Emoinu
Emoinu (Meitei: ꯏꯃꯣꯏꯅꯨ) is the Meitei Manipuri goddess of hearth, home, family, wealth, peace, fertility, wisdom, prosperity, vitality, resources and the right ordering of domesticity.[1][2][3][4]
| Emoinu ꯏꯃꯣꯏꯅꯨ | |
|---|---|
Goddess of hearth, home, family, peace, fertility, wisdom, wealth, vitality, resources and prosperity Mother goddess | |
 Emoinu Chaak-hong Ngaa-hongbi | |
| Other names | Thumleima, Phouoibi, Nga Leima, Irai Leima, Leimarel Sidabi, etc. |
| Affiliation | Sanamahism and Meitei mythology |
| Abode | Sanamahi Kachin (Household kitchen, near the stove) |
| Mantra | ꯎꯡ ꯔꯩ ꯔꯦ ꯍꯌꯥ ꯍꯌꯥꯔꯦ! ꯍꯥꯗ ꯏꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯗꯕꯤ ꯏꯃꯣꯢꯅꯨ ꯑꯍꯣꯡ ꯑꯆꯥꯎꯕꯤ ꯫o꯫
Ung Rei Re Haya- Hayare! Hada Ima Sidabi Imoinu Ahong Achaubi ꯫o꯫ |
| Symbol | Phungā Lairu (hearth), Chengphu (rice pot), Senphu (wealth pot), Yotshabi (tripod) and Hidakphu (hookah). |
| Texts | Malem Chakkhong PuYa, Yumsharol, Konthoujam Nongarol, Emoinu Mingkheirol, Emoinu Tengtharol |
| Gender | female |
| Region | Manipur |
| Festivals | Imoinu Iratpa |
| Greek equivalent | Hestia |
| Roman equivalent | Vesta (mythology) |
| Hinduism equivalent | Mahalakshmi |
In Meitei mythology, Emoinu is known for her sense of humor. Generally, she is portrayed as "an old woman", as her name means "great grandmother" in Meitei language.
Etymology and nomenclature
The name Emoinu stands for the goddess rearing the human beings. The first-word syllable E means human beings, moi meaning rearing and nu meaning Goddess.[5]
Ahongbi means giver of the household properties plentifully. Ebendhou meaning great-grandmother.[6]
History and texts
There are many ancient texts which mentioned the description of the deity. A few of them include "Emoinu Tengtharol", "Emoinu Mingkheirol", "Yumsharol", "Malem Chukkhong Puya" and so on. An excerpt from the hymns depicting goddess Emoinu goes like this :
Emoinu Lairelbigi Tengtharol
Hayahe Lahannong Korou Longlon taret
Malem Leirol taret houngeida
Amam Leishinarapi Atinga Shidabagi pukning
amamba anganba awangbadagi matam ahum machu ahumdagi louduna
shidabagi Ee tangkhai oithangba shakhaidagi shakhiye haibagi Emoinu kouye .
Atinga ahangbada hongna chaona thoklakle haibagi Ahong Achoubi kouye.
Hayi-ngei taibang yumthong laipham arubada leirure.
Mangangda yahoure ,
Luwangda yahipnare,
khumanda chaktanare;
Iyakham,Inukham,
Leimaloisang karong phabi kouye.
ANJI
He Ima leishirel leipunbi ,
Leimarel shawon oiribi .
Achi tat-tabi Athong kangdabi;
Emoinu Ahong Achaobi.
Tara chakning khakna chakshoubi,
Wanglei yenning khakna yenshoubi.
Wayel wangam thourangbi ,
Huyel lancheng Shaphabi.
Ingi khutchingli oiribi,
Pegi chahum oiribi .
Heepokpi ,Yaipokpi Heeleima,
Yaileima ,Heekubi Yaikubi
Yaishna kouna mingkheibi;
Leima taret shawonbi.
Naktha leima paotoibi ,
Phurep leima luchaobi.
Phurep changjou oiribi,
Phuron wanlon-nungda yatabi.
Ayuk chara nongdambi.
Numidang chara nongkhaibi .
Taibang naoyok naokonbio!
He Ima haosham tongdamnabi,
Emoinu ahong achaobio!
Areinu leishinbirak-o ,ahumnu humjinbirak-o!
Kangla chira marimaktagi ,
Malem maikei nipalmaktagi.
Ingi khurji ching-bagum chingshinbiyu,
Pegi chahum shup-pagum shupchinbiyu.
Achi tatpiganu akhong kangbiganu.
Tara chakning khakna chakshoubiyu,
Wanglei yen-ning khakna yenshoubiyu.
He Ima! Nganglou thambal manba ,
Khoimom shana nakhongkhada,
Taibang nongshapangi nadairem wakmana,
Manbi khutapnana mukmu leiton kon
Kaobi chira luk malem thourei leika paina.
Changjou leipaknana khoimom nakhongkhada,
Chepna non-na purumjari.
Hung pokpi hung pokpi tu
Takup takup haoku haokup
Leihipun tarengching heeng koubi;
Thup thup koubi layolang tanoubi koubi Ima!
Lengshinbiyu , nanaina katchabashi loubiyu,
Lengdana leibiyu Ima!
This is a common hymn dedicated to goddess Emoinu, chanted by devotees during her worshipping rituals.[7]
Legends
There are two legends about the origin of the goddess Emoinu.
- The first legend is mentioned in ancient Meitei text "Lairembi Nongumlol".
According to the text, the Sky God Salailen Sidaba has seven daughters, whom he sent them down to earth to prosper the human civilization. All the goddesses were given a certain task to serve in their future. In that event, a goddess was given the task to be the mother of peace, wealth and prosperity. Later, she was named "Emoinu Ahongbi".
- According to the second legend, Creator God Atingkok Maru Sidaba asked his consort, the earth goddess Leimarel Sidabi to produce another goddess in her exact copy. So, she did. The new goddess was named Emoinu Ahongbi and was sent to earth to be the goddess of peace, wealth and prosperity. Besides, she is the Guardian of the mankind.[8]
Attributes and iconography
She has various divine forms. Some of them are:
| Goddesses | Description |
|---|---|
| Leimarel Sidabi | Earth goddess |
| Ngaleima | Fish goddess |
| Panthoibi | War goddess |
| Phouoibi | Food goddess |
| Thumleima | Salt goddess |
Worship and festivals
Abode
There are two major places in a household where the deity could be worshipped:-
- One abode is at the fireplace "Phunga Lairu" of the kitchen of the household.
- Another place is at the "Sanamahi Kachin", the South western corner of the household.
Ritual
Ebendhou Emoinu is offered from the first serving of every meal prepared in a Meitei household. The serving is made by placing three servings of the cooked rice on a plate that is set aside. These offerings should be only vegetarian foods or fish.
The household members are asked to maintain discipline, be respectful, and be tidy so as to please Emoinu.
Festival
Imoinu Iratpa is observed every 12th day of the Meitei lunar month, Waakching (Dec-Jan in gregorian calendar).[9][10] On this day, especially at night, Emoinu is offered what each can, particularly fish curries as dinner for Emoinu and a variety of cuisines in odd numbers.[11]
In popular culture
- A Meitei feature film Imoinu shows the worship of the deity, alongside the storyline of the film.
See also
- Lainingthou Sanamahi
- Pakhangba
- Atingkok Maru Sidaba
- Lists of deities in Sanamahism
- Lists of Creatures in Meitei Folklore
- Sanamahi creation myth
- Sacred Scriptures of Sanamahism
References
- https://m.telegraphindia.com/states/north-east/meiteis-celebrate-emoinu/cid/1627030
- http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=reviews.books.emoinu
- https://books.google.co.in/books?id=8s7kAAAAMAAJ&q=imoinu&dq=imoinu&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi0yvOR-M_uAhXWXSsKHewIDeIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg
- https://books.google.co.in/books?id=H0moDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT246&dq=imoinu+goddess+of+wealth&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiV3dGd-c_uAhVWQH0KHceKDQsQ6AEwBHoECAkQAg#v=onepage&q=imoinu%20goddess%20of%20wealth&f=false
- http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=reviews.books.emoinu
- http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=reviews.books.emoinu
- http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Manipur_and_Religion.A_Hymn_for_Goddess_Emoinu
- http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=reviews.books.emoinu
- "Observance of festival of Emoinu". E-Pao. Nabakumar Salam.
- http://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=7..030115.jan15
- https://www.officeholidays.com/holidays/imoinu-iratpa