus Harms
• Tessmannia Harms

Saraceae

• Endertia Steenis & de Wit
• Leucostegane Prain
• Lysidice Hance
• Saraca L.

Afzelieae

• Afzelia Sm.
• Brodriguesia R.S. Cowan
• Intsia Thouars

Amherstieae

• Amherstia Wall.
• Annea Mackinder & Wieringa[3]
• Anthonotha P. Beauv.
• Aphanocalyx Oliver
• Berlinia Sol. ex Hook. f.
• Bikinia Wieringa
• Brachycylix (Harms) R.S. Cowan
• Brachystegia Benth.
• Brownea Jacq.
• Browneopsis Huber
• Crudia Schreb.
• Cryptosepalum Benth.
• Cynometra L.
• Dicymbe Spruce ex Benth. & Hook. f.
• Didelotia Baill.
• Ecuadendron D.A. Neill
• Elizabetha Schomb. ex Benth.
• Englerodendron Harms
• Gabonius Wieringa & Mackinder[4]
• Gilbertiodendron J. Léonard
• Heterostemon Desf.
• Humboldtia Vahl
• Hymenostegia (Benth.) Harms
• Icuria Wieringa
• Isoberlinia Craib & Stapf ex Holland
• Isomacrolobium Aubrév. & Pellegr.
• Julbernardia Pellegr.
• Lebruniodendron J. Léonard
• Leonardoxa Aubrév.
• Librevillea Hoyle
• Loesenera Harms
• Macrolobium Schreb.
• Maniltoa Scheff.
• Michelsonia Hauman
• Micklethwaitia G.P. Lewis & Schrire
• Microberlinia A. Chev.
• Neochevalierodendron J. Léonard
• Normandiodendron J. Léonard
• Oddoniodendron De Wild.
• Paloue Aubl.
• Paloveopsis R.S. Cowan
• Paramacrolobium J.Léonard
• Plagiosiphon Harms
• Polystemonanthus Harms
• Scorodophloeus Harms
• Talbotiella Baker f.
• Tamarindus L.
• Tetraberlinia (Harms) Hauman
• Zenkerella Taub.

Phylogenetics

Detarioideae exhibits the following phylogenetic relationships:[2][5][6][7][8][9]

Fabales

Cercideae clade (outgroup)   Detarioideae     Schotieae Schotia   Barnebydendreae   Goniorrachis     Barnebydendron       Detarieae       Hardwickia     Colophospermum       Prioria           Brandzeia     Daniellia     Detarieae sensu stricto       Stemonocoleus     Augouardia         Eurypetalum     Eperua             Peltogyne       Guibourtia pro parte       Hymenaea     Guibourtia pro parte               Hylodendron     Gilletiodendron         Baikiaea         Detarium     Sindoropsis       Copaifera     Sindora     Tessmannia                     Saraceae     Endertia     Lysidice       Saraca       Afzelieae   Brodriguesia       Afzelia     Intsia       Amherstieae   Amherstia   Brownea Clade[10][11]       Elizabetha     Heterostemon       Macrolobium         Ecuadendron     Brownea     Paloue           Tamarindus     Humboldtia       Paramacrolobium     Cryptosepalum         Polystemonanthus     Dicymbe         Cynometra pro parte       Loesenera       Talbotiella       Leonardoxa     Hymenostegia               Zenkerella         Gabonius       Annea     Scorodophloeus           Crudia pro parte       Neochevalierodendron     Crudia pro parte             Normandiodendron     Plagiosiphon       Cynometra pro parte     Maniltoa                 Englerodendron     Anthonotha         Oddoniodendron     Isoberlinia       Berlinia   Microberlinia + "Babjit" Clade     Microberlinia     Brachystegia         Julbernardia       Icuria     Aphanocalyx         Tetraberlinia     Bikinia                   Didelotia       Librevillea     Gilbertiodendron

References

1. The Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG). (2017). "A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny". Taxon. 66 (1): 44–77. doi:10.12705/661.3.
2. de la Estrella M, Forest F, Klitgård B, Lewis GP, Mackinder BA, de Queiroz LP, Wieringa JJ, Bruneau A. (2018). "A new phylogeny-based tribal classification of subfamily Detarioideae, an early branching clade of florally diverse tropical arborescent legumes". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): 6884. Bibcode:2018NatSR...8.6884D. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-24687-3. PMC 5932001. PMID 29720687.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
3. Mackinder BA, Wieringa JJ (2013). "Annea gen. nov. (Detarieae, Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae), a home for two species long misplaced in Hymenostegia sensu lato". Phytotaxa. 142 (1): 1–14. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.142.1.1.
4. Wieringa JJ, Mackinder BA, Van Proosdij ASJ (2013). "Gabonius gen. nov.(Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae), a distant cousin of Hymenostegia endemic to Gabon". Phytotaxa. 142 (1): 15–24. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.142.1.2.
5. Bruneau A, Forest F, Herendeen PS, Klitgaard BB, Lewis GP (2001). "Phylogenetic relationships in the Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) as inferred from chloroplast trnL intron sequences". Syst Bot. 26 (3): 487–514. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.487 (inactive 2021-01-16).CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2021 (link)
6. Bruneau A, Mercure M, Lewis GP, Herendeen PS (2008). "Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes". Botany. 86 (7): 697–718. doi:10.1139/B08-058.
7. Cardoso D, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP, Boatwright JS, Van Wykd BE, Wojciechowskie MF, Lavin M (2013). "Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes". S. Afr. J. Bot. 89: 58–75. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.05.001.
8. de la Estrella M, Wieringa JJ, Mackinder B, van der Burgt X, Devesa JA, Bruneau A (2014). "Phylogenetic analysis of the African genus Gilbertiodendron J. Léonard and related genera (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae-Detarieae)". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 175 (9): 975–985. doi:10.1086/677648. S2CID 83648906.
9. Mackinder BA, Saslis-Lagoudakis H, Wieringa JJ, Devey D, Forest F, Bruneau A (2013). "The tropical African legume Scorodophloeus clade includes two undescribed Hymenostegia segregate genera and Micklethwaitia, a rare, monospecific genus from Mozambique". S. Afr. J. Bot. 89: 156–163. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.07.002.
10. Redden RM, Herendeen PS (2006). "Morphology and Phylogenetic Analysis of Paloue and Related Genera in the Brownea Clade (Detarieae, Caesalpinioideae)". 167. 167 (6): 1229–1246. doi:10.1086/508065. S2CID 83720699.
11. Redden KM, Herendeen PS, Wurdack KJ, Bruneau A (2010). "Phylogenetic Relationships of the Northeastern South American Brownea Clade of Tribe Detarieae (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae) Based on Morphology and Molecular Data". Syst Bot. 35 (3): 524–533. doi:10.1600/036364410792495863. S2CID 85708423.