Hymenochaete corrugata

Hymenochaete corrugata is a plant pathogen that causes glue crust in its hosts.

Hymenochaete corrugata
Hymenochaete corrugata found in Austria
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Phylum:
Basidiomycota
Class:
Basidiomycetes
Subclass:
Incertae sedis
Order:
Hymenochaetales
Family:
Hymenochaetaceae
Genus:
Hymenochaete
Species:
H. corrugata
Binomial name
Hymenochaete corrugata
(Fr.) Lév., (1846)
Synonyms

Corticium corrugatum
Hymenochaete agglutinans
Hymenochaete ambiens
Hymenochaete corrugata f. conglutinans
Hymenochaete croceoferruginea
Hymenochaete insularis
Stereum corrugatum
Thelephora corrugata
Thelephora padi
Xerocarpus corrugatus

Hosts and Symptoms

Hosts and symptoms are crucial to know when trying to identify a pathogen of disease. In order for the pathogen to be identified, its common hosts and key symptoms must be accessible. The primary hosts of Hymenochaete corrugata are broad-leaved trees, primarily hazel and willow. The disease is called glue crust and stems from the pathogen's habit of moving across trees and gluing together twigs and branches that are in contact with each other. Common symptoms are an uneven surface caused by setae (surface hairs) and a grey or brown surface tinted lilac on the tree bark. The main sign is the presence of white fruiting bodies that form crusts attached to the trees, typically on the bark of the trunk. Setae can also be seen on the tree bark in the trunk and branches. These fruiting bodies develop cracks over time.[1]

Environment

This disease is primarily localized to Great Britain, Ireland, mainland Europe, and parts of North America. The growing season in Europe is summer and fall. The disease development and spread is favored in woodland areas, primarily Acidophilous Quercus-dominated woodland and broadleaved deciduous woodlands.[2] These woodland environments typically consist of summer-green non-coniferous trees and evergreen trees. These conditions are a temperate climate and are in areas with distinct seasons that make for moderate temperatures due to common rainfall.[3]

Pathogenesis

Regarding the pathogenesis, glue crust essentially glues dead twigs to living branches in the canopy, which prevents the dead twigs from falling to the ground. If they fell to the ground, they would be available to be decomposed by other fungi.[4] Hymenochaete corruguta’s individual genotypes can accomplish this gluing by making sclerotized mycelial pads that form a bridge binding the twigs together from various stools. The pads created can also allow for attachment to other trees, not just twigs in the same tree. The fungus essentially can go back and forth between different modes of mycelial development and producing melanized pseudosclerotial plates, and then spreads from branch to branch through these glued together pseudosclerotia.[1][5][6]

References
  1. Ainsworth; Rayner (1990). "Aerial mycelial transfer by Hymenochaete corrugata between stems of hazel and other trees". Mycological Research. 94: 263–266. doi:10.1016/s0953-7562(09)80625-4.
  2. "Hymenochaete corrugata (Fr.) Lév. - Glue Crust (n.d.)". First-Nature. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
  3. "Climate: East Woodlands". Climate-Data.org. 2015. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
  4. "Fungi". www.snh.org.uk. Retrieved December 5, 2016.
  5. Boddy; Frankland; West (2008). Ecology of saprotrophic basidiomycetes. Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-374185-1.
  6. Sharland; Burton; Rayner (1986). "Mycelial dimorphism, interactions and pseudosclerotial plate formation in Hymenochaete corrugata". Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 86: 158–163. doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(86)80130-9.


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