Plain White Banner
The Plain White Banner (Chinese: 正白旗; pinyin: Zhèng Bái Qí) was one of the Eight Banners of Manchu military and society during the Later Jin and Qing dynasty of China. It was one of the three "upper" banners (Plain Yellow Banner, Bordered Yellow Banner, and Plain White Banner) directly controlled by the emperor, as opposed to the other five "lower" banners.[1][2] The Hoise Niru was a military unit associated with the Plain White Banner. Members included:
| Plain White Banner | |
|---|---|
 Plain White Banner | |
| Active | 1615 – 1911 |
| Country | Later Jin.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Qing dynasty |
| Part of | Eight Banners |
| Commander | the Emperor |
Notable Members
Notable clans
Bibliography
- Elliott, Mark C. (2001), The Manchu Way: The Eight Banners and Ethnic Identity in Late Imperial China, Stanford University Press, ISBN 9780804746847
- Wakeman Jr., Frederic (1985), The Great Enterprise: The Manchu Reconstruction of Imperial Order in Seventeenth-century China, Berkeley: University of California Press, ISBN 0520048040
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