Hokkaido proportional representation block
The Hokkaidō proportional representation block (比例[代表]北海道ブロック, Hirei [daihyō] Hokkaidō burokku) or in official usage the "Hokkaidō electoral district" (北海道選挙区, Hokkaidō senkyo-ku) is one of eleven proportional representation (PR) blocks for the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan. It consists of Hokkaidō and is one of two PR blocks that covers only one prefecture, the other being Tokyo. Following the introduction of proportional voting, it elected nine representatives in the election of 1996. Since 2000, the Hokkaidō PR block has been represented by eight representatives.
| Hokkaidō Proportional Representation Block | |
|---|---|
| Parliamentary constituency for the Japanese House of Representatives | |
 Map of House of Representatives proportional blocks, with an arrow pointing to the Hokkaidō block | |
| Prefecture | Hokkaidō |
| Electorate | 4,537,448 |
| Current constituency | |
| Created | 1994 |
| Number of members | Eight |
Summary of results
With eight seats, Hokkaidō is the second-smallest PR block (Shikoku has only six seats), and the vote share needed to gain a seat is usually above ten percent. In 2000, when the combined vote of the two major parties reached a low of 56.8%, the Social Democratic Party managed to obtain a seat with only 8.9% of the vote (for a detailed explanation, see D'Hondt method).
In addition to the five national parties that emerged from the party realignments of the 1990s, the regionalist one-man party New Party Daichi has become a contender for PR seats in Hokkaidō. In the first three elections in which it fielded candidates, it managed to obtain the third-largest vote share and one seat. In 2012, the Liberal Democratic Party became first party in the Hokkaidō proportional election for the first time, and has narrowly held onto that position in 2014 and 2017.
| general election | LDP | DPJ ('96–'14)/ CDPJ ('17) |
Kōmeitō | JCP | SDP | NPD | NFP ('96)/LP ('00)/ TPJ ('12)/LP ('17) |
JRP ('12)/JIP ('14)/ JRP ('17) |
YP ('12)/ Kibō ('17) |
Others | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | |
| 1996 | 740,677 | 28.2 | 3 | 835,042 | 31.8 | 3 | – | 396,923 | 15.1 | 1 | – | – | 552,847 | 21.1 | 2 | – | – | 100,807 | 3.8 | 0 | ||||||||||
| 2000 | 735,318 | 25.6 | 2 | 898,678 | 31.2 | 3 | 368,198 | 12.8 | 1 | 365,061 | 12.7 | 1 | 255,319 | 8.9 | 1 | – | 236,301 | 8.2 | 0 | – | – | 17,987 | 0.6 | 0 | ||||||
| 2003 | 876,653 | 31.0 | 3 | 1,153,471 | 40.8 | 4 | 394,843 | 14.0 | 1 | 253,442 | 9.0 | 0 | 147,146 | 5.2 | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | ||||||||||
| 2005 | 940,705 | 29.1 | 3 | 1,090,727 | 33.8 | 3 | 368,552 | 11.4 | 1 | 241,371 | 7.5 | 0 | 152,646 | 4.7 | 0 | 433,938 | 13.4 | 1 | – | – | – | – | ||||||||
| 2009 | 805,895 | 24.2 | 2 | 1,348,318 | 40.6 | 4 | 354,886 | 10.7 | 1 | 241,345 | 7.3 | 0 | 113,562 | 3.4 | 0 | 433,122 | 13.0 | 1 | – | – | – | 27,675 | 0.8 | 0 | ||||||
| 2012 | 692,304 | 26.4 | 3 | 477,356 | 18.2 | 2 | 289,011 | 11.0 | 1 | 182,968 | 7.0 | 0 | 48,351 | 1.8 | 0 | 346,848 | 13.2 | 1 | 81,838 | 3.1 | 0 | 333,760 | 12.7 | 1 | 155,522 | 5.9 | 0 | 10,506 | 0.4 | 0 |
| 2014 | 744,748 | 29.8 | 3 | 688,922 | 27.6 | 2 | 307,534 | 12.3 | 1 | 302,251 | 12.1 | 1 | 53,604 | 2.1 | 0 | – | – | 247,342 | 9.9 | 1 | – | 155,463 | 6.2 | 0 | ||||||
| 2017[1] | 779,903 | 28.8 | 3 | 714,032 | 26.4 | 3 | 298,573 | 11.0 | 1 | 230,316 | 8.5 | 0 | 37,374 | 1.4 | 0 | 226,552 | 8.4 | 0 | – | 74,701 | 2.8 | 0 | 331,463 | 12.2 | 1 | 13,983 | 0.5 | 0 | ||
Party names are abbreviated as follows (format: abbreviation, translated name, Japanese name, Engrish name):
- DPJ "Democratic Party", Minshutō, Democratic Party
- LDP Liberal Democratic Party, Jiyūminshutō
- Kōmeitō "Justice Party", Kōmeitō, New Justice Party Party
- JCP Japanese Communist Party, Nihon Kyōsantō
- SDP Social Democratic Party, Shakaiminshutō
- NFP New Frontier Party, Shinshintō
- LP Liberal Party, Jiyūtō
- HRP Happiness Realization Party, Kōfuku-jitsugen-tō
- Honshitsu "New Party 'The Essential'", Shintō Honshitsu
List of representatives
Recent results
2017
- #: List rank assigned by the party
- District column: For double candidates who concurrently ran in a single-member electoral district, the district column contains the electoral district where they stood and the sekihairitsu (lit. "narrow defeat ratio"), the ratio of margin of defeat. It determines the ranking of candidates who are put on the same list rank by their party.
- (in parentheses): Double candidates who are not eligible for election in the proportional block either because they won their district races or were disqualified for having received less than 10% of the vote in the district race (the same threshold as for losing the deposit in the single-member district election)
| # | Candidate | District | Status | # | Candidate | District | Status | # | Candidate | District | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDP: 779,903 votes (28.8%), 3 seats | CDP: 714,032 votes (26.4%), 3 seats | Kibō: 331,463 votes (12.2%), 1 seat | |||||||||
| 1 | Kōichi Watanabe | – | Elected | 1 | Hiroshi Kamiya | Hokkaidō 10 (99.4%) | Elected | 1 | Tatsumaru Yamaoka | Hokkaidō 9 (81.2%) | Elected |
| 2 | Takako Suzuki | – | Elected | Maki Ikeda | Hokkaidō 5 (95.3%) | Elected | Kenkō Matsuki | Hokkaidō 2 (70.9%) | |||
| 3 | Toshimitsu Funahashi | Hokkaidō 1 (87.0%) | Elected | Hiranao Honda | Hokkaidō 4 (87.1%) | Elected | Mika Mizukami | Hokkaidō 12 (60.1%) | |||
| Hirohisa Takagi | Hokkaidō 3 (83.9%) | (Daiki Michishita) | Hokkaidō 1 (won) | Miho Takahashi | Hokkaidō 4 (30.6%) | ||||||
| Hiroshi Imazu | Hokkaidō 6 (83.5%) | (Satoshi Arai) | Hokkaidō 3 (won) | 5 | Kazuko Aoki | – | |||||
| Yūko Nakagawa | Hokkaidō 11 (83.5%) | (Kaori Ishikawa) | Hokkaidō 11 (won) | 6 | Shinji Miyoshi | – | |||||
| Kazuo Maeda | Hokkaidō 8 (80.4%) | 7 | Maya Yamazaki | – | JCP: 230,316 votes (8.5%), 0 seats | ||||||
| (Takamori Yoshikawa) | Hokkaidō 2 (won) | NPD: 226,552 votes (8.4%), 0 seats | 1 | Kazuya Hatayama | – | ||||||
| (Hiroyuki Nakamura) | Hokkaidō 4 (won) | 1 | Muneo Suzuki | – | 2 | Ryūji Kawabe | – | ||||
| (Yoshiaki Wada) | Hokkaidō 5 (won) | 2 | Chisato Abe | – | 3 | Masatoshi Kanekura | Hokkaidō 2 (50.2%) | ||||
| (Yoshitaka Itō) | Hokkaidō 7 (won) | JRP: 74,701 votes (2.8%), 0 seats | 4 | Katsumi Honma | – | ||||||
| (Manabu Horii) | Hokkaidō 9 (won) | 1 | (Yasufumi Kowada) | Hokkaidō 2 (20.6%) | 2 | Akiko Hondō | – | ||||
| (Arata Takebe) | Hokkaidō 12 (won) | 2 | Akira Satō | – | HRP: 13,983 votes (0.5%), 0 seats | ||||||
| 14 | Seiichi Shimizu | – | SDP: 53,604 votes (2.1%), 0 seats | 1 | Hiroshi Noichi | – | |||||
| 15 | Chikako Kanazawa | – | 1 | Kinuko Toyomaki | – | 2 | Hideo Nakajima | – | |||
| Kōmeitō: 298,573 votes (11.0%), 1 seat | |||||||||||
| 1 | Hidemichi Satō | – | Elected | ||||||||
| 2 | Hisayuki Takeda | – | |||||||||
2014
- #: List rank assigned by the party
- District column: For double candidates who concurrently ran in a single-member electoral district, the district column contains the electoral district where they stood and the sekihairitsu (lit. "narrow defeat ratio"), the ratio of margin of defeat. It determines the ranking of candidates who are put on the same list rank by their party.
- (in parentheses): Double candidates who are not eligible for election in the proportional block either because they won their district races or were disqualified for having received less than 10% of the vote in the district race (the same threshold as for losing the deposit in the single-member district election)
| # | Candidate | District | Status | # | Candidate | District | Status | # | Candidate | District | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDP: 744,748 votes (29.8%), 3 seats | DPJ: 688,922 votes (27.6%), 2 seats | Kōmeitō: 307,534 votes (12.3%), 1 seat | |||||||||
| 1 | Kōichi Watanabe | – | Elected | 1 | Takako Suzuki | Hokkaidō 7 (99.7%) | Elected | 1 | Hidemichi Satō | – | Elected |
| 2 | (Takamori Yoshikawa) | Hokkaidō 2 (won) | 2 | (Takahiro Yokomichi) | Hokkaidō 1 (won) | 2 | Hisayuki Takeda | – | – | ||
| (Hirohisa Takagi) | Hokkaidō 3 (won) | (Takahiro Sasaki) | Hokkaidō 6 (won) | JCP: 302,251 votes (12.1%), 1 seat | |||||||
| (Hiroyuki Nakamura) | Hokkaidō 4 (won) | (Seiji Ōsaka) | Hokkaidō 8 (won) | 1 | Kazuya Hatayama | – | Elected | ||||
| (Nobutaka Machimura) | Hokkaidō 5 (won) | Satoshi Arai | Hokkaidō 3 (92.3%) | Elected | 2 | Masatoshi Kanakura | Hokkaidō 2 (40.9%) | – | |||
| (Yoshitaka Itō) | Hokkaidō 7 (won) | Yoshio Hachiro | Hokkaidō 4 (90.1%) | – | JIP: 247,342 votes (9.9%), 1 seat | ||||||
| (Manabu Horii) | Hokkaidō 9 (won) | Tatsumaru Yamaoka | Hokkaidō 9 (88.1%) | – | 1 | Kenkō Matsuki | Hokkaidō 2 (63.5%) | Elected | |||
| (Yūko Nakagawa) | Hokkaidō 11 (won) | Hiroshi Kamiya | Hokkaidō 10 (82.1%) | – | Yasufumi Kowada | Hokkaidō 3 (28.2%) | – | ||||
| (Arata Takebe) | Hokkaidō 12 (won) | Kenji Katsube | Hokkaidō 5 (72.2%) | – | 3 | Tomokazu Ōtake | – | – | |||
| Hiroshi Imazu | Hokkaidō 6 (97.2%) | Elected | Takeo Mitsu | Hokkaidō 11 (70.4%) | – | Support no Party: 104,854 votes (4.2%), no seat | |||||
| Kazuo Maeda | Hokkaidō 8 (93.4%) | Elected | Mika Mizukami | Hokkaidō 12 (67.1%) | – | 1 | Hidemitsu Sano | – | – | ||
| Toshimitsu Funahashi | Hokkaidō 1 (90.9%) | – | SDP: 53,604 votes (2.1%), no seat | 2 | Akiko Hondō | – | – | ||||
| 13 | Seiichi Shimizu | – | – | 1 | Minoru Michibayashi | – | – | HRP: 12,267 votes (0.5%), no seat | |||
| 14 | Chikako Kanazawa | – | – | PFG: 38,342 votes (1.5%), no seat | 1 | Yoshinori Moruyama | – | – | |||
| 15 | Kuniyoshi Azuma | – | – | 1 | Satoshi Yasuda | – | – | 2 | Yūichi Seto | – | – |
2012
- #: List rank assigned by the party
- District column: For double candidates who concurrently ran in a single-member electoral district, the district column contains the electoral district where they stood and the sekihairitsu (lit. "narrow defeat ratio"), the ratio of margin of defeat. It determines the ranking of candidates who are put on the same list rank by their party.
- (in parentheses): Double candidates who are not eligible for election in the proportional block either because they won their district races or were disqualified (for having received less than 10% of the vote in the district race)
| # | Candidate | District | Status | # | Candidate | District | Status | # | Candidate | District | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDP: 692,304 votes (26.4%), 3 seats | DPJ: 477,356 votes (18.2%), 2 seats | NPD: 346,848 votes (13.2%), 1 seat | |||||||||
| 1 | Kōichi Watanabe | – | Elected | 1 | Takahiro Yokomichi | Hokkaidō 1 (92.9%) | Elected | 1 | Tomohiro Ishikawa | Hokkaidō 11 (80.8%) | Elected Resigned in 2013 |
| 2 | (Toshifumi Funahashi) | Hokkaidō 1 (won) | Satoshi Arai | Hokkaidō 3 (73.1%) | Elected | Takako Suzuki | Hokkaidō 7 (69.9%) | Elected in 2013 | |||
| (Takamori Yoshikawa) | Hokkaidō 2 (won) | Seiji Ōsaka | Hokkaidō 8 (71.7%) | – | Kenkō Matsuki | Hokkaidō 12 (58.0%) | – | ||||
| (Hirohisa Takagi) | Hokkaidō 3 (won) | Tadamasa Kodaira | Hokkaidō 10 (71.6%) | – | Hiroyasu Shimizu | Hokkaidō 1 (52.1%) | – | ||||
| (Hiroyuki Nakamura) | Hokkaidō 4 (won) | Takahiro Sasaki | Hokkaidō 6 (67.2%) | – | Takahiro Asano | Hokkaidō 10 (45.2%) | – | ||||
| (Nobutaka Machimura) | Hokkaidō 5 (won) | Yoshio Hachiro | Hokkaidō 4 (66.8%) | – | Junko Machikawa | Hokkaidō 3 (35.1%) | – | ||||
| (Hiroshi Imazu) | Hokkaidō 6 (won) | Wakio Mitsui | Hokkaidō 2 (66.4%) | – | Hideto Tomabechi | Hokkaidō 4 (32.3%) | – | ||||
| (Yoshitaka Itō) | Hokkaidō 7 (won) | Shigeyuki Nakamae | Hokkaidō 5 (53.7%) | – | JRP: 333,760 votes (12.7%), 1 seat | ||||||
| (Kazuo Maeda) | Hokkaidō 8 (won) | Tatsumaru Yamaoka | Hokkaidō 9 (50.8%) | – | 1 | Miho Takahashi | Hokkaidō 2 (56.4%) | Elected | |||
| (Manabu Horii) | Hokkaidō 9 (won) | Hiroko Nakano | Hokkaidō 7 (29.4%) | – | Tomokazu Ōtake | Hokkaidō 1 (54.2%) | – | ||||
| (Yūko Nakagawa) | Hokkaidō 11 (won) | Maya Yamazaki | Hokkaidō 12 (27.9%) | – | Yasufumi Kowada | Hokkaidō 3 (40.6%) | – | ||||
| (Arata Takebe) | Hokkaidō 12 (won) | NK: 289,011 votes (11.0%), 1 seat | 4 | Chitoku Yonenaga | – | – | |||||
| 13 | Seiichi Shimizu | – | Elected | 1 | Hidemichi Satō | – | Elected | JCP: 182,968 votes (7.0%), no seat | |||
| 14 | Shigeaki Katsunuma | – | Elected | 2 | Hisayuki Takeda | – | – | 1 | Kazuya Hatayama | – | – |
| 15 | Atsuko Ōkoshi | – | – | YP: 155,522 votes (5.9%), no seat | 2 | (Hiroyuki Norota) | Hokkaidō 1 (22.5%) | DQ | |||
| TPJ: 81,838 votes (3.1%), no seat | 1 | Takanobu Azuma | Hokkaidō 6 (47.2%) | – | SDP: 48,351 votes (1.8%), no seat | ||||||
| 1 | Mika Kitade | Hokkaidō 8 (23.9%) | – | Yūji Nishida | Hokkaidō 5 (31.9%) | – | 1 | Takao Asano | – | – | |
| HRP: 10,506 votes (0.4%), no seat | Ryūji Sawada | Hokkaidō 2 (29.4%) | – | ||||||||
| 1 | Ichirō Kojima | – | – | ||||||||
| 2 | Kenjirō Sumi | – | – | ||||||||
2009
| LDP: 805,895 votes (24.2%), 2 seats | DPJ: 1,348,318 votes (40.6%), 4 seats | Kōmeitō: 354,886 votes (10.7%), 1 seat | ||||||||||||
| # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" (sekihairitsu) | Elected | # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected | # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tsutomu Takebe | Hokkaidō 12 | 88.6% | Elected | 1 | Hiroko Nakano | Hokkaidō 7 | 99.0% | Elected | 1 | Hisashi Inatsu | PR only | Elected | |
| Nobutaka Machimura | Hokkaidō 5 | 82.7% | Elected | Takahiro Yokomichi | Hokkaidō 1 | Won district | 2 | Hisayuki Takeda | – | |||||
| Yoshitaka Itō | Hokkaidō 7 | Won district | Wakio Mitsui | Hokkaidō 2 | Won district | NPD: 433,122 votes (13.0%), 1 seat | ||||||||
| Shōichi Nakagawa | Hokkaidō 11 | 75.6% | – (died) | Gaku Ishizaki | Hokkaidō 3 | Won district | # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected | |||
| Hiroshi Imazu | Hokkaidō 6 | 68.2% | – (in 2010) | Yoshio Hachiro | Hokkaidō 4 | Won district | 1 | Muneo Suzuki | PR only | Elected | ||||
| Gaku Hasegawa | Hokkaidō 1 | 67.8% | – | Chiyomi Kobayashi | Hokkaidō 5 | Won district | 2 | Eita Yashiro | – (DQ) | |||||
| Gaku Ishizaki | Hokkaidō 3 | 60.6% | – | Takahiro Sasaki | Hokkaidō 6 | Won district | 3 | Takahiro Asano | – (in 2010) | |||||
| Takamori Yoshikawa | Hokkaidō 2 | 56.7% | – | Seiji Ōsaka | Hokkaidō 8 | Won district | 4 | Junko Hana | – | |||||
| Yukari Iijima | Hokkaidō 10 | 55.9% | – | Tadamasa Kodaira | Hokkaidō 10 | Won district | JCP: 241,345 votes (7.3%), no seat | |||||||
| Tōru Miyamoto | Hokkaidō 4 | 50.1% | – | Tomohiro Ishikawa | Hokkaidō 11 | Won district | # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected | |||
| Satoshi Kawabata | Hokkaidō 9 | 39.2% | – | Tsutomu Takebe | Hokkaidō 12 | Won district | 1 | Satoshi Miyauchi | PR only | – | ||||
| Keishirō Fukushima | Hokkaidō 8 | 33.9% | – | 12 | Maya Yamazaki | PR only | Elected | 2 | Chiharu Oka | Hokkaidō 2 | 16.6% | – | ||
| 13 | Takahiro Anada | PR only | – | 13 | Tatsumaru Yamaoka | Elected | Kazutoshi Ogiu | Hokkaidō 6 | 10.1% | – | ||||
| 14 | Shin'ya Numazawa | – | 14 | Hitomi Kudō | Elected | Akiko Satō | Hokkaidō 9 | 10.0% | – | |||||
| 15 | Fumitaka Uechi | – | 15 | Masanori Sekifuji | – | Yukari Watanabe | Hokkaidō 1 | 9.3% | – | |||||
| SDP: 113,562 votes (3.4%), no seat | HRP: 20,276 votes (0.6%), no seat | Honshitsu: 7,399 votes (0.2%), no seat | ||||||||||||
| # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected | # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected | # | Candidate | District | "Loss ratio" | Elected |
| 1 | Taka Yamaguchi | PR only | – | 1 | Naofumi Satō | PR only | – | 1 | Hidemitsu Sano | PR only | – | |||
| 2 | Yumi Honda | Hokkaidō 2 | 8.7% | – | 2 | Tomoo Kobayashi | – | 2 | Akiko Hondō | – | ||||
References
- Yomiuri Shimbun: 2017 House of Representatives election results, proportional, Hokkaidō
- Asahi Shimbun: Election feature 2017: Hokkaidō proportional
- Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications: Results of the 48th general election of members of the House of Representatives and the retention referendum for Supreme Court judges, proportional election results, p. 42–44: Hokkaidō electoral district
- Yomiuri Shimbun: Election feature 2014: Hokkaidō proportional
- Yomiuri Shimbun: Election feature 2012: Hokkaidō proportional
- Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications: Results of the 2009 general election
- Yomiuri Shimbun: Election feature 2009
- Heartbeats Corp., The Senkyo: Results of general and by-elections for the House of Representatives since 1890
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