HTMS Sri Ayudhya

HTMS Sri Ayudhya[lower-alpha 1] (Thai: เรือหลวงศรีอยุธยา, RTGS: Si Ayutthaya) was a coastal defence ship of the Royal Thai Navy. It was in service from 1938 to 1951, being active during the Franco-Thai war in which its sister ship HTMS Thonburi was heavily damaged in the Battle of Ko Chang. Sri Ayudhya later served as flagship of the navy until it was sunk as a result of fighting in the Manhattan Rebellion.

Port-stern view
History
Thailand
Name: HTMS Sri Ayudhya
Namesake: Kingdom of Ayutthaya
Builder: Kawasaki, Kobe, Japan
Laid down: 1936
Launched: 31 July 1937
Acquired: 16 June 1938
Commissioned: 19 July 1938
Stricken: 8 October 1959
Fate: Sank on 1 July 1951 during the Manhattan Rebellion
General characteristics
Class and type: Thonburi-class coastal defence ship
Displacement: 2,350 metric tons 
Length: 77 m (253 ft)
Beam: 13.41 m (44.0 ft)
Draft: 4.2 m (14 ft)
Propulsion:
Speed:
  • 15.8 knots (29.3 km/h; 18.2 mph) (maximum)
  • 12.2 knots (22.6 km/h; 14.0 mph) (economical)
Range:
  • 6,493 nautical miles (12,025 km; 7,472 mi) (maximum speed)
  • 11,100 nautical miles (20,600 km; 12,800 mi) (economical speed)
Complement: 234 officers and men
Armament:
Armor:
  • Main Belt: 2.5 in (63.5 mm)
  • Deck: 1 in (25 mm)
  • Turrets: 4 in (102 mm)

Construction and career

In the 1930s the Royal Siamese Navy pursued plans to upgrade and expand its limited forces. This was approved by parliament in 1935, and 18 million baht was allocated for the procurement of new equipment. In December 1935, the navy contracted the Japanese Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation of Kobe to build two coastal defence ships for 5.727 million baht. Sri Ayudhya was delivered on 16 June 1938 and commissioned on 19 July; its sister ship Thonburi followed in October that year.[1]

Identical sister ship HTMS Thonburi

When the Franco-Thai war broke out in late 1940, the navy assigned Sri Ayudhya and Thonburi to the First Squadron, tasked with patrolling the eastern waters against potential French attacks. On the night of 14 January, the group led by Thonburi set sail from Sattahip Naval Base to relieve Sri Ayudhya and its convoy, which had been stationed at the island of Ko Chang in Trat Province. They rendezvoused the following morning, and the Sri Ayudhya group returned to Sattahip. Two days later, at dawn on 17 January, Thonburi and other ships in the group were engaged by French naval forces in what became the Battle of Ko Chang.[2] Sri Ayudhya was sent to assist in the battle, but only arrived in the afternoon after hostilities had ceased.[3] However, some French reports erroneously noted that Sri Ayudhya was damaged by a torpedo during the battle.[4]

Sri Ayudhya didn't see action after World War II, although it became regarded as the flagship of the navy.[5] It served as a royal transport vessel for Kings Ananda Mahidol and Bhumibol Adulyadej during the final legs of their respective return trips from Switzerland in 1938 and 1950.[6]

Manhattan Rebellion
The heavily damaged Sri Ayudhya listing before it sank on 1 July 1951

On 29 June 1951, in a coup attempt known as the Manhattan Rebellion, a group of junior naval officers held Prime Minister Plaek Pibulsonggram (Phibun) at gunpoint during a boat-transfer ceremony at Ratchaworadit Pier on the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok. Phibun was taken aboard the Sri Ayudhya and held hostage.[5][7] General stations were called, and the ship began to make way downstream towards the Naval Ordnance Department in Bang Na. However, the coup plotters failed to secure the opening of the Memorial Bridge, and the ship thus could not continue.[7] Fighting quickly ensued, and the naval units that sided with the rebels became heavily outnumbered by the army, police and air forces, who were loyal to the government.[5][7] Fighting subsided during the night but resumed and intensified early the next morning. Sri Ayudhya joined the fight, but its engines were soon disabled and the ship became dead in the water in front of Wichaiprasit Fort. It was heavily fired upon from the eastern bank by guns and mortars, and, by afternoon, was also bombarded by AT-6 trainer planes. Heavy fires broke out, and the order was given to abandon ship.[7] Phibun had to swim ashore along with the sailors, but was uninjured.[5] The fires continued throughout the night and into the next day, when fighting ceased. The heavily damaged Sri Ayudhya finally sank in the night of 1 July.[7]

The wreck of Sri Ayudhya was later salvaged for scrap, as it had become a navigational hazard.[8] The ship was officially struck from the naval register on 8 October 1959 in Ministerial Order 350/21315.

Notes
  1. His Thai Majesty's Ship; see Ship prefix for details.

References
  1. "70th Year of HTMS Thonburi Part I - The Ship". ThaiArmedForce.com (in Thai). 17 January 2011. Archived from the original on 7 September 2013. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
  2. "70th Year of HTMS Thonburi Part II - The Fighting". ThaiArmedForce.com (in Thai). 17 January 2011. Archived from the original on 7 September 2013. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
  3. WatcharaYui (4 March 2010). "Battle of Koh Chang overview". thaigunship.blogspot.com. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
  4. "La bataille de Koh Chang (janvier 1941)". Net-Marine (in French). Retrieved 1 February 2013.
  5. Chaloemtiarana, Thak (2007). Thailand : the politics of despotic paternalism (Rev. ed.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell Southeast Asia Program. p. 41. ISBN 9780877277422.
  6. อัมระปาล, อารยา (December 2011). "เทิดไว้เหนือเกล้าฯ เหล่าราชนาวี" (PDF). นาวิกศาสตร์. 94 (12): 6–9.
  7. Fuangrabil, Krisda (May 2007). "สู่วาระสุดท้ายของเรือหลวงศรีอยุธยา: ทหารเรือกับเหตุสำคัญของบ้านเมืองในอดีต (ตอนที่ 4)" (PDF). Nawikasat. 90 (5): 6–14.
  8. Pattaragoson, Dilok (June 2007). "เรือจ้างในลำน้ำ" (PDF). Nawikasat. 90 (6): 64–72.
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