Jenő Rejtő

Jenő Rejtő (Jenő Reich; 1905–1943; pseudonyms: P. Howard, Gibson Lavery) was a Hungarian journalist, pulp fiction writer and playwright who died as a forced labourer during World War II. He was born in Budapest, Austria-Hungary, on March 29, 1905, and died in Evdakovo, Voronezh Oblast, Soviet Union (then under Axis occupation) on January 1, 1943.[1] Despite the "pulp" nature of his writings, he is not only widely read in Hungary, but is also much appreciated by literary critics. It is a prevalent opinion that he lifted the genre to the level of serious art, and his works will long outlive him.[2]

Jenő Rejtő
BornJenő Reich
(1905-03-29)29 March 1905
Budapest, Austria-Hungary
Died1 January 1943(1943-01-01) (aged 37)
Evdakovo, Soviet Union
Occupationnovelist, dramatist
Notable worksA láthatatlan légió, A tizennégy karátos autó, Piszkos Fred, a kapitány, A három testőr Afrikában, A szőke ciklon
The native form of this personal name is Rejtő Jenő. This article uses Western name order when mentioning individuals.

Biography

Jenő Rejtő completed his studies in a drama school in 1924, after which he travelled extensively throughout Europe.[3] Returning to Hungary, he made his living as a playwright, often with great success, such as with his operetta, Aki mer, az nyer (Who Dares Wins, 1934).

Later, he started to write adventure novels based on his trips and experiences abroad.[4] His novels were raised above mediocrity by his inimitable and bizarre sense of humour. His novels parodying the French Foreign Legion, written under the pseudonym P. Howard, reaped the greatest success. He also wrote a large number of cabaret farces and edited a newspaper, Nagykörút, which, however, was published just once. His most appreciated novels are stories unifying elements from detective novels and romance, always including a unique sense of humour. He also wrote novels in the tradition of American Westerns.

Starting in 1939, he could not publish his novels any more under his own name because of his Jewish origins. On October 9, 1942, an article in the Nazi Arrow Cross Party’s newspaper (Egyedül Vagyunk [We Are Alone]) exposed Rejtő as a Jew and reported that he was seen writing calmly in Budapest cafés while evading the labour service draft that was compulsory for Jewish men of military age (they were forbidden to perform arm-bearing service in the military).[5] He was seriously ill by this time but was taken by force from hospital to do his labour service on the eastern front, into the Soviet Union, where he shortly died of typhus.[1][5]

Legacy

In the early years of communism his works were only available on the black market as pre-war editions, but from the 1960s on, his novels were republished, and they gained instant popularity in Hungary (then still under communist rule). They elicit a cult following to this day. Some of his works have been made into films and comic books. Rejtő’s comic book adaptations by Pál Korcsmáros (1916-1975) are regarded as classics in their own right in Hungary.[6] While a writer, he was a regular customer at the Cafe Japan (Japán kávéház) in Budapest, which was near Nova, his publisher. He paid for his coffee with lines written on napkins, which in turn were taken to Nova, where they were purchased and collated.[7]

Rejtő's memory is kept alive in Budapest in various ways: in 2001 a street was named after him,[8] while in 2003 there was an exhibition dedicated to him in the Petőfi Museum of Literature (Petőfi Irodalmi Múzeum).[9] In 2005 his picture appeared on a Hungarian postage stamp, part of the series "Great Hungarians", and there is an initiative to erect his statue in Budapest.[10]

Works

The original Hungarian editions of Rejtő's numerous works—the most famous of which are his Foreign Legion books and his "Dirty Fred" series—were already in the public domain in the 1990s. However, since Hungary implemented the EU copyright extension retroactively in 1999, Rejtő's works became again subject to copyright when sold in EU countries (but not in other countries); they entered the public domain everywhere on 1 January 2014 (70 years after the next 1 January following the author's death).

English translations of some of his works are available online:

  • A tizennégy karátos autó (The 14-Carat Roadster)
  • A szőke ciklon (The Blonde Hurricane)
  • Az elsikkasztott pénztáros (The Embezzled Bank Teller)

Other works (selection)

  • Az elveszett cirkáló (The Vanished Cruiser)
  • A megkerült cirkáló (The Found Cruiser)
  • Piszkos Fred, a kapitány (Captain Dirty Fred)
  • Piszkos Fred visszavág (Dirty Fred Strikes Back)
  • Az elátkozott part (The Cursed Shore)
  • A három testőr Afrikában (The Three Musketeers in Africa)
  • Csontbrigád (Bone Brigade)
  • Az előretolt helyőrség (The Frontier Garrison), Macon: Etalon Press, 2014, ISBN 9781940872001 (Kindle); ISBN 9781940872018, LCCN 2014930851 (print)
  • Vesztegzár a Grand Hotelben (Quarantine at the Grand Hotel), Budapest: Corvina, 2009, ISBN 9789631358148
  • A láthatatlan légió (The Invisible Legion)
  • Az ellopott futár (The Stolen Courier)
  • Texas Bill, a fenegyerek (Texas Bill, the Daredevil)
  • Pokol a hegyek között (Hell among the Hills)
  • Megyek Párizsba ahol még nem haldokoltam (I'll go to Paris, where I've never been dying)

References
  1. János Bús, Péter Szabó: Béke Poraikra. [May They Rest in Peace]; p. 658. Varietas ’93 Kft, Budapest, 1999. ISBN 963-03-8934-7
  2. Hegedűs Géza: Rejtő Jenő
  3. "Pen name: P. Howard. Jenő Rejtő died 70 years ago". Hungarian Literature Online. January 1, 2013. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
  4. "Pen name: P. Howard. Jenő Rejtő died 70 years ago". Hungarian Literature Online. January 1, 2013. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
  5. Tibor Hámori: Piszkos Fred és a többiek... Történetek Rejtő Jenő életéből. [Dirty Fred and the rest of the bunch... Stories from the life of Jenő Rejtő] Ságvári Endre Könyvszerkesztőség, Budapest, 1982. ISBN 9634225020.
  6. Pál Korcsmáros’s comic book adaptations include Az elátkozott part (9632101677), A három testőr Afrikában (ISBN 9632123751), and Az előretolt helyőrség (ISBN 9632162919). External Link: http://kepeskiado.hu/korcsmaros/rejto-korcsmaros-sorozat
  7. "Life of Rejtő Jenő" (in magyar). Retrieved 2009-06-18.
  8. "Pictures of Rejto street". Retrieved 2009-06-18.
  9. "The Museum of Literature Petőfi". Retrieved 2009-06-18.
  10. rejto.hu. Retrieved 2009-06-18
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