Goniothalamus amuyon

Goniothalamus amuyon is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to the Philippines.[1] In the provinces of Batangas and Bohol it is commonly referred to as amúyong or amúyon. In the Ilocos region and Pangasinan province it is commonly referred to as sagiát. Francisco Manuel Blanco, the Spanish Augustinian friar and botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Uvaria amuyon, named it after its Tagalog name.[2]

Goniothalamus amuyon
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Annonaceae
Genus: Goniothalamus
Species:
G. amuyon
Binomial name
Goniothalamus amuyon
Synonyms

Polyalthia sasakii Yamam.
Uvaria amuyon Blanco

Description

It is a tree reaching 3 to 15 meters in height. Its lance-shaped leaves are hairless and come to a point at their tips. The leaves are arranged in an alternate pattern. Its flowers are solitary, or sometimes in pairs, and axillary. It has 3 fleshy, green sepals. It has 6 long, greenish-yellow, fleshy petals arranged in two rows of 3. The inner petals unite to form a cone. Its flowers have more than 100 stamen with no filaments. The anthers are attached directly to the receptacle and arranged in a triangle. Its gynoecium consist of 14 to 18 pistils that lack styles. Its stigma are long, curved and ribbed. Its oval fruit are about an inch long and have 3 - 5 cinnamon colored seeds. The fruit have a mild pleasant smell.[2][3][4]

Reproductive biology

The pollen of G. amuyon is shed as permanent tetrads.[5] Seed germination in laboratory conditions has been optimized at 30°C in light for 4 weeks.[6]

Uses

It is reported as being widely used as a traditional medicine for a variety of ailments.[2] However, extracts containing bioactive molecules have been observed to have cytotoxic activity against cancer cells and teratogenic potential in studies with mice.[7]

References
  1. "Goniothalamus amuyon (Blanco) Merr". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved January 13, 2019.
  2. Blanco, Fr. Manuel (1837). Flora de Filipinas. Según el sistema de Linneo [Flora of the Philippines according to the system of Linnaeus] (in Spanish). Manila: En la imprenta de Sto. Tomás por D. Candido Lopez.
  3. Merril, E.D. (1915). "Studies on Philippine Anonaeae, I". The Philippine journal of science. 10 (4): 227–264.
  4. Brown, William H. (1919). Bulletin. Philippine Fiber Plants. Manila: Bureau of Printing.
  5. Tsou, C.-H.; Johnson, D. M. (2003). "Comparative development of aseptate and septate anthers of Annonaceae". American Journal of Botany. 90 (6): 832–848. doi:10.3732/ajb.90.6.832. ISSN 0002-9122.
  6. Chen, Shun-Ying; Tsai, Yu-Han; Baskin, Carol C.; Baskin, Jerry M.; Chien, Ching-Te (2014). "Seed dormancy and germination of the three tropical medicinal species Gomphandra luzoniensis (Stemonuraceae), Nothapodytes nimmoniana (Icacinaceae) and Goniothalamus amuyon (Annonaceae)". Seed Science Research. 25 (01): 57–63. doi:10.1017/S0960258514000385. ISSN 0960-2585.
  7. Lan, Yu-Hsuan; Chang, Fang-Rong; Liaw, Chih-Chuang; Wu, Chin-Chung; Chiang, Michael-Y; Wu, Yang-Chang (2005). "Digoniodiol, Deoxygoniopypyrone A, and Goniofupyrone A: Three New Styryllactones from Goniothalamus amuyon". Planta Medica. 71 (2): 153–159. doi:10.1055/s-2005-837783. ISSN 0032-0943.
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