Heaven & Hell (Ava Max album)

Heaven & Hell is the debut studio album by American singer Ava Max. It was released by Atlantic Records on September 18, 2020. Max recorded the album from December 2018 to 2020, where she collaborated with composers, including Cirkut, RedOne, Charlie Puth and Bonnie McKee. Musically, Heaven & Hell is a pop, dance-pop, and electropop record, which is split into two sides; the former contains anthemic sounds, while the latter incorporates darker melodies. Heaven & Hell was released to generally favorable reviews from music critics, many of whom praised the upbeat production and Max's vocal abilities, but criticized the lyrics and lack of originality. The album peaked at number two on the UK Albums Chart, and at number 27 on the US Billboard 200.

Heaven & Hell
Studio album by Ava Max
Released	September 18, 2020
Recorded	December 2018 – 2020
Genre	Pop dance-pop electropop
Length	44:45
Label	Atlantic
Producer	A Strut Cirkut Earwulf Freedo Hank Solo Jason Gill Lotus IV RedOne Shellback Trackside
Singles from Heaven & Hell
"Sweet but Psycho" Released: August 17, 2018 "So Am I" Released: March 7, 2019 "Torn" Released: August 19, 2019 "Salt" Released: December 12, 2019 "Kings & Queens" Released: March 12, 2020 "Who's Laughing Now" Released: July 30, 2020 "OMG What's Happening" Released: September 3, 2020 "Naked" Released: September 18, 2020

Background and development

Following the release of "Sweet but Psycho" in August 2018, Max toured overseas for 30 to 40 days before returning home around Christmas that same year, where she began writing for her then-untitled debut studio album.[1] In April 2019, Max first announced that she would release the album sometime during the year, discussing in an interview with Billboard that "there are some other tracks on there that are like wild cards, and there are a few that I'm being vulnerable in".[2] She recorded over a hundred songs for Heaven & Hell, which she spent several months on deciding what to include. The album was initially completed in early 2019, but was delayed in order to improve the tracklist by adding more songs and removing one.[3]

In December 2019, Max hinted that Heaven & Hell would be released in the upcoming months. She confirmed that it was in the process of being finalized,[4] but was subsequently delayed by the COVID-19 pandemic.[3] When asked about the album by MTV News shortly after the release of "Kings & Queens", she stated that the previously released singles with the exception of "Sweet but Psycho" were not included on the tracklist.[5] "So Am I", "Salt" and "Torn" eventually made the final tracklist, which Max added due to fan demand.[3][6] She also decided to include the album's introductory song "Heaven" at the start of 2020, while re-arranging each track on Heaven & Hell based on her instincts.[7]

Production and artwork

Heaven & Hell contains genres of pop,[8] dance-pop,[9] and electropop,[10] with lyrical themes of love, feminism, and resilience.[11] Max insisted on wanting an upbeat energy to the album so that it would be cohesive, reasoning that she did not want every song to sound the same. She described some songs as "very strong and empowering", while others "are a little bit more emotional".[3][12] Max refused to include a ballad on the album, as she felt that she would have to include at least four ballads without removing any dance tracks.[6][13] Cirkut, RedOne, Charlie Puth and Bonnie McKee were involved in the album's production.[14] It is split into two sides; Side A: Heaven, and Side B: Hell. The former consists of light energetic songs which serve as anthems, while the latter consists of darker and moodier melodies.[13] Max first envisioned the concept before performing at the 2019 MTV Video Music Awards, after including the album title as a lyric in the bridge of "Torn", eventually placing the song as the "purgatory" track of Heaven & Hell.[1][15]

Max enlisted creative director Charlotte Rutherford to create visuals for Heaven & Hell through direct messages, where she created the album's cover art, which contains a mirror image of Max's asymmetric blonde and orange hair in two different colors.[16][17] Max explained that she wanted it to be "pretty simple" as she used several crazy ideas in previous covers. The back cover and 12-page booklet contains photos which depict heaven being in space and hell being on earth, which she described as an "entire world that I created".[1][16] A thematic palette of orange and blue was incorporated into the album's visuals, with the colors specifically chosen by Max.[18]

Promotion

Max announced the release date and title of Heaven & Hell on July 29, 2020, which was accompanied by the release of "Who's Laughing Now" the next day.[19] A tour supporting the album was originally planned for September to October 2020 in the United States, but was cancelled due to the pandemic.[6] A launch party was virtually held on the game platform Roblox on September 25, 2020, which included a "question and answer" forum with Max, an interactive concert, and a merchandise store.[20][21] During the party, Max appeared on a large floating screen to discuss the album, before performing on a background surrounded by flashing lights and fireworks, which transformed into an animated version of hell. Over 1,156,000 players appeared at the event, which caused Roblox to consider integrating more virtual concerts on the platform.[22] Max stated in October that a deluxe edition of Heaven & Hell was planned to be released at the end of the year, acknowledging that it was in the process of being completed.[10]

Singles

"Sweet but Psycho" was released as the first single on August 17, 2018.[2] It became a breakthrough song for Max, ultimately reaching number one in 22 countries and charting at number 10 on the US Billboard Hot 100.[23][24] "So Am I" was released on March 7, 2019,[25] which peaked at number one on the Polish Airplay Top 100 and charted in the top 10 in 14 countries.[26][27] "Torn" was released on August 19, 2019,[28] where it reached the top 10 in Latvia, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia.[29] "Salt" was released as the fourth single on December 12, 2019. The song was officially released after receiving high streaming numbers on SoundCloud despite containing no prior marketing or promotion.[3] It topped the Polish Airplay Top 100 and charted within the top 10 in Austria, Finland, Germany, Norway, Russia, Ukraine, and Switzerland.[30][31]

"Kings & Queens" was released on March 12, 2020, which served as the fifth single for the album.[5] It reached the summit of the Polish Airplay Top 100 and charted in the top 20 in Austria, Finland, Germany, Norway, Switzerland, the US, and the UK.[32][33][34] "Who's Laughing Now" was released on July 30, 2020,[35] where it charted in the top five in Finland and topped the Radiomonitor chart in North Macedonia and Lithuania.[36] The seventh single "OMG What's Happening" was released on September 3, 2020.[37] "Naked" was released along with the album's release on September 18, 2020.[38][39] A music video was also released the same day, which was directed by Hannah Lux Davis.[40][41][42] "My Head & My Heart" was released as a single on November 19, 2020, and was included on the digital reissue of the album.[43]

Critical reception

Professional ratings

Review scores
Source	Rating
AllMusic	[44]
Evening Standard	[45]
The Guardian	[46]
Spectrum Culture	[47]
Us Weekly	[48]

Writing for AllMusic, Neil Z. Yeung stated that Heaven & Hell is "an expertly crafted gem", praising the album for showcasing Max's sonic range and personality.[44] Jason Lipshutz of Billboard noted that it was an "unrelentingly uptempo body of work", with several tracks containing electropop genres. He highlighted Max's vocal theatrics on "OMG What's Happening" and concluded that "Naked" had one of the best chorus introductions in 2020.[49] Writing for The Guardian, Michael Cragg praised Heaven & Hell for having an impeccable melodic infrastructure. Although he contrasted it to Katy Perry's 2020 album Smile, which The Atlantic labeled as "too complex for 2D", Cragg acknowledged that originality was not a priority for Max and stated that there was "something glorious about its dogged aversion to anything other than 2D escapism".[46] Michael Chaiken of Republican-American wrote that the medium tempo album was "very good pop music" with great hooks, comparing it to songs released early in Lady Gaga's career.[50] Writing for The National, Saeed Saeed noted that every track in Heaven & Hell contained "colossal hooks carried by oceans of synth lines and club-stomping beats", which were accompanied by Max's maximal vocals. He described Max as an "intriguing prospect" before concluding that the album was "anything but subtle".[51] Billboard staff writer Jason Lipshutz placed Heaven & Hell on its unranked listicle of The 25 Best Pop Albums of 2020, stating that Max "sounds like she's having a blast" and praised her decision to not incorporate ballads on the album.[52]

Nicholas Hautman of Us Weekly noted that the album's upbeat tracklist was presented similar to a phonograph record, where the first side was "more pop-driven and carefree", while the latter half took "a darker, moodier approach". However, he criticized the cliché lyrics in songs such as "Naked" and "Salt", insisting that the former was about "stripping away clothes", while the latter was about "crying so much that you literally run out of the electrolytes needed to form tears".[48] Writing for Spectrum Culture, Jeffrey Davies criticized the lack of innovation and individuality on Heaven & Hell, in addition to the staggered single releases from over a year ago, stating that "Who's Laughing Now" and "OMG What's Happening" were "out of place". However, he commended Max's strong vocals and artistic talent for creating a nostalgic feeling on the dance floor, noting that she was reminiscent of artists such as Paula Abdul and Taylor Dayne.[47] Helena Wadia of Evening Standard wrote that while Max was skilled at "writing catchy tunes", she criticized the album for its use of "manufactured pop" and "lyrical tropes", concluding that it "ultimately lacks personality".[45]

Commercial performance

In the United Kingdom, Heaven & Hell debuted at number two on the UK Albums Chart, where it charted for 15 weeks.[53][54] The album charted on the Norwegian VG-lista chart at number eight, eventually peaking at number two the next week.[55] It was certified triple platinum by IFPI Norway on November 9, 2020, for selling over 60,000 units in the country.[56] On the Polish Oficjalna Lista Sprzedaży (OLiS) dated October 1, 2020, Heaven & Hell debuted at the number 25 peak,[57] and was certified platinum by the Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry (ZPAV) on November 18, 2020, for sales of 20,000 units.[58]

In the United States, Heaven & Hell bowed at number 27 on the Billboard 200 for the chart dated October 3, 2020.[59] It was eventually certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on October 26, 2020, for sales of 500,000 certified units in the US.[60] On the Canadian Albums Chart, the album peaked at number 16 on the chart dated October 3, 2020.[61] It received a gold certification from Music Canada (MC) on October 20, 2020, for selling over 40,000 units in sales.[62] In Brazil, Heaven & Hell was certified platinum by Pro-Música Brasil (PMB), denoting over 40,000 sales and streaming figures.[63] On the Japanese Oricon Albums Chart, the album peaked at number 42 on the chart dated September 28, 2020.[64] In Australia, Heaven & Hell debuted on the ARIA Albums Chart at the number seven peak on the chart dated October 4, 2020.[65]

Track listing

Heaven & Hell – standard edition

No.	Title	Writer(s)	Producer(s)	Length
1.	"Heaven"	Amanda Ava Koci Henry Walter	Cirkut	1:46
2.	"Kings & Queens"	Koci Brett McLaughlin Madison Love Walter Nadir Khayat Desmond Child Mimoza Blinson Hillary Bernstein Jakke Erixon	Cirkut RedOne	2:42
3.	"Naked"	Koci Bonnie McKee Jessica Malakouti Walter Parrish Warrington Diederik van Elsas	Cirkut Trackside	3:42
4.	"Tattoo"	Koci Andreas Haukeland Elof Loelv Walter Charles Puth Jr. Jacob Kasher Hindlin	Cirkut	2:39
5.	"OMG What's Happening"	Koci Sorana Pacurar Roland Spreckley Henri Antero Salonen Walter Jason Gill	Cirkut Hank Solo Gill	2:59
6.	"Call Me Tonight"	Koci Ebba Tove Nilsson Jakob Jerlstrom Johan Schuster Love Walter	Cirkut Shellback A Strut	2:50
7.	"Born to the Night"	Koci Love Spreckley Walter Thomas Eriksen Peter Schilling	Cirkut Earwulf	3:19
8.	"Torn"	Koci Samuel Denison Martin James Lavigne Eriksen Love Walter	Cirkut	3:18
9.	"Take You to Hell"	Koci Khristian Arenada Love Walter Spreckley Maria Jane Smith Victor Thell	Cirkut	2:44
10.	"Who's Laughing Now"	Koci Jonnali Parmenius Linus Wiklund Måns Wredenberg Love Walter	Cirkut Lotus IV	3:00
11.	"Belladonna"	Koci Loelv Walter	Cirkut	3:23
12.	"Rumors"	Koci Pacurar Jonas Becker Timofei Crudu Samuel John Gray Fridolin Walcher Christoph "Shuko" Bauss Love Walter	Cirkut Freedo	3:12
13.	"So Am I"	Koci Gigi Grombacher Puth Jr.^[a] Walter Spreckley Smith Thell	Cirkut	3:04
14.	"Salt"	Koci Autumn Rowe Nicole Morier Love Walter	Cirkut	3:00
15.	"Sweet but Psycho"	Koci Haukeland William Lobban-Bean Love Walter	Cirkut	3:07
Total length:				44:45

Heaven & Hell – digital reissue

No.	Title	Writer(s)	Producer(s)	Length
1.	"My Head & My Heart"	Koci Walter Love Tia Scola Eriksen Aleksey Potekhin Sergey Zhukov	Cirkut Jonas Blue Earwulf	2:54
2.	"Heaven"	Koci Walter	Cirkut	1:46
3.	"Kings & Queens"	Koci McLaughlin Love Walter Khayat Child Blinson Bernstein Erixon	Cirkut RedOne	2:42
4.	"Naked"	Koci McKee Malakouti Walter Warrington van Elsas	Cirkut Trackside	3:42
5.	"Tattoo"	Koci Haukeland Loelv Walter Puth Jr. Hindlin	Cirkut	2:39
6.	"OMG What's Happening"	Koci Pacurar Spreckley Salonen Walter Gill	Cirkut Solo Gill	2:59
7.	"Call Me Tonight"	Koci Nilsson Jerlstrom Schuster Love Walter	Cirkut Shellback A Strut	2:50
8.	"Born to the Night"	Koci Love Spreckley Walter Eriksen Schilling	Cirkut Earwulf	3:19
9.	"Torn"	Koci Martin Lavigne Eriksen Love Walter	Cirkut	3:18
10.	"Take You to Hell"	Koci Arenada Love Walter Spreckley Smith Thell	Cirkut	2:44
11.	"Who's Laughing Now"	Koci Parmenius Wiklund Wredenberg Love Walter	Cirkut Lotus IV	3:00
12.	"Belladonna"	Koci Loelv Walter	Cirkut	3:23
13.	"Rumors"	Koci Pacurar Becker Crudu Gray Fridolin Walcher Bauss Love Walter	Cirkut Freedo	3:12
14.	"So Am I"	Koci Grombacher Puth Jr.^[a] Walter Spreckley Smith Thell	Cirkut	3:04
15.	"Salt"	Koci Rowe Morier Love Walter	Cirkut	3:00
16.	"Sweet but Psycho"	Koci Haukeland Lobban-Bean Love Walter	Cirkut	3:07
Total length:				47:39

Heaven & Hell – Japanese edition

No.	Title	Writer(s)	Producer(s)	Length
1.	"Heaven"	Koci Walter	Cirkut	1:46
2.	"Kings & Queens"	Koci McLaughlin Love Walter Khayat Child Blinson Bernstein Erixon	Cirkut RedOne	2:42
3.	"Naked"	Koci McKee Malakouti Walter Warrington van Elsas	Cirkut Trackside	3:42
4.	"Tattoo"	Koci Haukeland Loelv Walter Puth Jr. Hindlin	Cirkut	2:39
5.	"OMG What's Happening"	Koci Pacurar Spreckley Salonen Walter Gill	Cirkut Solo Gill	2:59
6.	"Call Me Tonight"	Koci Nilsson Jerlstrom Schuster Love Walter	Cirkut Shellback A Strut	2:50
7.	"Born to the Night"	Koci Love Spreckley Walter Eriksen Schilling	Cirkut Earwulf	3:19
8.	"Kings & Queens" (Acoustic)	Koci McLaughlin Love Walter Khayat Child Blinson Bernstein Erixon	Cirkut RedOne	3:08
9.	"Torn"	Koci Martin Lavigne Eriksen Love Walter	Cirkut	3:18
10.	"Take You to Hell"	Koci Arenada Love Walter Spreckley Smith Thell	Cirkut	2:44
11.	"Who's Laughing Now"	Koci Parmenius Wiklund Wredenberg Love Walter	Cirkut Lotus IV	3:00
12.	"Belladonna"	Koci Loelv Walter	Cirkut	3:23
13.	"Rumors"	Koci Pacurar Becker Crudu Gray Walcher Bauss Love Walter	Cirkut Freedo	3:12
14.	"So Am I"	Koci Grombacher Puth Jr.^[a] Walter Spreckley Smith Thell	Cirkut	3:04
15.	"Salt"	Koci Rowe Morier Love Walter	Cirkut	3:00
16.	"Sweet but Psycho"	Koci Haukeland Lobban-Bean Love Walter	Cirkut	3:07
17.	"Not Your Barbie Girl"	Koci Love Walter Claus Norreen Søren Rasted	Cirkut	3:07
18.	"So Am I" (Acoustic)	Koci Grombacher Puth Jr.^[a] Walter Spreckley Smith Thell	Cirkut	3:04
19.	"Salt" (Acoustic)	Koci Rowe Morier Love Walter	Cirkut	3:10
20.	"Sweet but Psycho" (Acoustic)	Koci Haukeland Lobban-Bean Love Walter	Cirkut	2:59
Total length:				60:13

Notes

• "Heaven" is stylized as "H.E.A.V.E.N".
• "Kings & Queens" interpolates the song "If You Were a Woman (And I Was a Man)" (1986), written by Desmond Child and performed by Bonnie Tyler.[6][66]
• "Born to the Night" interpolates the song "Major Tom (Coming Home)" (1983), written and performed by Peter Schilling.[67]
• ^{^a} On "So Am I", Charlie Puth is credited under the pseudonym Martin Sue.
• "My Head & My Heart" was added as a bonus track on November 19, 2020. It interpolates the song "Around the World (La La La La La)" (2000), written by Aleksey Potekhin, Sergey Zhukov, Alex Christensen and Peter Könemann, and performed by ATC.[43]

Charts

Weekly charts Weekly chart performance for Heaven & Hell Chart (2020) Peak position Australian Albums (ARIA)[65] 7 Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)[68] 6 Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders)[69] 7 Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)[70] 14 Canadian Albums (Billboard)[61] 16 Czech Albums (ČNS IFPI)[71] 5 Danish Albums (Hitlisten)[72] 16 Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)[73] 6 Finnish Albums (Suomen virallinen lista)[74] 6 French Albums (SNEP)[75] 14 German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)[76] 7 Hungarian Albums (MAHASZ)[77] 2 Icelandic Albums (Tónlist)[78] 28 Irish Albums (OCC)[79] 17 Italian Albums (FIMI)[80] 28 Japan Hot Albums (Billboard Japan)[81] 20 Japanese Albums (Oricon)[64] 42 Lithuanian Albums (AGATA)[82] 10 New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)[83] 20 Norwegian Albums (VG-lista)[55] 2 Polish Albums (ZPAV)[57] 25 Scottish Albums (OCC)[84] 4 Slovak Albums (ČNS IFPI)[85] 4 Spanish Albums (PROMUSICAE)[86] 8 Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)[87] 7 Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade)[88] 5 UK Albums (OCC)[53] 2 US Billboard 200[59] 27

Year-end charts Year-end chart performance for Heaven & Hell Chart (2020) Position Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders)[89] 140 Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)[90] 61 Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade)[91] 83

Certifications

Certifications and sales for Heaven & Hell

Region	Certification	Certified units/sales
Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[63]	Platinum	40,000
Canada (Music Canada)[62]	Gold	40,000
Norway (IFPI Norway)[56]	3× Platinum	60,000^*
Poland (ZPAV)[58]	Platinum	20,000
United States (RIAA)[60]	Gold	500,000
^* Sales figures based on certification alone. Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

Release dates and formats for Heaven & Hell

Region	Date	Format(s)	Label	Ref.
Various	September 18, 2020	Digital download streaming CD cassette tape	Atlantic	[92][93][94][95]
Europe	December 18, 2020	LP		[96]
Japan	January 13, 2021	CD	Warner Music Japan	[97][98]
Various	February 12, 2021	LP	Atlantic	[99]

References

1. Ju, Shirley (September 8, 2020). "Ava Max / Making Anthemic Music". Flaunt. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved September 10, 2020.
2. Caulfield, Keith (April 2, 2019). "Ava Max Talks 'Mind-Blowing' Rise of 'Sweet but Psycho,' Debut Album Plans & Why 'No One's Better' Than Beyonce". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 3, 2019. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
3. Wang, Steffanee (July 30, 2020). "Ava Max On "Who's Laughing Now" & Getting Revenge On Those Who Doubted Her". Nylon. Archived from the original on August 1, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
4. Newsdesk (December 9, 2019). "Ava Max's debut album is 'pretty much finished'". Music-News.com. Archived from the original on December 9, 2019. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
5. Rothman, Madeline (March 12, 2020). "Ava Max Breaks Down 'Kings & Queens,' Her Empowering Call To Arms". MTV News. Archived from the original on August 21, 2020. Retrieved July 29, 2020.
6. Lipshutz, Jason; Caulfield, Keith (September 15, 2020). "Ava Max Had Doubts About Her Pop Career: 'I Never Thought I Would Make It Through'". Billboard. Archived from the original on September 16, 2020. Retrieved September 16, 2020.
7. Tan, Vanessa (September 18, 2020). "'It resembles everything I've gone through.' Ava Max talks debut album Heaven and Hell, her dream K-pop collaborations, and coping with COVID-19". Bandwagon. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
8. Benjamin, Mark (October 15, 2020). "Ava Max Talks Fashion, Stalkers, and a Christmas Surprise". Rain Magazine. Archived from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
9. Ching, Stephanie Joy (September 28, 2020). "Through 'Heaven And Hell' | Ava Max on her engaging brand of electropop". BusinessMirror. Archived from the original on October 9, 2020. Retrieved October 2, 2020.
10. Hosken, Patrick (October 12, 2020). "Ava Max Powered Through Heaven And Hell With Pasta And Late-Night Dancing". MTV News. Archived from the original on October 15, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
11. Rosa, Christopher (November 9, 2020). "Ava Max Is Turning Her Pain Into Pop". Glamour. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved November 10, 2020.
12. "Ava Max's debut album is 'pretty much finished'". MSN. December 9, 2019. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved July 29, 2020.
13. Mier, Tomás (September 18, 2020). "Ava Max Releases Empowering Album Heaven & Hell, Talks Ascent to Success: 'I Finally Made It'". People. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
14. Levy, Piet (September 15, 2020). "Following 'Sweet but Psycho' success, Ava Max ready to conquer the pop world with debut album 'Heaven & Hell'". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Archived from the original on September 16, 2020. Retrieved September 16, 2020.
15. Bhatt, Prakruti (September 17, 2020). "'It's been an evolution': Ava Max explores the depths of 'Heaven & Hell' with much-anticipated debut album". Ahmedabad Mirror. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
16. Wallock, Matt (September 18, 2020). "Go Inside Ava Max's 'Heaven & Hell'". American Songwriter. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
17. Wass, Mike (July 29, 2020). "Ava Max Unveils Cover Of Debut Album 'Heaven & Hell'". Idolator. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
18. Soo Hoo, Fawnia (September 24, 2020). "How I Shop: Ava Max". Fashionista. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
19. Celebretainment (July 31, 2020). "Ava Max to drop debut album in September". Martinsville Bulletin. Archived from the original on August 9, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
20. Webster, Andrew (September 24, 2020). "Pop star Ava Max will hold an album launch party in Roblox". The Verge. Archived from the original on September 25, 2020. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
21. Spangler, Todd (September 24, 2020). "Ava Max to Host 'Heaven & Hell' Album Launch Party on Roblox". Variety. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
22. Webster, Andrew (October 5, 2020). "Roblox has big plans for virtual music events". The Verge. Archived from the original on October 8, 2020. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
23. "Ava Max - Sweet but Psycho". Hung Medien. Archived from the original on January 5, 2019. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
24. Trust, Gary (May 28, 2019). "Lil Nas X's 'Old Town Road' Rules Billboard Hot 100 for Eighth Week, Ava Max's 'Sweet but Psycho' Hits Top 10". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 28, 2019. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
25. Wass, Mike (March 4, 2019). "Another Smash? Ava Max Announces New Single 'So Am I'". Idolator. Archived from the original on August 20, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
26. "Listy bestsellerów, wyróżnienia :: Związek Producentów Audio-Video". Polish Airplay Top 100. Archived from the original on July 23, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
27. "Ava Max - So Am I". Hung Medien. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
28. "Ava Max Unleashes New Disco-Tinged Single 'Torn'". BroadwayWorld. August 19, 2019. Archived from the original on August 20, 2019. Retrieved August 21, 2019.
29. "Ava Max - Torn". Hung Medien. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
30. "Listy bestsellerów, wyróżnienia :: Związek Producentów Audio-Video". Polish Airplay Top 100. Archived from the original on June 6, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
31. "Ava Max - Salt". Hung Medien. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
32. "Listy bestsellerów, wyróżnienia :: Związek Producentów Audio-Video". Polish Airplay Top 100. Archived from the original on July 7, 2020. Retrieved August 17, 2020.
33. "Ava Max - Kings & Queens". Hung Medien. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
34. "Ava Max | Billboard | Kings & Queens". Billboard. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
35. Mamo, Heran (July 30, 2020). "Ava Max Seeks Sweet But Psychotic Revenge in 'Who's Laughing Now' Music Video". Billboard. Archived from the original on September 17, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
36. "Ava Max - Who's Laughing Now". Hung Medien. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved August 17, 2020.
37. "OMG, What's Happening, Ava Max annonce un nouveau single !" [OMG, What's Happening, Ava Max announces a new single!]. Virgin Radio (France) (in French). September 3, 2020. Archived from the original on September 3, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
38. Slater, Bailey (September 18, 2020). "Lady Gaga, Flohio and Ava Max go HARD in this week's Wonderlist". Wonderland. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
39. Francisco, Vitor (September 18, 2020). "Ava Max embarca em dualidade no álbum 'Heaven & Hell', que já chega com clipe para 'Naked'" [Ava Max embarks on duality on the album 'Heaven & Hell', which arrives with a clip for 'Naked']. PapelPop (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
40. Wass, Mike (September 18, 2020). "Ava Max Drops Debut LP, Unveils "Naked" Video". Idolator. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
41. "Ava Max lança seu álbum de estreia 'Heaven & Hell'" [Ava Max releases her debut album 'Heaven & Hell'] (in Portuguese). Terra. September 19, 2020. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved September 20, 2020.
42. Moral, Selene (September 18, 2020). "Ava Max Se Desnuda Para 'Naked': Mira El Vídeo y la Letra" [Ava Max Strips Naked For 'Naked': Watch The Video And Lyrics] (in Spanish). Los 40. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved September 20, 2020.
43. Shaffer, Claire (November 19, 2020). "Ava Max Interpolates ATC in New Song 'My Head and My Heart'". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved November 19, 2020.
44. Yeung, Neil Z. "Heaven & Hell - Ava Max". AllMusic. Archived from the original on October 30, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
45. Wadia, Helena (September 18, 2020). "Ava Max - Heaven & Hell review: Catchy tunes, but manufactured pop lyrics lack personality". Evening Standard. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
46. Cragg, Michael (September 18, 2020). "Ava Max: Heaven & Hell review – turbo-charged 2010s pop joy". The Guardian. Archived from the original on September 18, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
47. Davies, Jeffrey (September 27, 2020). "Ava Max: Heaven & Hell". Spectrum Culture. Archived from the original on October 8, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.
48. Hautman, Nicholas (September 17, 2020). "Ava Max Shows Promise on Anthem-Filled Debut Album 'Heaven & Hell': Review". Us Weekly. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
49. Lipshutz, Jason (September 18, 2020). "First Stream: New Music From Justin Bieber & Chance The Rapper, Sam Smith, Anitta & Cardi B". Billboard. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved September 20, 2020.
50. Chaiken, Michael (October 7, 2020). "Boomer's Guide: Ava's Gaga-esque to the Max". Republican-American. Archived from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
51. Saeed, Saeed (October 9, 2020). "'It is inspirational': singer Ava Max on why pop music will never die". The National. Archived from the original on October 16, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
52. Lipshutz, Jason (December 14, 2020). "The 25 Best Pop Albums of 2020: Staff Picks". Billboard. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
53. "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
54. Copsey, Rob (September 25, 2020). "Pop Smoke's Shoot For The Stars, Aim For The Moon claims "bittersweet" Number 1 on Official UK Albums Chart". Official Charts Company. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
55. "Norwegiancharts.com – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
56. "Norwegian album certifications – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell" (in Norwegian). IFPI Norway. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
57. "Oficjalna lista sprzedaży :: OLiS - Official Retail Sales Chart". OLiS. Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry. Retrieved October 1, 2020.
58. "Polish album certifications – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell" (in Polish). Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry. Retrieved November 18, 2020.
59. "Ava Max Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved September 29, 2020.
60. "American album certifications – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell". Recording Industry Association of America. October 26, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2020. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Album, then click SEARCH. 
61. "Ava Max Chart History (Canadian Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved September 29, 2020.
62. "Canadian album certifications – Ava Max – Heaven and Hell". Music Canada. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
63. "Brazilian album certifications – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell" (in Portuguese). Pro-Música Brasil. Retrieved October 26, 2020.
64. "週間 合算アルバムランキング". Oricon (in Japanese). Archived from the original on September 23, 2020. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
65. "Australiancharts.com – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
66. Chinikidiadi, Andrew (March 17, 2020). "Ava Max Reigns With Her Feminist Anthem "Kings & Queens"". Soundigest. Archived from the original on June 30, 2020. Retrieved August 10, 2020.
67. Heaven & Hell (liner notes). Ava Max. Atlantic Records. 2020. 07567864727.CS1 maint: others (link)
68. "Austriancharts.at – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell" (in German). Hung Medien. Retrieved September 30, 2020.
69. "Ultratop.be – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
70. "Ultratop.be – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell" (in French). Hung Medien. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
71. "Czech Albums – Top 100". ČNS IFPI. Note: On the chart page, select 202041 on the field besides the word "Zobrazit", and then click over the word to retrieve the correct chart data. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
72. "Hitlisten.NU – Album Top-40 Uge 39, 2020". Hitlisten. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
73. "Dutchcharts.nl – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
74. "Ava Max: Heaven & Hell" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
75. "Lescharts.com – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
76. "Offiziellecharts.de – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell" (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
77. "Album Top 40 slágerlista – 2020. 40. hét" (in Hungarian). MAHASZ. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
78. "Tonlistinn Vika 41 – 2020" (in Icelandic). Tonlistinn. Archived from the original on October 15, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
79. "Official Irish Albums Chart Top 50". Official Charts Company. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
80. "Italiancharts.com – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
81. "Heaven & Hell on Billboard Japan Hot Albums". Billboard Japan (in Japanese). Archived from the original on September 24, 2020. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
82. "2020 40-os savaitės klausomiausi (TOP 100)" (in Lithuanian). AGATA. October 2, 2020. Archived from the original on October 2, 2020. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
83. "Charts.nz – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell". Hung Medien. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
84. "Official Scottish Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
85. "SK - Albums Top 100" (in Czech). International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
86. "Top 100 Albumes – Semana 39: del 18.9.2020 al 24.9.2020" (in Spanish). Productores de Música de España. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2020.
87. "Swedishcharts.com – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
88. "Swisscharts.com – Ava Max – Heaven & Hell". Hung Medien. Retrieved September 30, 2020.
89. "Jaaroverzichten 2020". Ultratop. Retrieved December 18, 2020.
90. "Jaaroverzichten – Album 2020" (in Dutch). MegaCharts. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
91. "Schweizer Jahreshitparade 2020". hitparade.ch. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
92. Citations regarding the release of the standard edition:
    • "Heaven & Hell". Apple Music (US). Archived from the original on September 4, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
    • "Heaven & Hell". Apple Music (GB). Archived from the original on September 15, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
    • "Heaven & Hell". Apple Music (AU). Archived from the original on September 15, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
93. Citations regarding the release of the digital reissue:
    • "Heaven & Hell". Apple Music (US). Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
    • "Heaven & Hell". Apple Music (GB). Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
    • "Heaven & Hell". Apple Music (AU). Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
94. "Heaven & Hell CD". Ava Max Official Store. Archived from the original on August 12, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2020.
95. "Ava Max "Heaven & Hell" Blue Cassette with Signed Insert". Ava Max Official Store. Archived from the original on September 6, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2020.
96. "Heaven And Hell Orange Vinyl". Warner Music Eurostore. Retrieved December 2, 2020.
97. "Ava Max / エイバ・マックス「HEAVEN & HELL / ヘヴン & ヘル」 | Warner Music Japan". ワーナーミュージック・ジャパン | Warner Music Japan (in Japanese). Retrieved January 15, 2021.
98. "Heaven & Hell" (in Japanese). CD Japan. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved November 11, 2020.
99. Citations regarding the release of the LP:
    • "Heaven & Hell (Vinyl)". Amazon (CA). Retrieved November 20, 2020.
    • "Heaven & Hell (Blue Transparent Colored Vinyl)". Amazon (US). Retrieved January 6, 2021.
    • "Heaven & Hell [Curacao Transparent Vinyl]". Amazon (GB). Retrieved January 6, 2021.