Football Championship of the Ukrainian SSR
The Championship of the Ukrainian SSR in football was a top competition of association football in the Ukrainian SSR in 1921-91. Number of Ukrainian clubs almost never competed in the championship such as Dynamo Kyiv.
| Founded | 1921 1959 |
|---|---|
| Folded | 1991 (reformed) |
| Country |  Ukrainian SSR and .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Moldavian SSR (before 1980) |
| Level on pyramid | 1 |
| Relegation to | Amateurs |
| Domestic cup(s) | Football Cup of the Ukrainian SSR |
| Last champions | Naftovyk Okhtyrka (1st title) (1991) |
| Most championships | 4 - SKA Kyiv and Kryvbas 8 - Kharkiv city football team[lower-alpha 1] (as Intercities champion) |
The competitions were organized by the Football Federation of the Ukrainian SSR[1] that was created in 1959 in place of the Football Section.
Before 1980, in the championship participated selected teams of Moldavian SSR.
Historical outlook
Established as the All-Ukrainian inter-city competition in 1921, later it was included into number of All-Ukrainian Olympiads and Spartakiads. During several seasons the competitions were suspended due to football being identified as a "non-proletariat sport". Also because of a difficult social cataclysm in 1933 (Holodomor), there was no competitions as well.
With the establishment of the All-Union competitions in 1936 (united competitions), the republican football competitions in Ukraine were degraded to regional level. Since then and before the Great Patriotic War, the champion of Ukraine title was awarded to a team that would place first in the First Group (Persha Hrupa) of championship among sports societies and agencies. In 1960 those competitions were suspended and republican title was awarded to the top team of Ukrainian Zone in the Class B (Soviet Second League). The consistent and uniform All-Ukrainian Soviet competition take their beginning from 1960 as the first All-Ukrainian league was formed as part of the Soviet Second League, more known back then as the Klass B, with UkrSSR zone. In 1964 there were also established lower level republican competitions among collectives of physical culture (KFK). In 1970 the Soviet Second League was named as the second group of Klass A for the season, before changing to simply the Soviet Second League. For 1990 and 1991 seasons this competition was moved further down the Soviet league levels into the newly formed Soviet Second League B also earlier known as the G group or simply the Third League.
Until World War II up to 11 clubs competed in the Soviet championship. Nine clubs from Ukraine participated in the first season of the Soviet competition: Dynamo Kyiv (I Division); Dynamo Dnipropetrovsk and Dynamo Kharkiv (II Division); Dynamo Odesa, Spartak Kharkiv, Ugolschiki Staline, Lokomotyv Kyiv (III Division); Traktor Plant Kharkiv, Stal Dnipropetrovsk (IV Division). Later other clubs has entered the competition: Silmash Kharkiv, Frunze Plant Kostiantynivka, Sudostroitel Mykolaiv, and Dzerzhynets Voroshylovhrad.
The Ukrainian club competition in the Second League had existed and prior to 1963, but was not such an exclusive and consistent part of the Soviet League system. In 1970 and 1990 there were few reformations. In 1970 the First League was reduced to a single group and, because of that, the Second League extended into upper and lower (B) divisions. The lower division was named as the Second League B and for the next season was liquidated. In 1990 a similar reform was taken upon the Second League. Its 10 regional groups were reduced to just three still by the regional principal while the league was renamed into the Buffer League (West, Center, and East). This reform also introduced what was planned to be a fourth level of professional competition allowing each republic to have its own professional league. That fourth level competition was named as the Second League, the former name of the Buffer League.
Republican competitions before 1936
Championship of cities
The first nationwide football competitions in Ukraine were established in 1921 as inter-cities competition of the Ukrainian SSR. The city teams consisted of different players from various teams of a particular city. Until 1930 the competition took place in Kharkiv, in 1931 it was conducted in Kyiv, and in 1932 – in Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporizhya.
In 1936 the competition was consolidated into the Soviet competitions with some of its teams qualified for the Soviet Top League. The championship itself became a republican level competition with its best team qualifying for the Soviet competitions.
| Season | Champion | Runner-up | 3rd Position | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1921 | Kharkiv | Odesa | Mykolaiv Taganrog | |
| 1922 | Kharkiv | Odesa | Kyiv Mykolaiv | |
| 1923 | Kharkiv | Yuzivka | Odesa | |
| 1924 | Kharkiv | Odesa | Stalino | |
| 1925 | no competitions | |||
| 1926 | no competitions | |||
| 1927 | Kharkiv | Mykolaiv | Odesa | |
| 1928 | Kharkiv | Horlivka | Mykolaiv] | |
| 1929 | no competitions | |||
| 1930 | no competitions | |||
| 1931 | Kyiv | Kharkiv | Kadiyivka Mykolaiv | |
| 1932 | Kharkiv | Donbas | Dnipropetrovsk | |
| 1933 | no competitions | |||
| 1934 | Kharkiv | Kyiv | Vinnytsia Odesa | |
| 1935 | Dnipropetrovsk | Kyiv | Kharkiv | |
Championship of the Proletarian Sports Society Dynamo
Parallel to the championship of cities there also existed separate tournament that was played among teams of Dynamo society (Proletarian Sports Society (PST) Dynamo) located throughout the Ukrainian SSR.[2] The first tournament was conducted as part of the All-Ukrainian Dynamo Festival which was organized on the orders of the top OGPU official in Ukraine Vsevolod Balitsky. The tournament was also known as the Dynamiada of Ukraine. There existed some degree of confusion due to great number of tournament at that time.[3]
| Season | Champion | Runner-up | 3rd Position | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1929[lower-alpha 2] | Dynamom Kharkiv | Dynamo Kyiv | Dynamo Dnipropetrovsk Dynamo Stalino | |
| 1931[lower-alpha 3] | Dynamo Kyiv | Dynamo Kharkiv | Dynamo Odesa Dynamo Stalino | |
| 1932[lower-alpha 4] | Dynamo Kharkiv | Dynamo Kyiv | Dynamo Odesa Dynamo Stalino | |
| 1933[lower-alpha 5] | Dynamo Kyiv | Dynamo Kharkiv | Dynamo Odesa Dynamo Stalino | |
| 1934[lower-alpha 6] | Dynamo Kharkiv | Dynamo Kyiv | Dynamo Stalino Dynamo Dnipropetrovsk | |
| 1935[lower-alpha 7] | Dynamo Kyiv | Dynamo Dnipropetrovsk | Dynamo Kharkiv | |
Republican competitions after 1936
Football Championship among teams of sports societies (non-professional level)
The competitions were considered to be amateur. In Soviet Union officially all sports players were amateur athletes, however to differentiate level of teams, there were teams of sports societies and agencies (amateurs) and teams of masters (professionals).
Nonetheless in 1936 and in 1938 there were played games of one more tournament called the Season's Cup of the Ukrainian SSR to which qualified the cup holder and the champion.[4] Those tournament were discontinued and there only were two games.
‡ – winners of the Football Cup of the Ukrainian SSR
Football Championship among teams of masters (professional level)
While many Ukrainian teams competed in the Class B before 1960, it was not until then when they were organized into own republican competition which was officially considered as the one among teams of masters (professional teams).
For 1990 and 1991 the Soviet Second League was again restructured and degraded farther into the fourth division of the competition yielding to the newly formed Buffer League. Buffer League (a.k.a. Second League) covered much bigger area for the competition, while the Second League (a.k.a. Lower Second League) was assigned specifically for most of the Soviet republics including Ukraine.
Soviet Class B (Ukraine)
Official name of the established competition was the Class B, UkrSSR (Russian: класс «Б», УССР). Originally reestablished soon after the World War II as the Second Group (1945-1949), the Class B football competitions succeeded it in 1950 as part of the Soviet second tier. As part of the Ukrainian championship, Class B existed in 1960-1970.
Note: until 1963 Class B was the second division of the Soviet football competition, analog of the First League with several zones formed by territorial principle. Since then it was degraded into the third and later renamed as the Soviet Second League.
Ukrainian competitions consisted of two zones until 1970, when it was restructured into two hierarchical leagues. After 1971 teams of the lower league lost their professional status (teams of masters).
Soviet second-tiered competitions
| Season | Group | Champion | Runner-up | 3rd Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 1 | Sudnobudivnyk Mykolaiv | Lokomotyv Vinnytsia | Arsenal Kyiv |
| 2 | Metalurh Zaporizhya | SKA Odesa | Trudovi Rezervy Luhansk | |
| Play-off | Metalurh Zaporizhya | Sudnobudivnyk Mykolaiv | ||
| 1961 | 1 | Chornomorets Odesa | Lokomotyv Vinnytsia | Zirka Kirovohrad |
| 2 | SKA Odesa | Trudovi Rezervy Luhansk | Avanhard Zhovti Vody | |
| Play-off | Chornomorets Odesa | SKA Odesa | Lokomotyv Vinnytsia | |
| 1962 | Trudovi Rezervy Luhansk | Chornomorets Odesa | Avanhard Simferopol | |
Soviet third-tiered competitions
Soviet fourth-tiered competitions
| Season | Champion | Runner-up | 3rd Position | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | Khimik Severodonetsk | Lokomotyv Vinnytsia | Lokomotyv Donetsk | |
Soviet Class A, Second Group (Ukraine, Soviet third tier)
| Season | Champion | Runner-up | 3rd Position | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | Metalurh Zaporizhya | Tavriya Simferopol | Avtomobilist Zhytomyr | |
Second League (Soviet third tier)
Second League Lower (Soviet fourth tier)
| Season | Champion | Runner-up | 3rd Position | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | Torpedo Zaporizhya | Sudnobudivelnyk Mykolaiv | Avanhard Rivne | |
| 1991 | Naftovyk Okhtyrka | Prykarpattia Ivano-Frankivsk | Kolos Nikopol | |
List of all champions
Performance by club
The table does not include city teams that competed in the cities' championship.
| Club | Winners | Runners-up | Third Place | Winning Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SKA Kyiv | 4 | 5 | 4 | 1949, 1951, 1980, 1983 |
| Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih | 4 | – | 1 | 1971, 1975, 1976, 1981 |
| Spartak Ivano-Frankivsk | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1955, 1969, 1972 |
| SKA Odesa | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1957, 1963, 1977 |
| Tavriya Simferopol | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1973, 1985, 1987 |
| Spartak Uzhhorod | 3 | 1 | – | 1946, 1950, 1953 |
| Metalurh Zaporizhya | 3 | – | – | 1952, 1960, 1970 |
| Zorya Luhansk | 3 | – | – | 1938, 1962, 1986 |
| Nyva Vinnytsia | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1964, 1984 |
| Bukovyna Chernivtsi | 2 | 3 | – | 1982, 1988 |
| Arsenal Kyiv | 2 | 1 | – | 1954, 1958 |
| Avanhard Zhovti Vody | 2 | – | 1 | 1959, 1966 |
| Lokomotyv Zaporizhya | 2 | – | – | 1939, 1940 |
| Sudnobudivelnyk Mykolaiv | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1974 |
| Avtomobilist Zhytomyr | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1967 |
| Kolos Nikopol | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1979 |
| Metalist Kharkiv | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1978 |
| Chornomorets Odesa | 1 | 2 | – | 1961 |
| SKA Lviv | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1965 |
| Avanhard Kramatorsk | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1936 |
| Shakhtar Stakhanov | 1 | – | 1 | 1956 |
| Spartak Dnipropetrovsk | 1 | – | – | 1937 |
| Bilshovyk Mukacheve | 1 | – | – | 1947 |
| Torpedo Odesa | 1 | – | – | 1948 |
| Avanhard Ternopil | 1 | – | – | 1968 |
| Volyn Lutsk | 1 | – | – | 1989 |
| Torpedo Zaporizhya | 1 | – | – | 1990 |
| Naftovyk Okhtyrka | 1 | – | – | 1991 |
Performance by city (Cities' championship)
The 1936 championship is not included.
| Club | Winners | Runners-up | Third Place | Winning Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kharkiv | 8 | 1 | 1 | 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1927, 1928, 1932, 1934 |
| Kyiv | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1931 |
| Dnipropetrovsk | 1 | – | 1 | 1935 |
Pre-World War II teams of masters (professional clubs) in Ukraine
|
|
Post war teams of masters (professional clubs) in Ukraine before Ukrainian Class B
|
|
Teams from other republics
Moldavian teams
- Sperantsa Drokia
- Avtomobilist Tiraspol (previously as Start, Lucaferul)
- FC Nistrul Bendery
- FC Stroitel Beltsy
Belarusian teams
Russian teams
See also
Notes
- Most often and its majority represented by players of FC Dynamo Kharkiv that competed at the Kharkiv city championship
- officially named as the All-Ukrainian Dynamo Festival
- officially named as the Cup of the All-Ukrainian PST Dynamo
- officially named as the Challenge of the All-Ukrainian PST Dynamo
- officially named as the All-Ukrainian Spartakiade of Dynamo
- officially named as the Challenge of the All-Ukrainian PST Dynamo
- officially named as the Challenge of the All-Ukrainian PST Dynamo
References
- Prodan, A., Novi?chii, S., Kiriazov, M. History of one provincial team (Part 2) (История одной провинциальной команды (часть 2)). MoldFootball.com. 29 December 2010.
- Banyas, V. "Dynamo" is a power in movement («Динамо» — сила в русі). Ukrainian Premier League. 13 November 2017
- Banyas, V. "... it would be logical to merge in organization cup and championship competitions..." («…Логічно об’єднати в розіграші Кубка й чемпіонату…»). Ukrainian Premier League. 9 February 2018
- Banyas, V. About the Season's Cup in Ukraine (Про Кубок сезону в Україні). Ukrainian Premier League. 14 July 2017
External links
- Ukrainian SSR championships
- USSR football tables
- Ukrainian Football History
- All Ukrainian champions including Soviet at RSSSF
- Ukrainian quarter. 1991, first champion (Український квотер. 1991, перший чемпіон).
- Banyas, V. Movement of life, or – Dynamo! (Рух життя, або — «Динамо»!). Ukrainian Premier League. 14 September 2017
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