Eve Marder

Eve Marder is a University Professor and the Victor and Gwendolyn Beinfield Professor of Neuroscience at Brandeis University. At Brandeis, Marder is also a member of the Volen National Center for Complex Systems. Dr. Marder is known for her pioneering work on small neuronal networks which her team has interrogated via a combination of complementary experimental and theoretical techniques.

Eve Marder
Born
New York City
Alma materBrandeis University, University of California, San Diego
Known forDynamic clamp method, studies on the stomatogastric nervous system
AwardsMember of the US National Academy of Sciences, Kavli Prize in Neuroscience
Scientific career
FieldsNeuroscience
InstitutionsBrandeis University

Marder is particularly well known in the community for her work on neural circuits in the crustacean stomatogastric nervous system (STNS), a small network of 30 neurons. She discovered that circuits are not “hard-wired” to produce a single output or behavior, but can be reconfigured by neuromodulators to produce many outputs and behaviors while still maintaining the integrity of the circuit. Her work has revolutionized the way scientists approach the studies of neural circuits with respect to the study of structural and functional behavior. The general principles that have resulted from her work are thought to be generally applicable to other neural networks, including those in humans.

Marder has received numerous awards for her pioneering work in the field including memberships in the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 2013, she was named to the National Institute of Health working group for the BRAIN Initiative.

Career, research, and service

Marder was born in Manhattan and raised on the east coast. Although she loved biology from an early age, Marder has shared that she held very diverse academic interests prior to starting her undergraduate degree and in fact entered Brandeis University as an undergraduate in 1965 with a plan to study politics and become a lawyer.[1] She would instead find herself re-captivated by the world of biology and switched majors to Biology after her freshman year. Marder has shared that a pivotal turning point in her scientific self-development was writing a paper on schizophrenia during an abnormal psychology class during her junior year. Her subsequent library studies on inhibition in neural signaling solidified her career goals to become a neuroscientist and launched her on what would become her lifelong academic path.[1]

Marder received her B.A. from Brandeis University in 1969[1] and subsequently completed Ph.D. studies at University of California, San Diego. It was during her time as a graduate student at UCSD that Marder would be introduced to the specific neural network, the lobster stomatogastric-ganglion system, that would prove pivotal for the rest of her academic career.[1] Marder's doctoral work on the role of acetylcholine in the lobster STG led to a single-author paper in Nature.[2] She completed her postdoctoral training at the University of Oregon in Eugene and the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, France. Marder subsequently began her independent research career at Brandeis University in 1978 as a faculty member in the department in Biology.

Her work on the 30 neurons that compose the lobster stomatogastric ganglion (STG) produced many notable findings. She found that circuits can be modulated by many neuromodulators, which act on the level of populations of neurons, unlike some neurotransmitters, which can only affect specific target neurons. She pioneered work on plasticity and homeostasis, revealing more about how the brain can change dramatically during learning and development yet remain structurally stable. Her recent work examining network variability among healthy individuals shows that a variety of network parameters can produce the same behavioral outcome, challenging a long-standing goal in theoretical neuroscience to model 'ideal' neurons and neural circuits.[3]

Along with Larry Abbott, she also developed the dynamic clamp method, which enables an experimenter to induce mathematically modeled conductances into living neurons to view the output of theoretical circuits.[4]

She is currently an elected counselor for the National Academy of Science,[5] a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the United States National Academy of Sciences, serves on the National Institutes of Health working group for the BRAIN Initiative, and is a former president of the Society for Neuroscience.[6] She is also a Deputy Editor at eLife,[7] and, due to her early interest in politics, she often writes about science, politics, and society.[8] In 1990 at Brandeis, she established one of the first undergraduate neuroscience programs in the United States.[9]

Select publications

Eve Marder has an extensive publication record in the areas of neuromodulation, computational neuroscience, the dynamics of small networks, and neuropeptides. A selection of works are listed below:

  • Marder, E.; Calabrese, R. L. (1996-07-01). "Principles of rhythmic motor pattern generation". Physiological Reviews. 76 (3): 687–717. doi:10.1152/physrev.1996.76.3.687. ISSN 0031-9333. PMID 8757786.
  • Bucher, Dirk; Marder, Eve (2001-11-27). "Central pattern generators and the control of rhythmic movements". Current Biology. 11 (23): R986–R996. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00581-4. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 11728329. S2CID 1294374.
  • Marder, Eve; Bucher, Dirk; Prinz, Astrid A. (2004). "Similar network activity from disparate circuit parameters". Nature Neuroscience. 7 (12): 1345–1352. doi:10.1038/nn1352. ISSN 1546-1726. PMID 15558066. S2CID 6697491.
  • Marder, E.; Abbott, L. F.; Turrigiano, G. (1994-05-13). "Activity-dependent changes in the intrinsic properties of cultured neurons". Science. 264 (5161): 974–977. Bibcode:1994Sci...264..974T. doi:10.1126/science.8178157. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 8178157.
  • Sharp, A. A.; O'Neil, M. B.; Abbott, L. F.; Marder, E. (1993-03-01). "Dynamic clamp: computer-generated conductances in real neurons". Journal of Neurophysiology. 69 (3): 992–995. doi:10.1152/jn.1993.69.3.992. ISSN 0022-3077. PMID 8463821.
  • Marder, Eve; Goaillard, Jean-Marc; Schulz, David J. (2006). "Variable channel expression in identified single and electrically coupled neurons in different animals". Nature Neuroscience. 9 (3): 356–362. doi:10.1038/nn1639. ISSN 1546-1726. PMID 16444270. S2CID 19657439.
  • Marder, Eve; Wood, Debra; Swensen, Andrew M.; Blitz, Dawn M.; Nusbaum, Michael P. (2001-03-01). "The roles of co-transmission in neural network modulation". Trends in Neurosciences. 24 (3): 146–154. doi:10.1016/S0166-2236(00)01723-9. ISSN 0166-2236. PMID 11182454. S2CID 8994646.

Notable awards

References
  1. "Eve Marder | Gruber Foundation". gruber.yale.edu. Retrieved 2019-05-14.
  2. Marder, Eve (Oct 25, 1974). "Acetylcholine as an excitatory neuromuscular transmitter in the stomatogastric system of the lobster". Nature. 251 (5477): 730–1. Bibcode:1974Natur.251..730M. doi:10.1038/251730a0. PMID 4154406. S2CID 4293312.
  3. Ganguli, Ishani (31 October 2007). "Neuroscience: A gut feeling". Nature. 450 (7166): 21–23. doi:10.1038/450021a. PMID 17972855. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  4. Gorman, James (10 November 2014). "New York Times". Learning How Little We Know About the Brain. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  5. http://www.nasonline.org, National Academy of Sciences -. "Mar. 8, 2017: National Academy of Sciences Re-Elects Vice President and Councilors". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2017-07-12.
  6. "Brandeis Life Sciences Faculty Bio". Retrieved 8 March 2015.
  7. "eLife welcomes new Deputy Editor". Retrieved 2016-08-17.
  8. "Communicating the latest advances in life science and biomedicine". eLife. Retrieved 2015-09-27.
  9. "Society for Neuroscience". www.sfn.org. Retrieved 2016-08-17.
  10. "National Academy of Sciences Announces 2019 Award Winners". GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News. 2019-01-24. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
  11. "TAU Honorary Doctorates 2017". Tel Aviv University. Retrieved 2017-07-12.
  12. "Brandeis neuroscientist Eve Marder '69 awarded prestigious Kavli Prize". BrandeisNOW. Retrieved 2019-05-14.
  13. "Eve Marder wins 2013 Gruber Neuroscience Prize". BrandeisNOW. Retrieved 2019-05-14.
  14. "Eve Marder to receive George A. Miller Prize in Cognitive Neuroscience". BrandeisNOW. Retrieved 2019-05-14.
  15. division-of-science (2012-05-07). "Eve Marder wins 2012 Karl Spencer Lashley Award". blogs.brandeis.edu. Retrieved 2019-05-14.
  16. "Eve Marder, Ph.D. | Janelia Research Campus". www.janelia.org. Retrieved 2019-05-14.
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