Halszkaraptorinae

Halszkaraptorinae; Temporal range: Late Cretaceous,; 75–70 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
	Holotype specimen of Halszkaraptor escuilliei
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	Theropoda
Family:	†Unenlagiidae
Subfamily:	†Halszkaraptorinae; Cau et al., 2017
Type genus
	†Halszkaraptor escuilliei; Cau et al., 2017
Genera
	†Halszkaraptor; †Mahakala; †Hulsanpes;

Halszkaraptorinae is a basal ("primitive") subfamily of Unenlagiidae that includes the enigmatic genera Halszkaraptor, Mahakala, and Hulsanpes. A comparison of the fossils of Halszkaraptor with the bones of extant crocodilians and aquatic birds revealed evidence of a semiaquatic lifestyle.[1] The group is named after Polish paleontologist Halszka Osmólska.[2]

Description

Halszkaraptorinae is defined as the most inclusive clade that contains Halszkaraptor escuilliei but not Dromaeosaurus albertensis, Unenlagia comahuensis, Saurornithoides mongoliensis or Vultur gryphus. The subfamily is diagnosed by their long necks, proximal caudal vertebrae with oriented articular processes (projections of the vertebra fits with an adjacent vertebra) and prominent zygodiapophyseal laminae (plates of bone that form the posterior walls of each vertebra), a flattened ulna with a sharp posterior margin, ilium with a shelf-like supratrochanteric (above the trochanter of the femur) process, metacarpal III shaft transversely as thick as that of metacarpal II, a posterodistal surface on the femoral shaft with an elongate fossa bound by a lateral crest and the proximal half of metatarsal III being unconstricted and markedly convex anteriorly.[1]

Classification

The cladogram below is based on the phylogenetic analysis conducted in 2017 by Cau et al. using updated data from the Theropod Working Group in their description of Halszkaraptor.[1]

Dromaeosauridae

Halszkaraptorinae

Halszkaraptor

	Mahakala

	Hulsanpes

Shanag

	Dromaeosaurinae

	Velociraptorinae

References

Cau, A.; Beyrand, V.; Voeten, D.; Fernandez, V.; Tafforeau, P.; Stein, K.; Barsbold, R.; Tsogtbaatar, K.; Currie, P.; Godrfroit, P. (6 December 2017). "Synchrotron scanning reveals amphibious ecomorphology in a new clade of bird-like dinosaurs". Nature. 552 (7685): 395–399. doi:10.1038/nature24679. PMID 29211712.
Greshko, Michael (6 December 2017). "Duck-Like Dinosaur Is Among Oddest Fossils Yet Found". National Geographic Society. Retrieved 8 December 2017.

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[:0-1] Cau, A.; Beyrand, V.; Voeten, D.; Fernandez, V.; Tafforeau, P.; Stein, K.; Barsbold, R.; Tsogtbaatar, K.; Currie, P.; Godrfroit, P. (6 December 2017). "Synchrotron scanning reveals amphibious ecomorphology in a new clade of bird-like dinosaurs". Nature. 552 (7685): 395–399. doi:10.1038/nature24679. PMID 29211712.

[2] Greshko, Michael (6 December 2017). "Duck-Like Dinosaur Is Among Oddest Fossils Yet Found". National Geographic Society. Retrieved 8 December 2017.