Hakuba

Hakuba (白馬村, Hakuba-mura) is a village located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2019, the village had an estimated population of 9,007 in 4267 households,[1] and a population density of 48 persons per km2. The total area of the village is 189.36 square kilometres (73.11 sq mi). Hakuba is an internationally renowned ski resort town in the northern Japan Alps. As the surrounding valley has an annual snow fall of over 11 meters, it is the central hub for 10 ski resorts with more than 200 runs. The village was the main event venue for 1998 Winter Olympics (Alpine, Ski Jump, Crosscountry).

This article is about the village in Nagano Prefecture. For the professional sumo wrestler, see Hakuba Takeshi. For the Magic Kaitou character, see Magic Kaito § Saguru Hakuba.
Hakuba

白馬村
Village
Hakuba in winter
Flag
Seal
Location of Hakuba in Nagano Prefecture
Hakuba
 
Coordinates: 36°41′53″N 137°51′42.9″E
CountryJapan
RegionChūbu (Kōshin'etsu)
PrefectureNagano
DistrictKitaazumi
Area
 • Total189.36 km2 (73.11 sq mi)
Population
 (April 2019)
 • Total9,007
 • Density48/km2 (120/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+9 (Japan Standard Time)
Symbols 
• TreePrunus sargentii and Magnolia kobus
• FlowerErythronium japonicum
Phone number0261-72-5000
Address7025 Hokujo, Hakuba-mura, Kitaazumi-gun, Nagano-ken 399-9393
WebsiteOfficial website
Hakuba Village view from Happo-one
Hakuba Village Hall

Geography

Hakuba is located in a mountain basin in far northwestern Nagano Prefecture, bordered by Toyama Prefecture to the west. The 2900 meter Tateyama Mountains border the village to the west. Much of the village is within the borders of the Chūbu-Sangaku National Park.

Surrounding municipalities

Demographics

Per Japanese census data,[2] the population of Hakuba has remained relatively steady over the past 50 years.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1960 6,559—    
1970 7,421+13.1%
1960 6,923−6.7%
1970 6,292−9.1%
1980 7,131+13.3%
1990 8,356+17.2%
2000 9,492+13.6%
2010 9,207−3.0%

Climate

The village has humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa), with cold, extremely snowy winters, and warm, rainy summers. With temperatures cooled by the elevation, monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −3.0 °C (26.6 °F) in January to 22.6 °C (72.7 °F) in July.[3] Hakuba receives approximately 11 meters of snowfall annually, with most snowfall occurring in the months of January and February.[4]

Climate data for Hakuba Village
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 1.4
(34.5)		 2.2
(36.0)		 6.3
(43.3)		 14.5
(58.1)		 20.3
(68.5)		 23.4
(74.1)		 26.7
(80.1)		 28.6
(83.5)		 23.4
(74.1)		 17.5
(63.5)		 11.2
(52.2)		 4.8
(40.6)		 15.0
(59.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) −3
(27)		 −2.6
(27.3)		 0.9
(33.6)		 7.6
(45.7)		 13.4
(56.1)		 17.5
(63.5)		 21.2
(70.2)		 22.6
(72.7)		 18.1
(64.6)		 11.4
(52.5)		 5.3
(41.5)		 −0.1
(31.8)		 9.4
(48.9)
Average low °C (°F) −7.5
(18.5)		 −7.5
(18.5)		 −4
(25)		 1.7
(35.1)		 7.5
(45.5)		 12.9
(55.2)		 17.3
(63.1)		 18.4
(65.1)		 14.2
(57.6)		 6.8
(44.2)		 0.6
(33.1)		 −4.3
(24.3)		 4.7
(40.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 144.9
(5.70)		 134.9
(5.31)		 143.5
(5.65)		 118.3
(4.66)		 144.6
(5.69)		 214.9
(8.46)		 289.4
(11.39)		 170.0
(6.69)		 184.3
(7.26)		 121.5
(4.78)		 109.8
(4.32)		 128.7
(5.07)		 1,904.7
(74.99)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 220
(87)		 180
(71)		 111
(44)		 8
(3.1)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 1
(0.4)		 21
(8.3)		 132
(52)		 668
(263)
Mean monthly sunshine hours 79.7 102.1 142.0 178.1 178.4 137.7 138.0 165.1 113.7 127.0 110.8 84.6 1,554.9
Source: 気象庁[5]

History

The area of present-day Hakuba was part of ancient Shinano Province and was part of the territory controlled by Matsumoto Domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of the Edo period. Hakuba was once part of the route called the Salt Road used to bring salt and other marine products from the coast at Itoigawa in Echigo Province (now Niigata Prefecture).[4] However, much of the area was still virgin forest well into the Meiji period, and a census in 1881 counted only 31 households.

The modern village of Hakuba was established on September 30, 1956 by the merger of the villages of Hokujo and Kamishiro.

Hakuba and surrounding municipalities were impacted by a reported 6.7 magnitude earthquake on 22 November 2014. The quake hit at 10:08 pm at a depth of 5 km causing a number of residential properties to collapse and injuring at least 41 people.[6] Despite some localized road damage and a suspension of rail services on sections of the Ōito Line, there was however no major impact on hotels or ski tourism related infrastructure.[7][8]

Economy

The economy of Hakuba is heavily dependent on seasonal tourism.

Education

Hakuba has two public elementary schools and one public middle school operated by the village government. The village has one public high school operated by the Nagano Prefectural Board of Education.

Transportation

Railway

Highway

International relations

Local attractions

Surrounded by the Sea of Japan (northward), Nagano City (eastward) and the Tateyama Kurobe Dam area (southward), Hakuba is also a popular summer vacation area which offers a variety of outdoor activities at an altitude of 700–800 metres, e.g. hiking, rafting/shower climbing, paragliding, mountain bike, bird sighting etc. Other day activities to enjoy include visiting the snow monkeys, kimono experiences, Taiko drumming, traditional cooking classes, Matsumoto castle tours and more.[10]

Ski resorts
The mountains surrounding Hakuba Village in the background (Nishidake and Honindake in the foreground)

The Hakuba Valley (which also includes the neighboring city of Omachi) is home to nine resorts, including 135 lifts (inc. 5 gondolas) accessing over 200 runs that offer an expanse of terrain and at least 14 terrain parks. There are 960 hectares of skiable terrain which equates to 137 km of piste. The Hakuba ski resorts aren't interconnected via the slopes (except for Hakuba 47 and Goryu, and Cortina and Norikura), but they can be accessed off a common lift ticket and there are free shuttle buses to get around to the different ski areas. The ski resorts from north to south are: Cortina, Norikura, Tsugaike Kogen, Iwatake, Happo-One, Hakuba 47 (ja), Goryu, Sanosaka, Kashimayari, Jigatake, and Minekata is on the opposite side of the valley from the town of Hakuba.

Hakuba offers varied forms of skiing across the resorts but it is generally very well suited to beginners and intermediates with many long perfectly groomed runs and fantastic fall-line. There's also some world class back country skiing on offer.[4]

Hakuba has lessons and guiding available through both traditional Japanese ski schools and International ski schools including: Evergreen International Ski School, Happo-one Ski and Snowboard School, Hakuba Snow Sports School and Hakuba 47 Ski Academy International.[11]

References
  1. Hakuba Village official statistics(in Japanese)
  2. Hakuba population statistics
  3. Hakuba climate data
  4. Hakuba Guide. Hakuba Guide. Accessed October 15, 2017.
  5. "平年値（年・月ごとの値）". Kishōchō. Retrieved May 31, 2012.
  6. "Magnitude 6.7 quake injures at least 41 in Nagano". Japan Times. Kyodo, AP, Staff Report. 23 November 2014. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
  7. Nakamichi, Takashi (November 23, 2014). "Strong Earthquake Hits Central Japan, Destroying Buildings in Ski Town". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
  8. Kondo, Yukio. "Hakuba ski resorts quell rumors of quake damage". The Asahi Shimbun. Archived from the original on 27 November 2014. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
  9. "International Exchange". List of Affiliation Partners within Prefectures. Council of Local Authorities for International Relations (CLAIR). Archived from the original on 2 January 2017. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  10. http://hakuba.com/plan-your-trip/day-trips-new/
  11. http://hakuba.com/plan-your-trip/lessons/
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