John Montagu, 5th Earl of Sandwich

John Montagu, 5th Earl of Sandwich, PC (26 January 1744 – 6 June 1814), styled Viscount Hinchingbrooke until 1792, was a British peer and Tory politician.

The Right Honourable The Earl of Sandwich PC
Master of the Buckhounds
In office 1783–1806
Monarch	George III
Prime Minister	William Pitt the Younger Henry Addington
Preceded by	The Earl of Jersey
Succeeded by	The Earl of Albemarle
Personal details
Born	26 January 1744
Died	6 June 1814 (aged 70)
Nationality	British
Political party	Tory
Spouse(s)	(1) Lady Elizabeth Montague-Dunk (d. 1768) (2) Lady Mary Powlett

Background and education

Montagu was the eldest son of John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, by the Honourable Dorothy Fane, third surviving daughter of Charles Fane, 1st Viscount Fane. He was educated at Eton. In 1761, at the age of 17, he joined the 3rd Regiment of Foot Guards as a Captain.

Political career

In 1765, Hinchingbrooke entered Parliament as Tory Member of Parliament (although he supported the Fox-North Coalition of 1783) for Brackley, a seat he held until 1768,[1] and then represented Huntingdonshire from 1768 to 1792, when he succeeded his father in the earldom.[2] He served as Vice-Chamberlain of the Household from 1771[3] to 1782, as Master of the Buckhounds from 1783 to 1806 and as Joint Postmaster General from 1807 to 1814. He was sworn of the Privy Council in 1771.[3]

Family

Lord Sandwich married firstly his distant cousin Lady Elizabeth Montague-Dunk, only daughter of George Montague-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax, 8 March 1766. Lady Elizabeth died in 1768 and Sandwich married Lady Mary Powlett, daughter and co-heir of Admiral Harry Powlett or Paulet, 6th and last Duke of Bolton. Lord Sandwich lived and was a rural landowner at Hinchingbrooke House today in north Cambridgeshire and held other farming interests. His eldest child, John George Montagu, by his first wife died in 1790. Lord Sandwich died in June 1814, aged 70, and was succeeded by his eldest son by his second wife, George.[4] William is thought to be named after his uncle, William Augustus, who died at Lisbon in 1776.

Lord Sandwich had two children by his first wife, Lady Elizabeth Montague-Dunk:

• Caroline Montagu, died July 1782
• John George Montagu, Viscount Hinchinbroke, born 3 April 1767, died 29 November 1790

After Lady Elizabeth's death on the 1 July 1768, Lord Sandwich married Lady Mary Powlett on the 25 April 1772:

• George John Montagu, 6th Earl of Sandwich, born 4 February 1773, died 21 May 1818, married Lady Louisa Lowry-Corry, daughter of Armar Lowry-Corry, 1st Earl Belmore
  • Lady Harriet Montagu, married William Baring, 2nd Baron Ashburton
  • Lady Catherine Montagu, married Count Alexander Walewski, illegitimate son of Emperor Napoleon I of France
  • John Montagu, 7th Earl of Sandwich
• Hon. Francis Charles Montagu, died unmarried
• Lady Mary Montagu, born 27 February 1774, died 4 October 1824, married 7 October 1796 to John Henry Upton, 1st Viscount Templetown, son of the Clerk Comptroller to the Dowager Princess of Wales, Clotworthy Upton, 1st Baron Templetown
  • Henry Upton, 2nd Viscount Templetown
  • George Upton, 3rd Viscount Templetown, married Susan Woodford, daughter of Field Marshal Sir Alexander Woodford
  • Hon. Edward Upton, married Susan Maddy, daughter of Rev. John Maddy, parents of Henry Upton, 4th Viscount Templetown
  • Hon. Mary Upton, married John Spalding
  • General Hon. Arthur Upton, married Hon. Elizabeth Blake, daughter of Joseph Blake, 3rd Baron Wallscourt
• Lady Henrietta Susannah Montagu, born 9 August 1777, died 19 November 1825, married 3 May 1798 to Lt. Col Sir William James of Dorset, son of Lt. Col Sir William James (son of Sir Charles Hamilton (styled Count of Arran in France), illegitimate son of James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton and his mistress, Lady Barbara FitzRoy) by his wife, Catherine Napier, daughter of Sir Gerrard Napier, 5th Bt.[5][6]
  • Colonel Sir Philip James, married Susan Georgiana Ryder, daughter of the Hon. Granville Dudley Ryder

Lord Sandwich also had two illegitimate children, a daughter called Harriet Montagu, who married James Grant, son of Sir Ludovic Grant of Dalvey, 6th Bt. and William Augustus Montagu who rose to the rank of Vice-Admiral in the Royal Navy.[7]

Ancestry

Ancestors of John Montagu, 5th Earl of Sandwich

Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Sandwich Edward Montagu, 3rd Earl of Sandwich Lady Anne Boyle Edward Montagu, Viscount Hinchingbrooke John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester Lady Elizabeth Wilmot Elizabeth Malet John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich Sir Francis Popham Alexander Popham of Littlecote Helena Rogers Elizabeth Popham Ralph Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu Lady Anne Montagu Lady Elizabeth Wriothesley John Montagu, 5th Earl of Sandwich Colonel George Fane Sir Henry Fane Dorothy Horsey Charles Fane, 1st Viscount Fane Thomas Southcott of Exeter Elizabeth Southcote Katherine Southcott Hon. Dorothy Fane Philip Stanhope, 1st Earl of Chesterfield Hon. Alexander Stanhope Catherine Hastings Mary Stanhope Arnold Burghill, of Thingehill Parva Catherine Burghill Grizel Prise

Gallery

• 
  In Sandwich-Carrots!—dainty Sandwich-Carrots (1796), James Gillray caricatured Lord Sandwich slipping money into the pocket of an attractive carrot-seller, said to be one of his usual amusements.
• 
  Schedule of rental of the estates of John Montagu, 5th Earl of Sandwich and PETER DE SALIS, in the Manor of Clare in County of Armagh, 1802.
• 
  Hinchingbrook House, Huntingdon, 1787. Formerly the home of Oliver Cromwell's family.

References

1. Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "B" (part 4)
2. Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "H" (part 4)
3. "No. 11116". The London Gazette. 5 February 1771. p. 1.
4. From the title of a painting in the Inner Hall of Hinchingbrooke House, Huntingdon.
5. Margaret Mary Pearson (1956). Bright Tapestry. Harrap. p. 22.
6. William Anderson (1877). The Scottish nation; or, the Surnames, Families, Literature, Honours and Biographical History of the People of Scotland by William Anderson. p. 421.
7. thepeerage.com John Montagu, 5th Earl of Sandwich