Judith Gutiérrez

Judith Gutiérrez
Judith Gutiérrez
Born	December 22, 1927; Babahoyo, Ecuador
Died	March 1, 2003 (aged 75); Guadalajara, Mexico
Nationality	Ecuadorian
Education	School of Fine Arts in Guayaquil, Ecuador
Known for	Painting
Movement	Modern Primitivism

Judith Gutiérrez Moscoso (22 December 1927[1] – 1 March 2003) was an Ecuadorian painter who lived and worked in Ecuador and Mexico.[2] Along with other female artists, she formed part of the Guayaquil School for Contemporary Plastic Arts (Escuela de Guayaquil en las Artes Plásticas Contemporáneas) and was active in militant groups such as the Union of the Women of Guayas (Unión de Mujeres del Guayas), a precursor to Ecuadorian feminist organizations.[2]

In 1964, after Gutiérrez' first solo exhibitions at Ecuadorian galleries such as the Casa de la Cultura "Benjamín Carrión" in Quito, her second husband, the writer Miguel Donoso Pareja, was captured along with other intellectuals by Ecuador's military regime. She accompanied him to Mexico when the regime expelled him there, and she remained there for long periods of her career.[2]

In 1982, Gutiérrez was invited by the Ecuadorian government to exhibit some of her paintings in the National Museum of the Central Bank of Ecuador. This was her first major showing after her return to Ecuador.[3]

She died in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico of a heart attack.[3]

Early life and education

Gutierrez was born on 22 December 1927 in Babahoyo, Ecuador. She was raised Catholic. At an early age her father, a sailor and agriculturalist, sent her to a convent in the Andean city of Riobamba, 30 km from the base of the Chimborazo volcano.[2] The Mexican writer Juan Hadatty Saltos argued that her religious background coupled with the colors and images of the countryside where spent her childhood, greatly influenced her painting style.[2]

Influences

She studied at the School of Fine Arts in Guayaquil, Ecuador, where her most influential professor was Caesar Andrade Faini, someone with whom she had also established a "great friendship," according to scholars writing after her death.[2] Her studies under Faini, which took place after the end of her first marriage, led to a series of early exhibitions in both Guayaquil and Quito.[2][3]

Gutiérrez worked within a school described by El Universo as "modern primitivist," rejecting European forms in favor of natural, essential ones.[4] The natural forms and Christian themes in her work, would intensify upon her move to Mexico and became one of the major motifs in her career, as exemplified by the Paraísos, paintings of Eden-like gardens with groups of nude figures.[2][4]

Important works

Along with the Paraíso and Nocturno series, some of Gutierrez's other major works are: Dancer's Memory of the Artist, Book for The Blind, and The Christ of Santa Elena.

Major themes

Historia de un caballo, a 1995 work, highlights Gutiérrez's flat style and depiction of nature in her work.

Gutiérrez worked in multiple media including painting, sculpture, graphics, decoratives and applied installation. She also made puppets, costumes, and scenery for puppet shows.[2] Gutierrez was known for ingenious composition of figures, incorporating symbols, mystical scenes, as well as some Byzantine characteristics ("Bizantino Tropical" as an art critic once suggested): nature, men, women, the cosmos, are all the general components of her works.[2]

The critic Jorge Dávila Vásquez said that her work featured "the primitivism of those furtive encounters of man with the little demons of his childhood, nurtured by the religious Christian imaginary."[2]

Exhibitions

Gutierrez held numerous individual exhibitions and is represented in many galleries and museums in New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Pasadena, Washington, Great Britain, Osaka, Guayaquil, Quito, Mexico City, Munich, Havana, Guadalajara, Monterrey, Panamá, and São Paulo.[2]

Selected Individual Exhibitions

1963-Escuela de Bellas Artes, Guayaquil, Ecuador
1963-Casa de la Cultura, Núcleo del Guayas, Guayaquil
1964-Casa de la Cultura, Núcleo de los Ríos, Babahoyo, Ecuador
1964-Casa de la Cultura, Quito, Ecuador
1965-Galería Pecanins, Ciudad de México
1966-Galería Pecanins, Ciudad de México
1966-Galería de Ruta 66, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
1967-Galería Pecanins, Ciudad de México
1968-Galería Pecanins, Ciudad de México
1969-La Galería, Ajijic, Jalisco, México
1969-Galería Pecanins, Ciudad de México
1970-Galería Lepe, Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, México
1971-Galería Lepe, Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, México
1971-Centro Deportivo Israelita, Ciudad de México
1973-Galería Lepe, Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, México
1974-Galería del Bosque, Casa del Lago, Ciudad de México
1975-Un Pequeño Rincón de Arte, Ciudad de México
1975-Casa del Lago-UNAM, Ciudad de México
1976-Polyforum Cultura Siqueiros, Ciudad de México
1976-Casa del Lago, Ciudad de México
1977-Galería Arvil, Ciudad de México
1979-Museo de Arte Carrillo Gil, Ciudad de México
1980-Galería Míro, Monterrey, México
1982-Museo Antropológico y Pinacoteco del Banco Central, Guayaquil Ecuador
1982-Museo Banco Central, Cuenca, Ecuador
1982-Museo Camilo Egas, Quito, Ecuador
1983-Galería Madeleine Hollander, Guayaquil, Ecuador
1984-La Galería, Quito, Ecuador
1984-Galería La Manzana Verde, Guayaquil, Ecuador
1985-Galería La Manzana Verde, Guayaquil, Ecuador
1986-Museo de Arte Contemporáneo, Pánama
1989-Lizardi/Harp Gallery, Pasadena, California, USA
1989-Museo Antropológico y Pinacoteco del Banco Central, Guayaquil, Ecuador
1990-Lizardi/Harp Gallery, Pasadena, California, USA
1991-Galería Expresiones, Guayaquil, Ecuador
1992-Galería Arte Acá, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
1993-Galería Arte Actual Mexicano, Monterrey, México
1994-Museo del Banco del Pacifico, Guayaquil, Ecuador
1996-Arte de Oaxaca, México
1996-Casa de la Cultura de Juchitán, Oaxaca, México
1997-Galería Arte Actual Mexicano, Monterrey, México
1998-La Galería, Quito, Ecuador
1999-Museo Municipal de Arte Moderno, Cuenca, Ecuador
2000-Galería Arte Actual Mexicano, Monterrey, México
2001-Instituto Cultura Cabañas, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
2001-Museo Metropolitano de Monterrey, Monterrey, México
2005-"Alchemist of Color", Museum of Raúl Anguiano, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
2006-2007-Alquimista del Color, Museo Antropologico y de Arte Contemporaneo (MAAC), Guayaquil, Ecuador
2007-Alquimista del Color, Museo Bahía de Caráquez, Ecuador

Selective Group Exhibitions

1962-Casa de la Cultura, Núcleo de Los Ríos, Babahoyo, Ecuador
1963-Casa de la Cultura, Quito, Ecuador
1963-Casa de la Cultura, Núcleo del Guayas, Guayaquil, Ecuador
1970-Movimiento de Editores, Ciudad de México
1971-Sala de Cabildo de Tepoztlán, México
1971-Galería Misrachi, Ciudad de México
1972-Museo Latinamericano, New York, NY, USA
1972-Centro de Arte Moderno, Tepoztlán, México
1972- The Eye Corporation, Chicago, IL, USA
1973-Hugh Air West, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
1974-Museo del Valle de Bravo, Ciudad de México
1975-La Mujer en La Plastica, INBA
1975-Polyforum Cultural Siquei-ros, Ciudad de México
1976-16 Artistas de La Plastica Actual, Conservatorio Macional de Música y Banco de Comercio, Ciudad de México
1976-Galería Pro Arte (Arte Presencia, Movimiento Nacional de Mujers)
1977-Mujer, imagen y voz, Museo de la ciudad de México
1978-Actualidad gráfica panorama artístico, Washington, D.C., USA
1978-Museo Bellas Artes de Caracas, Venezuela
1979-Museo de Arte Moderno, Ciudad de México
1979-Congreso Mundial de Sexología, Ciudad de México
1981-Bienial Internacional de Arte, São Paulo, Brasil
1981-Art Expo West Convention Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
1981-Künstlerhaus Bethanien, Munich, Alemania.
1982-Franklin Furnace Archive, New York, NY, USA
1983-35 Mujers, Museo de Arte Carillo Gil, Ciudad de México
1984-2nd Bienil de La Habana, Cuba
1990-College of Creative Studies Gallery, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
1991-III Bienal de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
1992-Expo Arte Guadalajara, Ciudad de México
1994-Expo Arte Guadalajara, Ciudad de México
1995-Galería Alejandro Gallo, Guadalajara, México
1995-Museo Wifredo Lam, La Habana, Cuba
1995-Galería Óscar Román, Ciudad de México
1995-Perfiles Gráficos, Near Northwest Arts Council Gallery, Chicago, IL, USA
1995-La Caba, Ajijic, Jalisco, México
1995-4 Artistas de Latinoamérica, Mexican Fine Arts Center Museum, Chicago, IL, USA
1997-Expo Arte, Guadalajara, México
1997-Museo de las Artes, Universidad de Guadalajara, México
1997- Trienal de Osaka, Osaka, Japan
1997-Intercambio de grabadores de Bristol y Guadalajara, The Bristol City Museum and Art gallery, Great Britain
1997-Arcángeles en la tradición latinoamericana: interpretaciones contemporaneas, Museum of Latin American Art, Long Beach, CA, USA
1999-Del desencanto à la armonía, Museo del Centenario, Monterrey, México
1999-Haus Der Kunst, Guadalajara, México
1999-Dia de muertos, Haus Der Kunst, Guadalajara, México
2000-Galería Topor, Guadalajara, México
2000-Museo El Centenario, Monterrey, México
2001-Arte Objeto, La Mandrágora, Guadalajara, México
2001-Arte en piedra, Instituto Cultural Cabañas, Guadalajara, México
2011-2012-The Good, the Bad, the Ugly?: Works from MOLAA's Permanent Collection, Museum of Latin American Art, Long Beach, CA USA
2013-Disrupted Nature, Museum of Latin American Art, Long Beach, CA, USA

References

Saltos, Juan Hatatty (2003). "Judith Gutiérrez: Una artista de Ecuador". ArchipiéLAgo. 5 (40): 58–63. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
"Falleció pintora Judith Gutiérrez". El Universo. 3 March 2003. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
Kronfle, Rodolfo (16 March 2003). "Los paraísos de Judith Gutiérrez". El Universo. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
Gutierrez, Judith (1993). Judith Gutiérrez : del suspiro. Monterrey: Arte Actual Mexicano.
Gutiérrez, Judith (2001). Retorno a los sueños. Monterrey: Museo Metropolitano del Monterrey.
Gutiérrez, Judith (1982). Judith Gutiérrez : el paraíso y otras estancias : pinturas, tapices, libros de artista, instalación. [Guayaquil, Ecuador?]: Banco Central del Ecuador.

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[saltos-2] Saltos, Juan Hatatty (2003). "Judith Gutiérrez: Una artista de Ecuador". ArchipiéLAgo. 5 (40): 58–63. Retrieved 5 March 2016.

[Universo030303-3] "Falleció pintora Judith Gutiérrez". El Universo. 3 March 2003. Retrieved 5 March 2016.

[Universo031603-4] Kronfle, Rodolfo (16 March 2003). "Los paraísos de Judith Gutiérrez". El Universo. Retrieved 5 March 2016.

[5] Gutierrez, Judith (1993). Judith Gutiérrez : del suspiro. Monterrey: Arte Actual Mexicano.

[6] Gutiérrez, Judith (2001). Retorno a los sueños. Monterrey: Museo Metropolitano del Monterrey.

[7] Gutiérrez, Judith (1982). Judith Gutiérrez : el paraíso y otras estancias : pinturas, tapices, libros de artista, instalación. [Guayaquil, Ecuador?]: Banco Central del Ecuador.