Juchitán District

Juchitán District is located in the east of the Istmo de Tehuantepec region of the State of Oaxaca, Mexico, covering the southern part of a low-lying corridor through the mountains that separates the Gulf of Mexico from the Pacific ocean. The district has an area of 13,300 km2 and a population as of 2005 of 339,445.

Isthmus of Tehuantepec road and railways. Juchitán in the south
Juchitán District
District
Oaxaca regions and districts: Istmo to the east
Coordinates: 16°26′N 95°01′W
Country Mexico
StateOaxaca

Environment

The climate is warm. The district is relatively flat in the southern coastal plain, bounded by lagoons and then the ocean. Inland to the north it is hillier, rising to the crest of the isthmus and then descending towards the Veracruz coastal plain of the Gulf of Mexico. The land rises to mountains to the West (Sierra Madre de Oaxaca) and the East (Sierra Madre de Chiapas).[1] The municipalities of Santa María Chimalapa and San Miguel Chimalapa contain a large part of the Selva Zoque, the largest tract of tropical rainforest in Mexico, which contains the majority of terrestrial biodiversity in the country.[2]

Economy

Other than in the towns of the trans-isthmus corridor in the west of the district, most people are engaged in agriculture. Near the coast, there is fishing activity, and in some inland areas fine lumber is extracted for use in furniture making.[1] The government has plans to develop the trans-isthmus corridor. This includes improving transportation routes across the isthmus between the Caribbean and the Pacific, and developing an industrial zone along the highway. Other plans include creating coffee plantations and cattle corridors, expanding production of beans, maize and chili and exploiting the bio-genetic resources of native medicinal plants.[3]

La Venta wind farm

The isthmus has reliable, dominant north-south winds. Some pilot wind farms have been built, notably at La Venta.[4] There are plans to build more, although there has been local resistance due to the communal ownership of land and concerns that the annual rental prices offered are too low[5][6] A plan first proposed in 1977 for a dam in Los Chimalapas has been stalled due to environmental concerns.[3] In June 2008 the State of Oaxaca was again proposing construction of a storage dam in the El Corte River basin in the Chimalapa sub-region, with the potential to irrigate 100,000 hectares of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and to supply water to the Salina Cruz Refinery.[7]

Municipalities
Municipalities in Juchitán District

The district includes the following municipalities:[1]

Municipality Area km2 2005
Population		 Indigenous
Population
Asunción Ixtaltepec54714,4386,583
Chahuites1619,929
Ciudad Ixtepec23024,1814,667
El Barrio de La Soledad23313,439
El Espinal838,219
Juchitán de Zaragoza41585,869
Matías Romero1,46038,421
Reforma de Pineda1942,691
San Dionisio del Mar2375,1652,639
San Francisco del Mar4016,874926
San Francisco Ixhuatán4079,050
San Juan Guichicovi56427,64619,367
San Miguel Chimalapa1,5936,5411,988
San Pedro Tapanatepec54513,647609
Santa María Chimalapa3,5728,6433,381
Santa María Petapa14513,8673,294
Santa María Xadani897,2836,114
Santiago Niltepec6804,96156
Santo Domingo Ingenio3557,299465
Santo Domingo Petapa2327,5832,696
Santo Domingo Zanatepec1,02410,716211
Unión Hidalgo13312,9837,230
  • Church of the Virgin of Asunción
  • Municipal Palace of Asunción
  • Kiosk in the Jesus Rasgado park, of Asunción
  • Church in Espinal
  • Palacio Municipal in Ciudad Ixtepec
  • Juchitán Municipal Palace
  • Graffiti in Juchitán
  • Railway Station, the landmark of Matias Romero
  • Street in Santo Domingo Zanatepec

References
  1. "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México: Estado de Oaxaca". Archived from the original on 2010-07-10. Retrieved 2010-07-08.
  2. "Selva Zoque" (PDF). Gulf Coast Bird Observatory. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
  3. Emanuel Gómez (March 2002). "El futuro de la Selva Zoque". La Jornada, Suplemento Ojarasca Nº 59 (in Spanish). Retrieved 2010-06-27.
  4. "3er. Cologuio Internacional Sobre Oportunidades para el Desarrollo de la Ventosa, Oaxaca, Mexico" (PDF). Comisión Nacional para el Uso Eficiente de la Energía. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-08-21. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  5. Karen Trejo (2008-08-14). "Wind parks take over indigenous lands". Latinamerica Press. Archived from the original on 2011-01-07. Retrieved 2010-07-15.
  6. "Wind farms in Mexico to generate green power for Cemex cement company and the Wal-Mart retail chain". Elsevier Ltd. 11 January 2010. Retrieved 2010-07-15.
  7. "Respuestas de las solicitudes de información recibidas el día 25 de de 2008: Folio: UE/LX/0670/2008". SENADO DE LA REPÚBLICA DE MEXICO. Archived from the original on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2010-06-26.
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