Gomphus (fungus)

Gomphus is a genus of cantharelloid fungi in the family Gomphaceae.[1] Once presumed to be related to chanterelles, molecular study has shown them to be allied with stinkhorns and fairy clubs. The type species of the genus is the pig's ear (G. clavatus).

For the genus of dragonfly, see Gomphus (dragonfly).

Gomphus
Gomphus clavatus
Albin Schmalfuß, 1897
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Gomphales
Family: Gomphaceae
Genus: Gomphus
Pers. (1794)
Type species
Gomphus clavatus
(Pers.) Gray (1821)
Species

See text

Christiaan Hendrik Persoon named the genus in 1797, but did not assign any species to it at the time.[2] The generic name is derived from the Greek 'γομφος' gomphos meaning 'plug' or 'large wedge-shaped nail'.[3]

Species

As of September 2015, Index Fungorum accepts 18 species of Gomphus:[4]

  • G. africanus R.H.Petersen 1976 – Africa
  • G. albidocarneus Villegas 2010 – southeastern Mexico
  • G. brasiliensis Corner 1970 – South America
  • G. brunneus (Heinem.) Corner 1966 – Mexico
  • G. calakmulensis Villegas & Cifuentes 2010 – southeastern Mexico
  • G. cavipes Corner 1970 – South America
  • G. clavatus (Pers.) Gray 1821 – Europe, North America
  • G. crassipes (L.M.Dufour) Maire 1937 – Spain and North Africa
  • G. megasporus Corner 1970 – Pakistan
  • G. ochraceus (Pat.) Singer 1945
  • G. orientalis R.H.Petersen & M.Zang 1996 – China
  • G. pleurobrunnescens Villegas & A.Kong 2010 – southeastern Mexico
  • G. szechwanensis R.H.Petersen 1972 – Tibet
  • G. thiersii R.H.Petersen 1971 – USA
  • G. yunnanensis R.H.Petersen & M.Zang 1996 – China

There are several undescribed species in the forests of Myrtle beech (Nothofagus cunninghamii) in Tasmania.[5] Bruce Fuhrer noticed in 1992 that the large and ornamented spores of these species resembled those of the genera Ramaria and Beenakia.[6]

References
  1. Giachini, Admir J.; Camelini, Carla M.; Rossi, Márcio J.; Soares, Cláudio R.F.S.; Trappe, James M. (2012). "Systematics of the Gomphales: the genus Gomphus sensu stricto". Mycotaxon. 120: 385–400. doi:10.5248/120.385.
  2. Giachini AJ, Castellano MA (2011). "A new taxonomic classification for species in Gomphus sensu lato". Mycotaxon. 115: 183–201. doi:10.5248/115.183.
  3. Liddell HJ, Scott R (1980). Greek-English Lexicon, Abridged Edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. ISBN 978-0-19-910207-5.
  4. Kirk PM. "Species Fungorum (version 26th August 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life". Retrieved 3 September 2015.
  5. Fuhrer B (2005) A Field Guide to Australian Fungi. Bloomings Books. ISBN 1-876473-51-7
  6. Fuhrer B, Robinson R (1992). Rainforest Fungi of Tasmania and Southeast Australia. CSIRO Press. ISBN 978-0-643-05311-3.


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