HMS Mersham (M2709)

HMS Mersham was a Ham-class minesweeper of the Royal Navy. All ships of the class were named after villages ending in -ham. The minesweeper was named after Mersham in Kent. Constructed at Appledore, in Devon, Mersham was launched in April 1954 and completed in January 1955. In April 1955, the ship was transferred to the French Navy and in French service, was known by its pennant number, M773, until it was renamed Violette in 1964. Throughout the 1950s and early 1960s, the vessel undertook minesweeping duties from Brest in Brittany, before being laid up in 1965. In 1974, the ship was transferred to the Gendarmerie and undertook patrol duties until finally being decommissioned in 1987.

History
United Kingdom
Name: HMS Mersham
Namesake: Mersham
Builder: P.K. Harris
Launched: 5 April 1954
Completed: 14 January 1955
Fate: Transferred to France, 1955
France
Name: Violette
Acquired: 1955
Stricken: 1987
General characteristics
Class and type: Ham-class minesweeper
Displacement:
  • 120 tons standard
  • 164 tons full
Length: 106 ft 6 in (32.46 m)
Beam: 22 ft (6.7 m)
Draught: 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m)
Propulsion: 2 shaft Paxman 12YHAXM diesels, 1,100 bhp (820 kW)
Speed: 14 knots (26 km/h)
Complement: 2 officers, 13 ratings
Armament: 1 × 40 mm Bofors / 20 mm Oerlikon gun
Notes: Pennant number(s): M2709 / IMS46

Design and description

In the early 1950s, the Royal Navy had a requirement for large numbers of minesweepers to counter the threat to British shipping from Soviet mines in the event of a conventional Third World War. The navy's existing minesweepers were obsolete, while the increasing sophistication of modern mines meant the mine warfare forces could not be supplemented by requisitioned fishing vessels as had been done in previous wars. Large orders were placed for coastal minesweepers (the Ton) and for smaller inshore minesweepers and minehunters intended to operate in inshore waters such as river estuaries (the Ham and Ley classes). As the navy did not have sufficient manpower to operate all the required ships in peacetime, it was planned to lay a large number up in reserve, so they could be manned by reservists (in many cases the crews of the fishing boats which would previously have been used in the same role) in time of emergency.[1][2][3] Additional ships were ordered by the United States for supply under the Mutual Defense Assistance Pact (MDAP), with 15 Ham-class minesweepers being allocated to France.[4]

Construction and service

Mersham was launched at the P. K. Harris yard at Appledore, Devon on 5 April 1954 and was completed on 14 January 1955. She was transferred to the French Navy on 4 April 1955, being initially only known by her pennant number M773, but was given the name Violette on 22 February 1964.[5][6][7]

On entering service, M773 joined the 26th Minesweeper Division based at Brest in Brittany. The minesweepers of the 26th Division were employed on clearing wartime mines, together with normal training operations. In 1958, M773, together with sister ships M772 (later named Armoise) and M789 (later named Pétunia) visited Douala in Cameroon. On 1 March 1965, Violette was laid up in reserve at Cherbourg.[7]

In the 1970s, all of the French Navy's Ham-class minesweepers were transferred to subsidiary duties as tenders or patrol boats, with five vessels transferred to the Maritime Gendarmerie, the seagoing branch of the National Gendarmerie police force. Violette was transferred to the Gendarmerie on 27 March 1974.[7][8] Violette remained in use as a patrol boat at La Pallice in 1985,[9] but was now obsolete even in the patrol role, and was decommissioned and stricken on 13 February 1987.[7]

Citations
  1. Gardiner & Chumbley 1995, pp. 480, 541
  2. Brown & Moore 2012, pp. 130–132
  3. Friedman 1987, pp. 45–46
  4. Blackman 1962, p. 283
  5. Colledge & Warlow 2006, p. 224
  6. Worth 1986, pp. 124, 134
  7. Dubey, Franck (2007). "Dragueur de mines Violette". Net-Marine (in French). Retrieved 8 June 2019.
  8. Gardiner & Chumbley 1995, p. 130
  9. Moore 1985, p. 187

References
  • Blackman, R.V.B. ed. Jane's Fighting Ships (1953)
  • Blackman, Raymond V. B. (1962). Jane's Fighting Ships 1962–63. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd.
  • Brown, David K.; Moore, George (2012). Rebuilding the Royal Navy: Warship Design Since 1945. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-150-2.
  • Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
  • Friedman, Norman (1987). "Postwar British Mine Countermeasures – and National Strategy". In Lambert, Andrew (ed.). Warship. 41. pp. 43–51.
  • Gardiner, Robert; Chumbley, Stephen, eds. (1995). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-132-7.
  • Moore, John, ed. (1985). Jane's Fighting Ships 1985–86. London: Jane's Yearbooks. ISBN 0-7106-0814-4.
  • Worth, Jack (1986). British Warships Since 1945: Part 4: Minesweepers. Liskeard, UK: Maritime Books. ISBN 0-907771-12-2.
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