Haifanggou Formation
The Haifanggou Formation (also known as the Jiulongshan Formation) is a fossil-bearing rock deposit located near Daohugou village of Ningcheng County, in Inner Mongolia, northeastern China.
| Haifanggou Formation Stratigraphic range: Callovian-Oxfordian ~165–160 Ma | |
|---|---|
| Type | Geological formation |
| Underlies | Tiaojishan Formation |
| Overlies | Beipiao Formation (Separated by an unconformity) |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Conglomerate |
| Other | Sandstone, mudstone, shale, coal |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 41.8°N 120.8°E |
| Approximate paleocoordinates | 44.5°N 126.0°E |
| Region | Inner Mongolia |
| Country |  China |
| Type section | |
| Named for | Haifanggou |
| Named by | Liaoning Stratigraphic Group |
| Year defined | 1978 |
  Haifanggou Formation (China)  Haifanggou Formation (Inner Mongolia) | |
The formation consists of coarse conglomerates, sandstone, mudstone, and thin coal layers deposited in deltaic and lacustrine environments.
The formation dates to the Callovian of the Middle Jurassic to the Oxfordian of the Late Jurassic.[1]
Animal fossil content
Arthropods
| Insects | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Year | Abundance | Notes | Images |
| Ahirmoneura | A. neimengguensis[2] | 2008 | A tangle-veined fly | Polonica | |
| Archaboilus | A. musicus[3] | 2012 | 1 specimen | A stem-katydid | |
| Formosibittacus | F. macularis[4] | 2008 | 1 specimen | A hangingfly | |
| Jurahylobittacus | J. astictus[4] | 2008 | 1 specimen | A hangingfly | |
| Mesobunus | M. dunlopi[5] | 2012 | 1 specimen | A harvestman | |
| Mongolbittacus | M. daohugoensis[6] | 2007 | 1 specimen | A hangingfly | |
| Sinojuraphis | S. ningchengensis[7] | 2008 | An aphid | ||
| Miriholcorpa[8] | 2013 | A Mecopteran | PLoS ONE | ||
| Fortiholcorpa[8] | 2013 | A Mecopteran | PLoS ONE | ||
Vertebrates
| Genus | Species | Year | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chunerpeton[9] | C. tianyiensis | 2003 | A cryptobranchid salamander |  |
| Castorocauda[10] | C. lutrasimilis | 2006 | A docodont (early mammal) |  |
Flora
| Fossil plants | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | State | Abundance | Notes | Images |
| Schmeissneria | S. sinensis[11] | Liaoning | A possible early flowering plant | ||
| Xingxueanthus | X. sinensis[12] | Liaoning | An early flowering plant | ||
See also
- Geology of Inner Mongolia
- Jurassic Asia and Jurassic System of Asia — period's Asian prehistoric life, geological formations, fossil record
- Yixian Formation
- Callovian formations
- Tiourarén Formation, fossiliferous formation of Niger
- Qiketai, Toutunhe, Shishugou and Qigu Formations, fossiliferous formations of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang
- Oxfordian formations
- Oxford Clay, England
- Tendaguru Formation, fossiliferous formation of Tanzania
- Cañadón Calcáreo Formation, fossiliferous formation of the Cañadón Asfalto Basin, Argentina
References
- Liu, Y.; Liu, Y.; Ji, S.; Yang, Z. (2006). "U-Pb zircon age for the Daohugou Biota at Ningcheng of Inner Mongolia and comments on related issues". Chinese Science Bulletin. 51 (21): 2634–2644. Bibcode:2006ChSBu..51.2634L. doi:10.1007/s11434-006-2165-2. S2CID 96442710.
- Zhang, K.; Yang, D.; Ren, D.; Ge, F. (2008). "New Middle Jurassic tangle−veined flies from Inner Mongolia, China". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 53 (1): 161–164. doi:10.4202/app.2008.0112.
- Gu J.-J., Montealegre-Z, F., Robert, D., Engel, M.S., Qiao G.-X., and Ren D. (2012). "Wing stridulation in a Jurassic katydid (Insecta, Orthoptera) produced low-pitched musical calls to attract females." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, (advance online publication) doi:10.1073/pnas.1118372109
- Li, Y-L.; Ren, D.; Shih, C-K (2008). "Two Middle Jurassic hanging-flies (Insecta: Mecoptera: Bittacidae) from Northeast China" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1929: 38–46. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1929.1.2. ISSN 1175-5334.
- Giribet, G., et al., 2012. An exquisitely preserved harvestman (Arthropoda, Arachnida, Opiliones) from the Middle Jurassic of China. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution, 12, p.51-56.
- Petrulevicius, J. F.; Huang, D-Y.; Ren, D. (2007). "A new hangingfly (Insecta: Mecoptera: Bittacidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China" (PDF). African Invertebrates. 48 (1): 145–152.
- Huang, D.; Nel, A. (2008). "A new Middle Jurassic aphid family (Insecta: Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Sinojuraphididae fam. nov.) from Inner Mongolia, China". Palaeontology. 51 (3): 715–719. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2008.00773.x.
- Wang, Qi; Shih, Chungkun; Ren, Dong; Carrier, David (2013). "The Earliest Case of Extreme Sexual Display with Exaggerated Male Organs by Two Middle Jurassic Mecopterans". PLoS ONE. 8 (8): e71378. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...871378W. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071378. PMC 3743757. PMID 23977031.
- Gao, Ke-Qin; Shubin, Neil H. (2003). "Earliest known crown-group salamanders". Nature. 422 (6930): 424–428. Bibcode:2003Natur.422..424G. doi:10.1038/nature01491. PMID 12660782. S2CID 4411650.
- Castorocauda - Science Magazine
- Xin Wing; Shuying Duan; Baoyin Geng; Jinzhong Cui; Yong Yang (2007). "Schmeissneria: A missing link to angiosperms?". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 7: 14. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-14. PMC 1805421. PMID 17284326.
- Xin WANG; and Shijun WANG (2010). "Xingxueanthus: An Enigmatic Jurassic Seed Plant and Its Implications for the Origin of Angiospermy". Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition. 84 (1): 47–55. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2010.00169.x.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Further reading
- Liaoning Stratigraphic Group. 1978. The Stratigraphic Tables of Liaoning. Geology Press 1-296
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