Emaravirus

Emaravirus is a genus of plant viruses and the sole genus in the family Fimoviridae.[1] The genus has 11 species. The type species European mountain ash ringspot-associated emaravirus is associated with a leaf mottling and ringspot disease of European mountain ash Sorbus aucuparia. It can be transmitted by grafting and possibly mites.[2]

Emaravirus
Electron micrograph of European mountain ash ringspot-associated emaravirus and genome (bar = 100 nm)
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Negarnaviricota
Class: Ellioviricetes
Order: Bunyavirales
Family: Fimoviridae
Genus: Emaravirus
Type species
European mountain ash ringspot-associated emaravirus
Species

See text

Structure

Virions of this genus are between 80–100 nm and consists of an enveloped ribonucleocapsid that exhibits helical symmetry.

Genome

The genomes are segmented, consisting of four strands of negative-sense single-stranded RNA.

Phylogenetics

Emaravirus has the closest phylogenetic relationship with members of the genera Orthotospovirus and Orthobunyavirus. The 3' and 5' ends of the genomic RNAs are complementary (similar to viruses of the Bunyavirales order), with the sequence 5'-AGUAGUGUUCUCC-3' at the 5' terminus and 5'-GGAGUUCACUACU-3' at the 3' terminus. However, the number of genome segments and gene sequences distinguishes emaraviruses from bunyaviruses and tenuiviruses.

Taxonomy

The following species are recognized:

  • Actinidia chlorotic ringspot-associated emaravirus
  • Blackberry leaf mottle associated emaravirus
  • European mountain ash ringspot-associated emaravirus
  • Fig mosaic emaravirus
  • High Plains wheat mosaic emaravirus
  • Pigeonpea sterility mosaic emaravirus 1
  • Pigeonpea sterility mosaic emaravirus 2
  • Pistacia emaravirus B
  • Raspberry leaf blotch emaravirus
  • Redbud yellow ringspot-associated emaravirus
  • Rose rosette emaravirus

References
  1. Elbeaino, T; Digiaro, M; Mielke-Ehret, N; Muehlbach, HP; Martelli, GP; Ictv Report, Consortium (November 2018). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Fimoviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 99 (11): 1478–1479. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001143. PMID 30204080.
  2. Mielke-Ehret, N; Mühlbach, HP (Sep 2012). "Emaravirus: a novel genus of multipartite, negative strand RNA plant viruses". Viruses. 4 (9): 1515–36. doi:10.3390/v4091515. PMC 3499817. PMID 23170170.


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