John Prine

John Edward Prine[1] (October 10, 1946 – April 7, 2020) was an American country folk singer-songwriter. He was active as a composer, recording artist, live performer, and occasional actor from the early 1970s until his death, and was known for an often humorous style of original music that has elements of protest and social commentary.

John Prine
Prine at MerleFest 2006
Background information
Born	October 10, 1946 Maywood, Illinois, U.S.
Died	April 7, 2020 (aged 73) Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.
Genres	Country folk, bluegrass, Americana
Occupation(s)	Singer-songwriter guitarist
Instruments	Vocals guitar
Years active	1969–2020
Labels	Atlantic Asylum Oh Boy Rhino
Associated acts	Steve Goodman Iris DeMent
Website	JohnPrine.net

Born and raised in Maywood, Illinois, Prine learned to play the guitar at the age of 14. He attended classes at Chicago's Old Town School of Folk Music.[2] After serving in West Germany with the U.S. Army, he returned to Chicago in the late 1960s, where he worked as a mailman, writing and singing songs first as a hobby, and then becoming a club performer.

A member of Chicago's folk revival, Prine credited film critic Roger Ebert and singer-songwriter Kris Kristofferson with discovering him, resulting in the production of Prine's eponymous debut album with Atlantic Records in 1971. The acclaim earned by this LP led Prine to focus on his musical career, and he recorded three more albums for Atlantic. He then signed with Asylum Records, where he recorded an additional three albums. In 1981, he co-founded Oh Boy Records, an independent record label with which he would release most of his subsequent albums.

Widely cited as one of the most influential songwriters of his generation, Prine was known for humorous lyrics about love, life, and current events, as well as serious songs with social commentary and songs that recollect melancholy tales from his life. In 2020, he received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.

Early life

Prine was the son of William Mason Prine, a tool-and-die maker, and Verna Valentine (Hamm), a homemaker, both from Muhlenberg County, Kentucky. He was born and raised in the Maywood suburb of Chicago.[3][4] In summers, they would go back to visit family near Paradise, Kentucky.[5] Prine started playing guitar at age 14, taught by his brother, David.[6] He attended classes at Chicago's Old Town School of Folk Music,[7] and Proviso Township High School (later called Proviso East) in Maywood, Illinois. He was a U.S. Postal Service mailman for five years and was drafted into the United States Army during the Vietnam War era, serving in Germany, before beginning his musical career in Chicago.[8]

Chicago folk scene

In the late 1960s, while Prine was delivering mail, he began to sing his songs (often first written in his head on the mail route) at open-microphone evenings at the Fifth Peg on Armitage Avenue in Chicago. The bar was a gathering spot for nearby Old Town School of Folk Music teachers and students. Prine was initially a spectator, reluctant to perform, but eventually did so in response to a "You think you can do better?" comment made to him by another performer.[9] After his first open mic, he was offered paying gigs. In 1970, Chicago Sun-Times movie critic Roger Ebert heard him by chance at the Fifth Peg and wrote the first review Prine ever received, calling him a great songwriter:[10]

He appears on stage with such modesty he almost seems to be backing into the spotlight. He sings rather quietly, and his guitar work is good, but he doesn't show off. He starts slow. But after a song or two, even the drunks in the room begin to listen to his lyrics. And then he has you.[10]

After the review was published, Prine's popularity grew.[11] Prine became a central figure in the Chicago folk revival, which also included such singer-songwriters as Steve Goodman, Michael Peter Smith, Bonnie Koloc, Jim Post, Tom Dundee, Anne Hills, and Fred Holstein. Joined by such established musicians as Jethro Burns and Bob Gibson, Prine performed frequently at a variety of Chicago clubs.[12] He was offered a one-album deal of covers and with a few of his original songs, by Bob Koester from Delmark Records, but decided the project was not right for him.[9]

In 1971, Prine was playing regularly at the Earl of Old Town. Steve Goodman, who was performing with Kris Kristofferson at another Chicago club, persuaded Kristofferson to go see Prine late one night.[13] Kristofferson later recalled, "By the end of the first line we knew we were hearing something else. It must’ve been like stumbling onto Dylan when he first busted onto the Village scene."[14]

Recording career

1970s

Prine's self-titled debut album was released in 1971. Kristofferson (who once remarked that Prine wrote songs so good that "we'll have to break his thumbs"[15]), invited Prine and Goodman to open for him at The Bitter End club in New York City. In the audience was Jerry Wexler, who signed Prine to Atlantic Records the next day.[14] The album included Prine's signature songs "Illegal Smile" and "Sam Stone", and songs that became folk and country standards, "Angel from Montgomery" and "Paradise." The album also featured "Hello in There", a song about aging that was later covered by numerous artists, and "Far From Me", a lonely waltz about lost love for a waitress, about which Prine later said was his favorite of all his songs. The album received many positive reviews, and some hailed Prine as "the next Dylan." Bob Dylan himself appeared unannounced at one of Prine's first New York City club appearances, anonymously backing him on harmonica.[16]

Prine's second album, Diamonds in the Rough (1972), was a surprise for many after the critical success of his first LP; it was an uncommercial, stripped-down affair that reflected Prine's fondness for bluegrass music and features songs reminiscent of Hank Williams. Highlights of the compilation include the allegorical "The Great Compromise", which includes a recitation and addresses the Vietnam War, and the ballad "Souvenirs", which Prine later recorded with Goodman.[17]

His subsequent albums from the nineteen seventies include Sweet Revenge (1973), containing such fan favorites as "Dear Abby", "Grandpa Was a Carpenter", and "Christmas in Prison", and Common Sense (1975), with "Come Back to Us Barbara Lewis Hare Krishna Beauregard." The latter album was Prine's first to chart on the U.S Top 100 by Billboard and reflected his growing commercial success. It was produced by Steve Cropper. Bruised Orange from 1978 is a Steve Goodman-produced album that gave listeners songs such as "That's The Way That The World Goes 'Round", "Sabu Visits the Twin Cities Alone", "Fish and Whistle", and the title track.[18]

In 1974, singer David Allan Coe achieved considerable success on the country charts with "You Never Even Called Me by My Name", co-written by Prine and Goodman. The song good-naturedly spoofs stereotypical country music lyrics to create what it self-describes as "the perfect country and western song." Prine refused to take a songwriter's credit (stating he was too drunk when the song was written to remember what he had contributed) and Goodman received sole credit. Goodman bought Prine a jukebox as a gift from his publishing royalties.[19]

In 1975, Prine toured the U.S. and Canada with a full band featuring guitarist Arlen Roth.[20]

The 1979 album Pink Cadillac features two songs produced by Sun Records founder Sam Phillips, who by this time rarely did any studio work. The song "Saigon" is about a Vietnam veteran traumatized by the war ("The static in my attic's gettin' ready to blow"). During the recording, one of the guitar amplifiers blew up (which is evident on the album).[21] The other song Phillips produced is "How Lucky", about Prine's hometown.[22]

1980s

In 1981, rejecting the established model of the recording industry, which Prine felt exploited singers and songwriters, he co-founded the independent record label Oh Boy Records in Nashville, Tennessee. His fans, supporting the project, sent him enough money to cover the costs, in advance, of his next album.[3] Prine continued writing and recording albums throughout the 1980s. His songs continued to be covered by other artists; the country supergroup The Highwaymen recorded "The 20th Century Is Almost Over", which had been written by Prine and Goodman. Steve Goodman died of leukemia in 1984 and Prine contributed four tracks to A Tribute to Steve Goodman, including a cover version of Goodman's "My Old Man."[23]

1990s

In 1991, Prine released the Grammy Award-winning The Missing Years, his first collaboration with producer and Heartbreakers bassist Howie Epstein. The title song records Prine's humorous take on what Jesus did in the unrecorded years between his childhood and ministry.[24][25][26] In 1995, Lost Dogs and Mixed Blessings was released, another collaboration with Epstein.[27] On this album is the long track, Lake Marie, a partly spoken word song interweaving tales over decades centered on themes of 'goodbye'.[28] Bob Dylan later cited it as perhaps his favorite Prine song.[29] Prine followed it up in 1999 with In Spite of Ourselves, which was unusual for him in that it contained only one original song (the title track); the rest were covers of classic country songs. All of the tracks are duets with well-known female country vocalists, including Lucinda Williams, Emmylou Harris, Patty Loveless, Dolores Keane, Trisha Yearwood, and Iris DeMent.[30][31]

2000s

In 2001, Prine appeared in a supporting role in the Billy Bob Thornton movie Daddy & Them. "In Spite of Ourselves" is played during the end credits.[32]

Prine recorded a version of Stephen Foster's "My Old Kentucky Home" in 2004 for the compilation album Beautiful Dreamer, which won the Grammy for Best Traditional Folk Album in 2004.[33]

In 2005, Prine released his first all-new offering since Lost Dogs and Mixed Blessings, the album Fair & Square, which tended toward a more laid-back, acoustic approach. The album contains songs such as "Safety Joe", about a man who has never taken any risks in his life, and also "Some Humans Ain't Human", Prine's protest piece on the album, which talks about the ugly side of human nature and includes a quick shot at President George W. Bush. Fair & Square won the 2005 Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album. The album contains original songs plus two covers: A.P. Carter's "Bear Creek Blues" and Blaze Foley's "Clay Pigeons".[34]

2010s

On June 22, 2010, Oh Boy Records released a tribute album titled Broken Hearts & Dirty Windows: Songs of John Prine. The album features members of the modern folk revival including My Morning Jacket, The Avett Brothers, Conor Oberst and the Mystic Valley Band, Old Crow Medicine Show, Lambchop, Josh Ritter, Drive-By Truckers, Nickel Creek's Sara Watkins, Deer Tick featuring Liz Isenberg, Justin Townes Earle, Those Darlins, and Bon Iver's Justin Vernon.[35]

Prine onstage, 2016

In 2016, Prine was named winner of the PEN/Song Lyrics Award, given to two songwriters every other year by the PEN New England chapter. The 2016 award was shared with Tom Waits and his songwriting collaborator wife Kathleen Brennan. Judges for the award included Peter Wolf, Rosanne Cash, Paul Simon, Elvis Costello, and Bono, as well as literary judges Salman Rushdie, Natasha Tretheway, and Paul Muldoon.[36][37] In 2016, Prine released For Better, or Worse, a follow-up to In Spite of Ourselves from 1999. The album features country music covers spotlighting some of the most prominent female voices in the genre, including; Alison Krauss, Kacey Musgraves, and Lee Ann Womack, as well as Iris DeMent, the only guest artist to appear on both compilation albums.[38]

On March 15, 2017, the American Currents exhibit opened at the Country Music Hall of Fame. The exhibit featured a pair of cowboy boots and jacket that Prine often wore on stage, his personal guitar, and the original handwritten lyric to his hit, "Angel From Montgomery". The American Currents Class of 2016 showcased artists who made a significant impact on country music in 2016, including; Jason Aldean, Kelsea Ballerini, Ross Copperman, The Earls of Leicester, Brett Eldredge, Florida Georgia Line, Mickey Guyton, Natalie Hemby, Sierra Hull, Jason Isbell, Miranda Lambert, Jim Lauderdale, Shane McAnally, Lori McKenna, William Michael Morgan, Maren Morris, Jon Pardi, Dolly Parton, Margo Price, Prine, RaeLynn, Chris and Morgane Stapleton, and Randy Travis. Prine won his second Artist of the Year award at the 2017 Americana Music Honors & Awards after previously winning in 2005.[39]

On February 8, 2018, Prine announced his first new album of original material in 13 years, titled The Tree of Forgiveness, would be released on April 13. Produced by Dave Cobb, the album was released on Prine's own Oh Boy Records and features guest artists Jason Isbell, Amanda Shires, Dan Auerbach, and Brandi Carlile. Alongside the announcement, Prine released the track "Summer's End".[40] The album became Prine's highest-charting album on the Billboard 200.[41]

In 2019, he recorded several tracks including "Please Let Me Go 'Round Again"—a song which warmly confronts the end of life—with longtime friend and compatriot Swamp Dogg in his final recording session.[42]

Posthumous releases

The last song Prine recorded before he died was "I Remember Everything", released on June 12, 2020, alongside a music video. It was released following the two-hour special tribute show, A Tribute Celebrating John Prine aired on June 11, 2020, which featured Sturgill Simpson, Vince Gill, Jason Isbell, Kacey Musgraves, Bonnie Raitt, Rita Wilson, Eric Church, Brandi Carlile and many other country artists and friends.[43] On the first night of the 2020 Democratic National Convention, Prine singing "I Remember Everything" was the soundtrack to the COVID-19 memorial video.[44]

Personal life

Prine was married three times. His first marriage was to high-school sweetheart Ann Carole in 1966. The marriage lasted until the late 1970s. Prine was married to bassist Rachel Peer from 1984 to 1988. Prine met Fiona Whelan, who later became his manager, in 1988.[45] She moved from Ireland to Nashville in 1993, and they were married in 1996. Prine and Whelan had two sons together, Jack and Tommy, and Prine adopted Whelan's son, Jody, from a previous relationship.[46] Prine had a home, and spent part of the year, in Kinvara, Galway, Ireland.

Health problems

In early 1998, Prine was diagnosed with squamous-cell cancer on the right side of his neck. He had major surgery to remove a substantial amount of diseased tissue, followed by six weeks of radiation therapy.[47] The surgery removed a piece of his neck and severed a few nerves in his tongue, while the radiation damaged some salivary glands. A year of recuperation and speech therapy were necessary before he could perform again.[48] The operation altered his vocals and added a gravelly tone to his voice.[49]

In 2013, Prine underwent surgery to remove cancer in his left lung. After the surgery, a physical therapist put him through an unusual workout to build stamina; Prine was required to run up and down his house stairs, grab his guitar while still out of breath, and sing two songs. Six months later, he was touring again.[48]

Death

On March 19, 2020, amid the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, Prine's wife Fiona revealed that she had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and had been quarantined in their home apart from him.[50] He was hospitalized on March 26 after experiencing COVID-19 symptoms.[51] On March 30, Fiona tweeted that she had recovered and that John was in stable condition but not improving.[52][53][54] Prine died on April 7, 2020, of complications caused by COVID-19 at the age of 73.[55]

In accordance with Prine's wishes as expressed in his song "Paradise", half of his ashes were spread in Kentucky's Green River. The other half were buried next to his parents in Chicago.[56]

Influence

Prine is widely regarded as one of the most influential songwriters of his generation.[57][58][59] He has been referred to as "the Mark Twain of songwriting."[29][60]

In 2009, Bob Dylan told The Huffington Post that Prine was one of his favorite writers, stating, "Prine's stuff is pure Proustian existentialism. Midwestern mindtrips to the nth degree. And he writes beautiful songs. I remember when Kris Kristofferson first brought him on the scene. Sam Stone featuring the wonderfully evocative line: 'There’s a hole in daddy's arm where all the money goes, and Jesus Christ died for nothing I suppose.'[61] All that stuff about 'Sam Stone', the soldier junkie daddy, and 'Donald and Lydia', where people make love from ten miles away. Nobody but Prine could write like that."[62]

Johnny Cash, in his autobiography Cash, wrote, "I don't listen to music much at the farm, unless I'm going into songwriting mode and looking for inspiration. Then I'll put on something by the writers I've admired and used for years — Rodney Crowell, John Prine, Guy Clark, and the late Steve Goodman are my Big Four ..."[63]

Roger Waters, when asked by Word Magazine in 2008 if he heard Pink Floyd's influence in newer British bands such as Radiohead, replied, "I don't really listen to Radiohead. I listened to the albums and they just didn't move me in the way, say, John Prine does. His is just extraordinarily eloquent music — and he lives on that plane with Neil Young and Lennon."[64]

Prine's influence is seen in the work of younger artists, whom he often mentored, including Jason Isbell, Amanda Shires, Brandi Carlile, Sturgill Simpson, Kacey Musgraves, Margo Price, Tyler Childers, and Robin Pecknold.[65][66]

Awards and honors

Grammy Awards

The Grammy Awards are annually presented by The Recording Academy for outstanding achievements and artistic excellence in the recording arts. Prine won two Grammy Awards out of 13 nominations, as well as a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.[67]

Grammy Award nominations for John Prine

Year	Nominated work	Category	Result
1972	John Prine	Best New Artist	Nominated
1986	German Afternoons	Best Contemporary Folk Recording	Nominated
1988	John Prine Live	Best Contemporary Folk Recording	Nominated
1991	The Missing Years	Best Contemporary Folk Album	Won
1995	Lost Dogs and Mixed Blessings	Best Contemporary Folk Album	Nominated
1997	Live on Tour	Best Contemporary Folk Album	Nominated
1999	In Spite of Ourselves	Best Contemporary Folk Album	Nominated
2005	Fair & Square	Best Contemporary Folk Album	Won
2018	The Tree of Forgiveness	Best Americana Album	Nominated
2018	"Summer's End"	Best Americana Roots Song	Nominated
2018	"Knockin' on Your Screen Door"	Best Americana Roots Song	Nominated
2020	John Prine	Lifetime Achievement Award	Won
2020	"I Remember Everything"	Best Americana Roots Performance	Pending
2020	"I Remember Everything"	Best Americana Roots Song	Pending

Other accolades

• In 2005, at the request of U.S. Poet Laureate Ted Kooser, John Prine became the first singer-songwriter to read and perform at the Library of Congress.[68]
• In 2016, Prine received the PEN New England Song Lyrics of Literary Excellence Award.[29]
• In 2019, Prine was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame with a speech by Bonnie Raitt.[69]
• Over his career, Prine received six awards from the Americana Music Honors & Awards: the Lifetime Achievement Award for Songwriting (2003), Artist of the Year (2005, 2017, 2018), Song of the Year for "Summer's End" (2019), and Album of the Year for The Tree of Forgiveness (2019).
• On June 30, 2020, Illinois's Governor J.B. Pritzker posthumously named Prine the honorary Poet Laureate of Illinois.[70]

Discography

The week after his death, Prine hit number one on Billboard's Rock Songwriters Chart because his singles ("In Spite Of Ourselves", "Angel from Montgomery", "Hello In There", "When I Get To Heaven", and "That's the Way the World Goes Round") all charted in the top 25 of the Hot Rock Song Chart. On the Billboard 200, his 1971 debut album re-entered the chart at 55, and his last album, 2018's Tree of Forgiveness, re-entered at 109.[71]

John Prine studio albums

Year	Album	Peak chart positions						Label
		US [72]	US Country [73]	US Indie [74]	US Rock [75]	US Folk [76]	Can [77]
1971	John Prine	55	—	—	—	—	—	Atlantic
1972	Diamonds in the Rough	148	—	—	—	—	—
1973	Sweet Revenge	135	—	—	—	—	—
1975	Common Sense	66	—	—	—	—	—
1978	Bruised Orange	116	—	—	—	—	—	Asylum
1979	Pink Cadillac	152	—	—	—	—	—
1980	Storm Windows	144	—	—	—	—	—
1984	Aimless Love	—	—	—	—	—	—	Oh Boy
1986	German Afternoons	—	—	—	—	—	—
1991	The Missing Years	—	—	—	—	—	—
1993	A John Prine Christmas	—	—	—	—	—	—
1995	Lost Dogs and Mixed Blessings	159	—	—	—	—	—
1999	In Spite of Ourselves	197	21	—	—	—	—
2000	Souvenirs	—	—	—	—	—	—
2005	Fair & Square	55	—	2	—	—	—
2007	Standard Songs for Average People (with Mac Wiseman)	—	—	37	—	—	—
2016	For Better, or Worse	30	2	7	—	5	—
2018	The Tree of Forgiveness	5	2	2	2	1	26
"—" denotes releases that did not chart

John Prine live albums

Year	Album	Peak chart positions				Label
		US [72]	US Indie [74]	US Rock [75]	US Folk [76]
1988	John Prine Live	—	—	—	—	Oh Boy
1997	Live on Tour	—	—	—	—
2010	In Person & On Stage	85	—	27	1
2011	Singing Mailman Delivers	94	20	22	4
2015	September '78	—	—	—	—
"—" denotes releases that did not chart

John Prine compilation albums

Year	Album	Peak chart positions	Label
		US [72]
1976	Prime Prine: The Best of John Prine	196	Atlantic
1993	Great Days: The John Prine Anthology	—	Rhino

Other appearances

Year	Song	Album
1994	"Lonely Just Like Me"	Adios Amigo: A Tribute to Arthur Alexander
2004	"My Old Kentucky Home"	Beautiful Dreamer: The Songs of Stephen Foster
2010	"This Guitar Is for Sale"	Twistable, Turnable Man: A Musical Tribute to the Songs of Shel Silverstein

John Prine guest singles

Year	Single	Artist	Peak positions	Album
			US Country
1992	Sweet Suzanne	Buzzin' Cousins	68	Falling from Grace soundtrack
2013	Yes We Will	Maria Doyle Kennedy	–	Sing
2020	Memories	Swamp Dogg	–	Sorry You Couldn't Make It
	Please Let Me Go Around Again		–
	How Lucky	Kurt Vile	–	Speed, Sound, Lonely KV (ep)

John Prine video albums

Year	Title	Label
2001	John Prine – Live from Sessions at West 54th	Oh Boy Records Music Video

John Prine music videos

Year	Video	Director
1992	"Picture Show"[78]	Jim Shea
	"Sweet Suzanne" (Buzzin' Cousins)	Marty Callner
1993	"Speed of the Sound of Loneliness" (featuring Nanci Griffith)	Rocky Schenck
1995	"Ain't Hurtin' Nobody"[79]	Jim Shea
2016	"Fish and Whistle (Lyric Video)"[80]	Northman Creative
2016	"I'm Telling You"[81] (featuring Holly Williams)	Joshua Britt and Neilson Hubbard
2016	"Color of the Blues" featuring Susan Tedeschi[82]	Joshua Britt and Neilson Hubbard
2017	"Sweet Revenge"[83]	Oh Boy Records
2017	"In Spite of Ourselves"[84]	Oh Boy Records
2018	"The Road to 'The Tree of Forgiveness'"[85]	Oh Boy Records
2018	"Knockin' On Your Screen Door"[86]	David McClister
2018	"Knockin' On Your Screen Door (Lyric Video)"[87]	David McClister
2018	"God Only Knows (Lyric Video)"[88]	Joshua Britt and Neilson Hubbard
2018	"Summer's End"[89]	Kerrin Sheldon and Elaine McMillion Sheldon
2018	"Summer's End (Lyric Video)"[90]	Oh Boy Records
2018	"When I Get to Heaven (Lyric Video)"[91]	Oh Boy Records
2018	"Egg & Daughter Nite, Lincoln, Nebraska, 1967 (Crazy Bone)"[92]	Oh Boy Records
2019	"My Old Kentucky Home, Goodnight"[93]	Oh Boy Records
2020	"I Remember Everything"[43]	Oh Boy Records

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External links

• Official website
• John Prine discography at Discogs
• John Prine at IMDb
• Doyle, Patrick (April 3, 2020). "John Prine: The Secrets Behind His Classic Songs". Rolling Stone. Retrieved April 12, 2020. (Notes by John Prine about the inspirations for several of his songs)
• A Literary Evening with John Prine and Ted Kooser. March 9, 2005. The Poetry and Literature Center at the Library of Congress.