Duttaphrynus parietalis

Duttaphrynus parietalis, commonly known as the Indian toad or ridged toad, is a species of toad found in the Western Ghats of India.[2]

Indian toad
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Bufonidae
Genus: Duttaphrynus
Species:
D. parietalis
Binomial name
Duttaphrynus parietalis
(Boulenger, 1882)
Synonyms

Description

Head with very prominent ridges, namely a canthal, a slight preorbital, a supraorbital, a postorbital, a parietal, and an orbitotympanic; parietal ridges obliquely directed inwards; snout short, blunt; interorbital space broader than the upper eyelid; tympanum distinct, two thirds the diameter of the eye. First finger extending beyond second; toes half webbed, with single subarticular tubercles; two moderate metatarsal tubercles; no tarsal fold. The tarsometatarsal articulation reaches between the eye and the tip of the snout. Upper surfaces covered with irregular warts; parotoids moderately elongate, elliptical, very prominent. Uniform brown above; beneath marbled with brown. Male with a subgular vocal sac.[3]

References
  1. Biju, S.D.; Dutta, S.; Vasudevan, K.; Vijayakumar, S.P.; Srinivasulu, C.; Bhuddhe, G.D. (2004). "Duttaphrynus parietalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T54725A11194867. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T54725A11194867.en. Retrieved 9 January 2018. Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is near threatened
  2. Krishna, S. N. Krishna, S. B. 2001. On the natural history of Bufo parietalis Boulenger, 1882, Amphibia: Family Bufonidae. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 98(3):456
  3. Boulenger, G. A. 1890. Fauna of British India. Reptilia and Batrachia.


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