Hops and cannabinoids

Research has shown that Humulus japonicus also known asHumulus scandens (the plant that makes hops) and Cannabis sativa (also called hemp and marijuana) are closely related and it is possible create novel strains of hops that express valuable chemicals similar to commercial hemp like Kalyseeds demonstrated. [lower-alpha 1] Both hops and cannabis contain terpenes and terpenoids; tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a terpenoid.[2][3] Hops lack the enzyme that could convert cannabigerolic acid into THC or CBD,[4] but it could be inserted using genetic engineering as was reported in 2019 for yeast.[5][6]

Notes
  1. See subsection titled "The incredibly parallel histories of cannabis and its closest relative, humulus (hop)" in Small (2016)[1]

See also

References
  1. Small 2016.
  2. Andre, Christelle M.; Hausman, Jean-Francois; Guerriero, Gea (2016), "Cannabis sativa: The Plant of the Thousand and One Molecules", Frontiers in Plant Science, 7 (19): 19, doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00019, PMC 4740396, PMID 26870049
  3. Harbison, Martha (November 15, 2012), "BeerSci: What's The Connection Between Hops And Marijuana? Because they sure look and smell alike.", Popular Science
  4. Kaplan, Josh (July 12, 2018). "Does CBD Only Come From Cannabis and Hemp?". Leafly.
  5. Bushwick, Sophie (February 27, 2019). "Rising High: GM Yeast Generates Known and Novel Marijuana Compounds – Engineered microorganisms churn out THC, CBD and rarer, less-understood cannabis cousins". Scientific American.
  6. Luo, Xiaozhou; Reiter, Michael A.; d’Espaux, Leo; Wong, Jeff; Denby, Charles M.; Lechner, Anna; Zhang, unfeng; Grzybowski, Adrian T.; Harth, Simon; Lin, Weiyin; Lee, Hyunsu; Yu, Changhua; Shin, John; Deng, Kai; Benites, Veronica T.; Wang, George; Baidoo, Edward E. K.; Chen, Yan; Dev, Ishaan; Petzold, Christopher J.; Keasling, Jay D. (February 27, 2019), "Complete biosynthesis of cannabinoids and their unnatural analogues in yeast", Nature, 567 (7746): 123–126, doi:10.1038/s41586-019-0978-9, PMID 30814733, S2CID 71147445CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)

Sources
  • Small, Ernest (November 2016), "Prehuman and early history of Cannabis sativa", Cannabis: A Complete Guide, CRC Press, ISBN 978-1498761635, OCLC 971400059
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