Dnieper–Bug estuary

Dnieper–Bug estuary
Dnieper–Bug estuary
	Satellite view of the Dnieper–Bug estuary
	Dnieper–Bug estuary
Location	Ukraine
Coordinates	46°37′N 31°57′E
Type	estuary
Primary inflows	Dnieper, Southern Bug
Basin countries	Ukraine
Max. length	63 km (39 mi)
Max. width	17 km (11 mi)
Surface area	1,006.3 km2 (388.5 sq mi)
Average depth	4–6 m (13–20 ft)
Max. depth	12 m (39 ft)
Settlements	Ochakiv, Mykolaiv

The Dnieper–Bug estuary (Ukrainian: Дніпровсько-Бузький лиман) is an open estuary, or liman, of two rivers: the Dnieper and the Southern Bug (also called the Boh River). It is located on the northern coast of the Black Sea and is separated from it by Kinburn Spit and the Cape of Ochakiv.

Description

1 – Dnieper estuary; 2 – Southern Bug (Boh) estuary; 3 – Kinburn peninsula; 4 – Dnieper mouth

The estuary includes two parts: the wide Dnieper estuary (55 km long, up to 17 km wide), and the narrower Bug estuary (47 km long, from 5 to 11 km wide). The average depth is 6–7 metres (20–23 ft) and the maximum depth 22 metres (72 ft).

The estuary is important for transport, recreation, and fisheries. The most important port is Ochakiv.

Historical events

The estuary was a naval battleground in the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792. The Siege of Ochakov was a key event in that war, and naval battles – which involved the Russian Dnieper Flotilla,[1] John Paul Jones's deep-water fleet,[2][3] and the Ottoman Navy – included the First Battle of the Liman on June 7, 1788, and the Second Battle of the Liman on June 16 and 17.[1][3]

Key landmarks

The ruins of Pontic Olvia are located on the right bank of the Southern Bug (Boh River), right at its mouth.

There is an artificial island which is often mistaken for Berezan Island, but it is actually Pervomaisky Island.

References

A. B. Shirokorad, The Russian-Turkish War, cited at "Успехи Лиманской флотилии" [Advance of the Flotilla to the Liman]. Military history of the 2nd half of the 18th century. Retrieved March 4, 2015. (in Russian)
Morison, Samuel Eliot (1959). John Paul Jones - A Sailor's Biography. Atlantic Monthly Press. pp. 435–439. ISBN 978-1568524658. Retrieved March 4, 2015. (in English)
Martelle, Scott (2014). The Admiral and the Ambassador: One Man's Obsessive Search for the Body of John Paul Jones. Chicago Review Press. pp. 102–106. ISBN 978-1613747308. Retrieved March 4, 2015. (in English)

External links

Dnipro–Boh Estuary at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine (in Ukrainian)

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[Shirokorad-1] A. B. Shirokorad, The Russian-Turkish War, cited at "Успехи Лиманской флотилии" [Advance of the Flotilla to the Liman]. Military history of the 2nd half of the 18th century. Retrieved March 4, 2015. (in Russian)

[Morison-2] Morison, Samuel Eliot (1959). John Paul Jones - A Sailor's Biography. Atlantic Monthly Press. pp. 435–439. ISBN 978-1568524658. Retrieved March 4, 2015. (in English)

[Martelle-3] Martelle, Scott (2014). The Admiral and the Ambassador: One Man's Obsessive Search for the Body of John Paul Jones. Chicago Review Press. pp. 102–106. ISBN 978-1613747308. Retrieved March 4, 2015. (in English)