Hitara

Hitara (喜塔臘/喜塔腊, pinyin: Xitala), earlier known as Hitan (溪滩氏, pinyin: xitanshi), was a clan of Manchu nobility belonging to the Manchu Plain White Banner. Due to the marriage of Empress Xuan to the Jurchen chieftain Taksi, the clan was called "Old Maiden House". Their ancestral homes were located in the Changbai Mountains, Niyaman Mountains and Dong'e valley, from the beginning of Ming dynasty.[1] After the demise of the Qing dynasty, descendants of this clan changed their surnames to Zhao (赵), Tu (图), Wen (文), Qi (齐/祁), Sun (孙), Zhu (祝), Xi (希/喜/奚), Liu (刘), Xian (线) and other names.[2]

Notable figures

Males
  • Bayan (巴颜)[1]
    • Jindou (金都)
      • Gudou (古都), father of Empress Zhi
        • Cancha (参察)
          • A'gu (阿古), father of Empress Xuan
  • Sabitu (萨璧图)
  • Kuli（库理)
  • Laibao (来保), a member of Grand Council of State, a secretary in the Ministry of Public Works and a Grand Secretary of Wuying hall
  • Chang'an (常安)
    • He'erjing'e (和爾經額/和尔经额), served as a second rank literary official (總管/总管, pinyin:zongguan) in the Imperial Household Department and a second rank military official (副都統/副都统，pinyin: fudutong), and held the title of a third class Cheng'en duke (三等公)
      • Shengzhu (盛住)
      • Mengzhu (孟住)[3]
  • Yulu (裕录), served as second class military official and governor of Anhui.
    • Xichen (熙臣)
    • Xiyuan (熙元), served as a Shujishi in 1889[4]

Prince Consorts
Year Prince Princess Issue
Chongduan Zaitong, Yihui's third daughter by Gu Taiqing

Females
Imperial Consorts
Imperial Consort Emperor Sons Daughters
Empress Zhi (直皇后) Fuman (福满)[5]
Emeci (額穆齊/额穆齐, pinyin:Emuqi), Empress Xuan (宣皇后; d. 1569)[6] Taksi 1.Nurhaci(努爾哈赤/努尔哈赤; 8 April 1559 – 30 September 1626)

3.Šurhaci, Prince Zhuang of the First Rank (莊親王 舒爾哈齊/庄亲王 舒尔哈齐; 1564 – 25 September 1611)
4.Yarhaci, Prince Tongda of the Second Rank (通達郡王 雅爾哈齊/通达郡王 雅尔哈齐; 1565–1589)

Princess of the Second Rank (和碩公主; d. 23 October 1624)
Empress Xiaoshurui (2 October 1760 – 5 March 1797) Jiaqing Daoguang Emperor (1782-1850) 2.NN
4.Princess Zhuangjing of the First Rank (固伦庄静公主;1784-1811)[7]
  • Yulu, a Governor of Anhui
  • A photograph of Yulu
  • Empress Xiaoshurui
  • Hitara Xiyuan, Yulu's son and professor in Hanlin academy

References
  1. 刘 /Liu, 庆华/Qinghua (2010). 《满族家谱序评注》/"Genealogy of manchu clans". Liaoning public press. p. 1.
  2. 赵/Zhao, 力/Li (2012). 《满族姓氏寻根词典》/ "Dictionary of Manchu Surnames". 辽宁民族出版社/Liaoning public press. p. 310.
  3. 《乙卯进贺兼谢恩行首译李镇复闻见事件》.
  4. 《大清德宗同天崇运大中至正经文纬武仁孝睿智端俭宽勤景皇帝实录》/ "The Chronicles of emperor Dezong of Great Qing".
  5. Peterson, Willard J. (2002). The Cambridge History of China (PDF) 9. Cambridge University Press. p. 28.
  6. 今西春秋譯/ Jinxichun qiuduo. 《滿和對譯滿洲實錄》/ "Chronicles of Manchuria"，Vol. 1. p. 12.
  7. Zhao, Erxun (1928). “Draft History of Qing" Volume 214.


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