Europium dichloride

Europium dichloride
Names
	Other names Europium(II) chloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	13769-20-5 dry ; 70442-98-7 dihydrate ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	75541;
ECHA InfoCard	100.033.973
EC Number	237-386-7;
PubChem CID	83719;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2065620 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/2ClH.Eu/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 Key: BMANZYKPCBPZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-L;
	SMILES Cl[Eu]Cl;
Properties
Chemical formula	Cl2Eu
Molar mass	222.86 g·mol−1
Appearance	white solid
Density	4.86 g·cm−3[1]
Melting point	738 °C (1,011 K)[2]
Boiling point	2,190 °C (2,460 K)[2]
Related compounds
Other anions	europium difluoride; europium dibromide; europium diiodide
Other cations	samarium dichloride; thulium dichloride
Related compounds	europium trichloride
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	Infobox references

Europium dichloride is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula EuCl₂. When it is irradiated by ultraviolet light, it has bright blue fluorescence.[3]

Production

Europium dichloride can be produced by reducing europium trichloride with hydrogen gas at high temperature[4]

2 EuCl₃ + H₂ → 2 EuCl₂ + 2 HCl

If dry europium trichloride reacts with lithium borohydride in THF, it can also produce europium dichloride：[5]

2 EuCl₃ + 2 LiBH₄ → 2 EuCl₂ + 2 LiCl + H₂↑ + B₂H₆↑

Properties

Europium dichloride can form yellow ammonia complexes:EuCl₂•8NH₃, and can dissolve to pale yellowish EuCl₂•NH₃.[4] Europium dichloride can react with europium hydride at 120-bar H₂, producing EuClH that fluoresces green.[6]

References

Roger Blachnik (Hrsg.): Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker. Band III: Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien, Minerale. begründet von Jean d’Ans, Ellen Lax. 4., neubearbeitete und revidierte Auflage. Springer, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-540-60035-3, S. 446–447
Polyachenok, O. G.; Novikov, G. I. Saturated vapor pressures of SmCl2, EuCl2, YbCl2. Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 1963. 8 (12): 2631-2634. ISSN: 0044-457X.
Howell, J.K.; Pytlewski, L.L. (August 1969). "Synthesis of divalent europium and ytterbium halides in liquid ammonia". Journal of the Less Common Metals. 18 (4): 437–439. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(69)90017-4.
Klemm, Wilhelm; Doll, Walter. Measurements on the bivalent and the quadrivalent compounds of the rare earths. VI. The halides of bivalent europium. Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 1939. 241: 233-238. ISSN: 0044-2313.
Rossmanith, K.; Muckenhuber, E. Reaction of rare earth chlorides with lithium borohydride. II. Monatshefte fuer Chemie, 1961. 92: 600-604. ISSN: 0026-9247.
Kunkel, Nathalie; Rudolph, Daniel; Meijerink, Andries; Rommel, Stefan; Weihrich, Richard; Kohlmann, Holger; Schleid, Thomas (2015). "Green Luminescence of Divalent Europium in the Hydride Chloride EuHCl". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 641 (7): 1220–1224. doi:10.1002/zaac.201400531. ISSN 0044-2313.

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[1] Roger Blachnik (Hrsg.): Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker. Band III: Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien, Minerale. begründet von Jean d’Ans, Ellen Lax. 4., neubearbeitete und revidierte Auflage. Springer, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-540-60035-3, S. 446–447

[OG-2] Polyachenok, O. G.; Novikov, G. I. Saturated vapor pressures of SmCl2, EuCl2, YbCl2. Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 1963. 8 (12): 2631-2634. ISSN: 0044-457X.

[Howell-3] Howell, J.K.; Pytlewski, L.L. (August 1969). "Synthesis of divalent europium and ytterbium halides in liquid ammonia". Journal of the Less Common Metals. 18 (4): 437–439. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(69)90017-4.

[Klemm-4] Klemm, Wilhelm; Doll, Walter. Measurements on the bivalent and the quadrivalent compounds of the rare earths. VI. The halides of bivalent europium. Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 1939. 241: 233-238. ISSN: 0044-2313.

[5] Rossmanith, K.; Muckenhuber, E. Reaction of rare earth chlorides with lithium borohydride. II. Monatshefte fuer Chemie, 1961. 92: 600-604. ISSN: 0026-9247.

[6] Kunkel, Nathalie; Rudolph, Daniel; Meijerink, Andries; Rommel, Stefan; Weihrich, Richard; Kohlmann, Holger; Schleid, Thomas (2015). "Green Luminescence of Divalent Europium in the Hydride Chloride EuHCl". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 641 (7): 1220–1224. doi:10.1002/zaac.201400531. ISSN 0044-2313.