Gouania lupuloides

Gouania lupuloides, known as chewstick[1] or whiteroot, is a neotropical plant of the family Rhamnaceae. It is occasionally used as a teeth cleaning implement.

Gouania lupuloides
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Rosales
Family:	Rhamnaceae
Genus:	Gouania
Species:	G. lupuloides
Binomial name
Gouania lupuloides (L.) Urb.

Description

Gouania lupuloides ranges from Mexico in the north to the top of South America in the south, and to the West Indies in the west.[2]

Gouania lupuloides is plentiful around the edges of clearings but appears only occasionally in the forest canopy. G. lupuloides flowers from November to March, usually in the early dry season; the plant does not often flower in March and rarely flowers in the rainy season. G. lupuloides can fruit as early as January, and as late as May with a peak in March and April.[2]

Uses

In Jamaican patois a vine is called a wis (wythie). To clean one's teeth with this plant one cuts off a portion of the vine, peels off the bark and chews the tip. The tip becomes fibrous and frothy. Chewstick tastes slightly bitter but not unpleasant. The plant is used to make a commercial toothpaste. Chewstick may also be used as an ingredient in Jamaican ginger beer.[3]

References

1. Kennelly, E. J.; Lewis, W. H.; Winter, R. E.; Johnson, S.; Elvin-Lewis, M.; Gossling, J. (March 1993). "Triterpenoid saponins from Gouania lupuloides". Journal of Natural Products. 56 (3): 402–410. doi:10.1021/np50093a013. ISSN 0163-3864. PMID 8482948.
2. "Gouania lupuloides". biogeodb.stri.si.edu. Retrieved 2019-02-14.
3. "Gouania lupuloides Chew Stick PFAF Plant Database". pfaf.org. Retrieved 2019-02-14.

• MEDlCINAL PLANTS OF JAMAICA. PARTS 1 & 11. By G. F. Asprey, M.Sc., Ph.D. (B'ham.), Professor of Botany, U.C.W.l. and Phyllis Thornton, B.Sc. (Liverpool), Botanist Vomiting Sickness Survey. Attached to Botany Department, U.C.W.l.