Italians in New York City

New York City has the largest population of Italian Americans in the United States of America as well as North America, many of whom inhabit ethnic enclaves in Brooklyn, the Bronx, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island. New York is home to the third largest Italian population outside of Italy, behind São Paulo, Brazil and Buenos Aires, Argentina, respectively. Over 2.6 million[1] Italians and Italian-Americans live in the greater New York metro area, with about 800,000 living within one of the five New York City boroughs. This makes Italian Americans the largest ethnic group in the New York metro area.

The first Italian to reside in New York was Pietro Cesare Alberti,[2] a Venetian seaman who, in 1635, settled in the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam that would eventually become New York. A small wave of Protestants, known as Waldensians, who were of French and northern Italian heritage (specifically Piedmontese), occurred during the 17th century, with the majority coming between 1654 and 1663.[3] A 1671 Dutch record indicates that, in 1656 alone, the Duchy of Savoy near Turin, Italy, had exiled 300 Waldensians due to their Protestant faith.

The largest wave of Italian immigration to the United States took place in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Between 1820 and 1978, 5.3 million Italians immigrated to the United States, including over two million between 1900 and 1910. Only the Irish and Germans immigrated in larger numbers.

The first New York neighborhood to be settled by large numbers of Italian immigrants – primarily from Southern Italy (mostly from Sicily) – was East Harlem, which became the first part of the city to be known as "Little Italy". The area, which lies east of Lexington Avenue between 96th and 116th Streets and east of Madison Avenue between 116th and 125th Streets, featured people from different regions of Italy on each cross street, as immigrants from each area chose to live in close proximity to each other.[4]

"Italian Harlem" approached its peak in the 1930s, with over 100,000 Italian-Americans living in its crowded, run-down apartment buildings.[5] The 1930 census showed that 81 percent of the population of Italian Harlem consisted of first- or second- generation Italian Americans. This was somewhat less than the concentration of Italian Americans in the Lower East Side’s Little Italy with 88 percent; Italian Harlem’s total population, however, was three times that of Little Italy.[6] Remnants of the neighborhood's Italian heritage are kept alive by the Giglio Society of East Harlem. Every year on the second weekend of August, the Feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel is celebrated and the "Dancing of the Giglio" is performed for thousands of visitors.

The best-known "Little Italy" in Manhattan is the area currently called that, which centers around Mulberry Street. This settlement, however, is rapidly becoming part of the adjacent Chinatown as the older Italian residents die and their children move elsewhere. As of the 2000 census, 692,739 New Yorkers reported Italian ancestry, making them the largest European ethnic group in the city.[7] In 2011, the American Community Survey found there were 49,075 persons of Italian birth in New York.[8]

Street vendors at the Feast of San Gennaro in Manhattan's Little Italy.

Italian-American neighborhoods in New York

• Arthur Avenue (the Bronx's Little Italy)
• Bay Ridge, Brooklyn
• Bensonhurst, Brooklyn (Brooklyn's Little Italy)
• Belmont, Bronx
• Bergen Beach, Brooklyn
• Carroll Gardens, Brooklyn
• City Island, Bronx
• Cobble Hill, Brooklyn
• Dyker Heights, Brooklyn
• East Village, Manhattan
• Greenwich Village, Manhattan
• Howard Beach, Queens
• Middle Village, Queens
• Mill Basin, Brooklyn
• Morris Park, Bronx
• Mulberry Street, Little Italy, Manhattan
• Ozone Park, Queens
• Pelham Bay, Bronx
• Pleasant Avenue, East Harlem (Italian Harlem), Manhattan
• Schuylerville, Bronx
• Staten Island
• Throggs Neck, Bronx
• Whitestone, Queens
• Williamsburg, Brooklyn
• Tottenville, Staten Island
• Eltingville, Staten Island
• Annadale, Staten Island
• Huguenot, Staten Island

Education

The Italian international private school La Scuola d'Italia Guglielmo Marconi, serving grades Pre-Kindergarten through 12, is located in Manhattan. It is the sole bilingual English-Italian day school in North America.[9]

Institutions

The Consulate-General of Italy in New York is located in the Upper East Side of Manhattan.[10]

The John D. Calandra Italian American Institute, founded in 1979 and located in Midtown Manhattan, is an academic institute that studies matters pertaining to the history of Italians in the United States.

The Italian American Museum is located in Manhattan's Little Italy. Located in a former bank, Banca Stabile, its current building had a "soft opening" in September 2008,[11] and a formal opening in October.[12]

Churches

• Church of the Most Precious Blood, Little Italy
• Our Lady of Pompeii Church, Greenwich Village
• St. Anthony of Padua Church, South Village

Recreation

Columbus Day and the San Gennaro Festival are celebrated in New York.[12]

References

1. "The Demographic Statistical Atlas of the United States - Statistical Atlas". statisticalatlas.com. Retrieved 2021-01-05.
2. "Peter Caesar Alberti". Archived from the original on September 14, 2015. Retrieved June 2, 2011.
3. Memorials of the Huguenots in America, by Ammon Stapleton, page 42
4. Nevius, Michelle & Nevius, James (2009), Inside the Apple: A Streetwise History of New York City, New York: Free Press, ISBN 141658997X, p.154
5. Jackson, Kenneth T., ed. (1995). The Encyclopedia of New York City. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0300055366., p.605 "Their number increased slightly during the 1930s, when as many as 110,000 Italians lived east of Lexington Avenue between 96th and 116th streets and east of Madison Avenue between 116th and 125th streets."
6. Meyer,Gerald. "Italian Harlem: America’s Largest and Most Italian Little Italy"
7. New York City Department of City Planning (2000). "2000 Census" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-12. Retrieved 2007-05-24.
8. New York City Department of City Planning, "The Newest New Yorkers - Characteristics of the City's Foreign Born Population" Archived 2015-01-03 at the Wayback Machine, 2013
9. "About la scuola Archived 2015-06-23 at the Wayback Machine." La Scuola d'Italia Guglielmo Marconi. Retrieved on May 2, 2015.
10. Home. Consulate-General of Italy in New York. Retrieved on 15 January 2014. "690, Park Avenue New York, NY 10065"
11. Mallozzi, Vincent M. "In Little Italy, a Former Bank Will Now Hold Italian Immigrants’ Memories" (Archive). The New York Times. September 8, 2008. Print: September 9, 2008, page B3, New York edition. Retrieved on May 3, 2015.
12. Haberman, Clyde. "A March Uptown and a Shrine Downtown for Italian Heritage" (Archive). The New York Times. October 14, 2008. Print: October 14, 2008, p. A25, New York edition. Retrieved on May 3, 2015.