File Manager (Windows)

File Manager is a file manager program bundled with releases of OS/2 and Microsoft Windows[1] between 1990 and 1999 and available from 6 April 2018 as an optional download for all modern releases of Windows, including Windows 10.[2][3]

This article is about the default file management program for DOS, OS/2, and early versions of Windows. For the default file explorer in Windows 95 and onward, see File Explorer.
For the program suite with a similar name, see FileMan.
File Manager
File Manager in Windows 10, displaying the contents of partition C:
Original author(s)Chris Guzak
Developer(s)Microsoft
Initial releaseMay 22, 1990 (1990-05-22)
Stable release
10.1.4.0 / June 16, 2020 (2020-06-16)
Repository
Written inC, C++
Operating systemOS/2, Microsoft Windows
PredecessorMS-DOS Executive
SuccessorWindows Explorer
TypeFile manager
LicenseMIT License

It is a single-instance graphical interface, replacing the command-line interface of MS-DOS, to manage files (copy, move, open, delete, search, etc.) and MS-DOS Executive file manager from previous Windows versions. Although File Manager was included in Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0 and some later versions, Windows Explorer was introduced and used as the primary file manager, with file management via a two-pane view different from that of File Manager, and a single-pane view obtained by clicking a "My Computer" icon.

Overview

The program's interface showed a list of directories on the left hand panel, and a list of the current directory's contents on the right hand panel. File Manager allowed a user to create, rename, move, print, copy, search for, and delete files and directories, as well as to set permissions (attributes) such as archive, read-only, hidden or system, and to associate file types with programs. Also available were tools to label and format disks, manage folders for file sharing and to connect and disconnect from a network drive. On Windows NT systems it was also possible to set ACLs on files and folders on NTFS partitions through the shell32 security configuration dialog (also used by Explorer and other Windows file managers). On NTFS drives, individual files or entire folders could be compressed or expanded.

The Windows NT version of File Manager allows users to change directory, file, local, network and user permissions.

From Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0 onward, File Manager was superseded by Windows Explorer. However, the WINFILE.EXE program file was still included with Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows Me (16-bit executable), and Windows NT 4.0 (32-bit executable). The last 32-bit WINFILE.EXE build (4.0.1381.318) was distributed as part of Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 6a (SP6a). The last 16-bit WINFILE.EXE build (4.90.3000) was distributed as part of Windows Me operating system.

Chris Guzak was the shell developer on the Windows 3.1 team responsible for File Manager.[4]

The source was released on GitHub in 2018 with an MIT license by Microsoft.[5]

Versions

16-bit OS/2 and Windows 3.x

File Manager was included in OS/2 versions 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3.[6][7][8] The name of the executable was PMFILE.EXE.

The original version of File Manager was a 16-bit program that supported the 8.3 file names that were in use at the time.

It did not support the extended file names that became available in Windows 95 – including long file names and file names containing spaces. Instead, it would display only the first six characters followed by a tilde character ("~") and a number, usually 1. More numbers (2, 3, and so on) were added after the tilde if more than one file name with the same initial characters existed in the same directory.

The 16-bit version distributed with Windows 3.1x and Windows for Workgroups 3.1x installations had a Y2K issue due to lexicographic correlation between date representation and the ASCII character set; colons and semicolons replaced what should have been '2000'. Microsoft issued corrected binaries for all Windows 3.1x environments.[9]

Windows NT

File Manager was rewritten as a 32-bit program for Windows NT. This new version correctly handled long file names in addition to NTFS file systems. It was included with Windows NT 3.1, 3.5, 3.51, and 4.0.

Windows 10

On April 6, 2018, Microsoft released binaries and the source code, licensed under the MIT License, for an improved version of File Manager able to be run on Windows 10.[10][3] This version included changes such as the ability to compile in modern versions of Visual Studio, the ability to compile as a 64-bit application, and numerous usability improvements.[3] Microsoft also released this app in the Microsoft Store for free in late January 2019.[11]

See also

References
  1. Windows 3.0
  2. "Windows Desktop Products History". Windows History. Microsoft. June 30, 2002. Archived from the original on April 12, 2006. Retrieved August 19, 2006.
  3. Microsoft Corporation. "Microsoft/winfile: Original Windows File Manager (winfile) with enhancements". GitHub. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  4. Charles Torre (February 20, 2007). "Dr Sneath and Ian Ellison-Taylor: Windows History". Channel9. Microsoft. Retrieved March 10, 2007.
  5. Tom Warren. "Microsoft open-sources original File Manager from the '90s so it can run on Windows 10 - The Verge". The Verge. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  6. OS/2 1.1
  7. OS/2 1.2
  8. Microsoft OS/2 V1.3
  9. "File Manager Shows Garbled Date for Year 2000 or Later". Support. Microsoft. April 22, 2003. Archived from the original on September 30, 2005. Retrieved August 18, 2006.
  10. John Biggs. "90s kids rejoice! Microsoft releases the original Windows 3.0 File Manager source code". TechCrunch. Retrieved 15 April 2018.
  11. Tung, Liam. "Windows 10: Now you can get 1990s Windows File Manager from Microsoft Store". ZDNet. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
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