Incilius coniferus

The evergreen toad (Incilius coniferus)[3] is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae.

Evergreen toad
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Bufonidae
Genus: Incilius
Species:
I. coniferus
Binomial name
Incilius coniferus
(Cope, 1862)
Incilius coniferus range map. The range is displayed in green.
Synonyms
  • Bufo ehlersi Werner, 1899
  • Bufo coniferus
  • Cranopsis coniferus[2]

Conservation status

It is potentially threatened by habitat loss, but is still categorized as a least-concern species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. A species cannot be assigned to the least-concern category unless it has had its population status evaluated.

Description
Side-view of one of these toads.

The evergreen toad (also known as the "green climbing toad"[4]) can be colored with browns, greens, and even yellows. These colors on its back and other areas of the body are arranged in a camouflage pattern that can be unique between each member of the species. Its eyes are green with vertically slit pupils.

Adult males of the species can measure approximately 53–72 mm and adult females 76–94 mm. Females and males in adulthood or easy to tell apart due to males usually having just abit brighter coloring. However, when they haven't metamorphosed yet, males and females are practically indistinguishable as all the tadpoles look identical.

Distribution and habitat

It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and Panama.

The toad is commonly found in lowland wet and moist forest zones, and is less frequently found in per-mountain wet forest and lower mountain wet forest zones. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, rivers, freshwater marshes, rural gardens, urban areas, and heavily degraded former forest. The Pacific Equatorial Forest is also this green toad's home.

Altitude

It is present up to 1,550 m (5,090 ft) above sea level.[5]

References
  1. Solís, F., et al. (2010). Incilius coniferus. 2012 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Archived June 27, 2014, at the Wayback Machine Downloaded on 29 May 2013.
  2. Frost, D., et al. (2006). The amphibian tree of life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297 364.
  3. Incilius coniferus, ASW5
  4. "Incilius coniferus". Encyclopedia of Life. EOL.org. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  5. Savage, J. M. (2002). The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica. University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.