Energy in Europe

Energy in Europe includes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Europe.

Primary energy consumption by fuel

In the European Union, the total primary energy consumption reached a peak in 2006 and decreased by 12 % since then:[1]

Primary energy consumption by country

Primary energy consumption for selected European and Eurasian countries in million tonnes of oil equivalent (Mtoe) from 2010 to 2015, according to BP, is listed below.[2]

country	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015
Austria	35.9	33.8	35.4	35.1	33.9	34.1
Azerbaijan	10.7	11.9	12.3	12.6	13.2	13.7
Belarus	25.9	25.9	27.9	24.7	24.9	23.6
Belgium	66.0	61.3	58.6	60.0	55.9	56.5
Bulgaria	17.8	19.1	18.1	16.7	17.9	18.9
Czech Republic	42.8	42.1	41.7	40.9	40.1	39.6
Denmark	19.5	18.5	17.1	18.0	17.5	16.9
Finland	30.9	28.6	27.6	27.2	26.3	25.9
France	253.2	244.5	244.7	247.4	237.5	239.0
Germany	323.7	312.3	316.7	325.8	311.9	320.6
Greece	31.5	30.7	29.3	27.9	26.3	26.3
Hungary	24.9	23.2	21.7	20.5	20.5	21.5
Ireland	15.2	14.1	14.0	13.7	13.7	14.6
Italy	172.2	168.4	162.2	155.7	146.8	151.7
Kazakhstan	48.5	55.0	57.5	57.4	57.7	54.8
Lithuania	5.6	5.8	5.8	5.4	5.2	5.3
Netherlands	96.1	91.5	88.4	86.4	81.1	81.6
Norway	41.9	43.0	47.8	45.0	46.4	47.1
Poland	98.2	98.7	95.7	96.0	92.4	95.0
Portugal	25.6	24.5	22.4	24.5	24.6	24.1
Romania	33.8	34.7	34.0	31.5	32.5	33.1
Russian Federation	673.3	694.9	695.3	688.0	689.8	666.8
Slovakia	17.4	16.8	16.2	16.8	15.5	15.8
Spain	146.2	143.1	142.4	134.2	132.1	134.4
Sweden	52.1	51.5	54.7	51.4	51.7	53.0
Switzerland	28.7	27.2	28.8	29.7	28.4	27.9
Turkey	111.0	115.0	120.2	117.6	122.8	131.3
Turkmenistan	25.9	27.0	29.7	26.8	31.3	37.3
Ukraine	121.0	125.7	122.6	114.7	101.0	85.1
United Kingdom	210.5	198.8	201.9	201.4	188.9	191.2
Uzbekistan	43.8	49.7	49.2	48.7	50.3	51.6
Other Europe & Eurasia	98.6	96.9	94.4	96.1	94.1	96.0
Total Europe & Eurasia	2948.5	2934.2	2934.3	2898.0	2832.3	2834.4

Primary energy consumption per capita (2008)

The European primary energy use per capita (TWh per million people) in 2008 is listed below.[3]

Primary energy consumption in Europe (2008)[3]

Rank	country	TWh	population (million)	TWh per million people
1	Russia	7,987	141.79	56
2	Germany	3,899	82.12	47
3	France	3,099	64.12	48
4	United Kingdom	2,424	61.35	40
5	Italy	2,047	59.89	34
6	Spain	1,614	45.59	35
7	Ukraine	1,583	46.26	34
8	Turkey	1,146	71.08	16
9	Poland	1,138	38.12	30
10	Netherlands	927	16.44	56
11	Kazakhstan	825	15.68	53
12	Belgium	681	10.71	64
13	Sweden	577	9.26	62
14	Czech Republic	519	10.43	50
15	Romania	458	21.51	21
16	Finland	410	5.31	77
17	Austria	387	8.34	46
18	Greece	354	11.24	31
19	Norway	345	4.77	72
20	Belarus	327	9.68	34
21	Switzerland	311	7.71	40
22	Portugal	281	10.62	26
23	Bulgaria	230	7.62	30
24	Denmark	221	5.49	40
25	Ireland	174	4.44	39
26	Azerbaijan	155	8.68	18
27	Croatia	106	4.43	24
28	Estonia	63	1.34	47
29	Iceland	61	0.32	191
30	Luxembourg	48	0.49	98
31	Moldova	37	3.63	10
32	Armenia	35	3.08	11
33	Cyprus	30	0.80	38
34	Malta	10	0.41	23

Mtoe = 11.63 TWh primary energy, includes energy losses

Oil

Oil sources for the European Union with tendency forecast.

Oil is one of the largest primary energy sources in Europe. It is mostly used for transportation and heating. Oil production is relatively low in Europe, with significant production only in the North Sea. Most of Europe's oil comes from imports (about 90% for the EU28).

Electricity

Renewable energy

The twelve newer EU Member States in Central and Eastern Europe plan to increase wind power capacity from the 6.4 gigawatts installed at the end of 2012 to 16 gigawatts by 2020.[4][5]

If renewable electricity production in the EU continued to grow at the same rate as it did from 2005 to 2010, it would account for 36.4% of electricity in 2020 and 51.6% in 2030, following:[6]

Renewable energy as a percentage of total electricity
2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2020	2030
13.6	14.2	15.1	16.4	18.2	21.2	36.4	51.6

See also

• Electricity in Europe
• Energy policy of the European Union
• Energy efficiency in Europe (study)
• European countries by fossil fuel use (% of total energy)
• European countries by electricity consumption per person

References

1. Primary energy consumption by fuel, European Environment Agency, data from Eurostat (page visited on 25 November 2019).
2. "Statistical Review of World Energy | Energy economics | BP Global". bp.com. BP. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
3. IEA Key energy statistics 2010 Page: Country-specific indicator numbers from page 48
4. Wind power for 9 million households in Eastern Europe by 2020 5 Feb 2013
5. Eastern winds, Emerging European wind power markets February 2013
6. EU met its 2010 Renewable electricity target - ambitious 2030 target needed EWEA 12 January 2012