Harewood, West Yorkshire

Harewood (/ˈhɛərwʊd/ HAIR-wuud) is a village, civil parish, former manor and ecclesiastical parish, in West Yorkshire, England, today in the metropolitan borough of the City of Leeds. The civil parish population at the 2011 census was 3,734.[1]

Harewood

Harewood House
Harewood
Harewood
Location within West Yorkshire
Population3,734 (2011 census)
OS grid referenceSE321449
Civil parish
  • Harewood
Metropolitan borough
Metropolitan county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townLEEDS
Postcode districtLS17
Dialling code0113
PoliceWest Yorkshire
FireWest Yorkshire
AmbulanceYorkshire
UK Parliament

Etymology

The name of Harewood is first attested in the tenth-century Rushworth Gospels manuscript, in the form æt Harawuda ('at Harewood'); it is next attested in the Domesday Book of 1086, as Hareuuode. Although consideration has been given to an origin involving the Old English word hār ('grey'), commentators agree that, as the name's present-day form suggests, the name comes from the Old English words hara ('hare') and wudu ('wood'). Thus it once meant 'wood characterised by hares'.[2]

Location

Harewood sits in the Harewood ward of Leeds City Council and Elmet and Rothwell parliamentary constituency.

The A61 from Leeds city centre to Harrogate passes through the village. The A659 from Collingham joins the A61 outside the main entrance to Harewood House (/ˈhɑːrwʊd/ HAR-wuud) to descend the slopes of the Wharfe valley before continuing towards Pool-in-Wharfedale.

Amenities
Harewood Arms

The Harewood Arms public house and hotel is opposite the entrance to the Harewood Estate.

Other facilities in the village include a medical centre, mobile library, community cafe, and a village hall.

It is the location of the UK's longest motorsport hillclimb, Harewood speed Hillclimb (pronounced HAIR-wuud). The exterior set for the soap opera Emmerdale is located in the Harewood estate.[3]

Education

Harewood C of E Primary School is a state-funded faith school which stands opposite the grounds of the Harewood estate on the A61 and was built by the estate in 1864 for estate workers' children. In 2005 and 2008 the school was awarded "outstanding" grading following Ofsted inspections.[4] The school maintains its historic links with the estate, the children regularly use its grounds and educational facilities.[5]

Gateways School is an independent private school with a sixth form. The junior school and nursery are co-educational, admitting boys and girls to age 11.

Manor

The manor of Harewood was the seat of the de Romelli family, from which it passed by marriage of the heiress Avice de Romelli to her husband William de Curcy II (d. circa 1130), feudal baron of Stoke Curcy (now Stogursey)[6] in Somerset,[7] whose grand-daughter and eventual heiress Alice de Curcy (sister and heiress of William de Curcy IV (d.1194)) married Warin FitzGerold (1167-post-1216), eldest son and heir of Henry FitzGerold (d.1174/5), Chamberlain to King Henry II. Alice's daughter and sole heiress was Margaret FitzGerold, who married Baldwin de Redvers (1200–1216), eldest son and heir apparent of William de Redvers, 5th Earl of Devon (d.1217) and father of Baldwin de Redvers, 6th Earl of Devon.[8] The eventual heiress was Isabel de Forz, eldest daughter of Baldwin de Redvers, 6th Earl of Devon (1217–1245). Her heir to the manor of Harewood was her distant cousin Warin de Lisle (d.1296)[9] of Cambridgeshire, whose paternal grand-mother was Alice FitzGerold. The De Lisle family then moved their seat to Rougemont Castle within the manor of Harewood. Warin's son was Robert de Lisle, 1st Baron Lisle (title created 1311) called "of Rougemont"[10] to distinguish his family from the unrelated Baron Lisle "of Wootton, Isle of Wight", created in 1299. The site of Rougemont Castle was abandoned in about 1366 when the Lisle family built Harewood Castle nearby, of which much of the ruined stone structure survives, also hidden in overgrown woodland. Harewood Castle itself was abandoned as a residence soon after 1600 when it was owned by Sir William Wentworth of Gawthorpe Hall. The manor of Harewood containing both ruined castles[11] was purchased in 1738 by the Lascelles family, which built there as its seat the surviving palatial 18th-century mansion known as Harewood House, still owned by the family, which was created Earl of Harewood in 1812.

Harewood House
Main article: Harewood House

Harewood House, a country house was designed by architects John Carr and Robert Adam, and built between 1759 and 1771 for Edwin Lascelles, 1st Baron Harewood. Its garden of more than 100 acres (40 ha) is set in a landscape of 1,000 acres (400 ha) designed by Lancelot "Capability" Brown.[12][13]

All Saints' Church
Main article: All Saints' Church, Harewood

All Saints' Church, the former parish church, stands to the west of the village, in the grounds of Harewood House which was built in the 18th century. The village was relocated in the late 18th century, leaving the church isolated from the village population. It is a Grade I listed building but is no longer used regularly for worship and is in the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.

Location grid

See also

References
  1. "Civil Parish population 2011". Nerighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
  2. Harry Parkin, Your City's Place-Names: Leeds, English Place-Name Society City-Names Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Names Society, 2017), p. 52.
  3. Emmerdale behind the scenes – filming locations revealed
  4. Latest OFSTED inspection report available online.
  5. Referenced at the school website Archived 27 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine.
  6. Sanders, I.J. English Baronies: A Study of their Origin and Descent 1086–1327, Oxford, 1960, p.143
  7. G. E. Cokayne, The Complete Peerage, n.s., Vol.IV, p.316, Earl of Devon
  8. G. E. Cokayne, The Complete Peerage, n.s., Vol.VIII, pp.48–9, pedigree chart re Baron Lisle
  9. G. E. Cokayne, The Complete Peerage, n.s., Vol.VIII, pp.48–9, p.71
  10. G. E. Cokayne, The Complete Peerage, n.s., Vol.VIII, pp.48–9, pedigree chart re Baron Lisle; p.71
  11. Grace Newton, The secret castles hidden away on the Harewood estate in Yorkshire, Yorkshire Post, 21 August 2019
  12. "Gardens & Grounds". Harewood House. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  13. ""Capability" Brown Timeline". Harewood House. Retrieved 5 June 2018. How big is the "Capability" Brown landscape at Harewood? His design conservatively covers 1000 acres of land.
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