Kauaeranga Valley

Kauaeranga Valley is a valley created by the Kauaeranga River, which flows from the Coromandel Range southwest to the Firth of Thames at Thames, New Zealand. Kauaeranga Valley Road is the only significant road in the valley.

Kauaeranga Valley
View from a campsite of the Kauaeranga Valley
Coordinates: 37.122°S 175.630°E
Country	New Zealand
Region	Waikato
Territorial authority	Thames-Coromandel District
Ward	Thames Ward
Population  (2018)[1]
• Total	588

Kauaeranga Visitor Centre is an information centre run by the Department of Conservation. It accepts payment for camping at the numerous campsites further along the road, and organises accommodation at two cottages next to the centre. The centre is 13 kilometres from Thames on Kauaeranga Valley Road.[2] The road is sealed to this point, and gravel for the remaining 9 kilometres. Short walks, day tramps and multi-day tramps start from the road beyond the centre.[3][4]

The Pinnacles Walk is a tramp from the end of Kauaeranga Valley Road to the summit of a volcanic plug, 759 metres above sea level. The return tramp takes eight hours and is often done over two days.[5]

Pinnacles Hut with 80 bunks and Crosbies Hut with 10 bunks provide basic overnight accommodation for the multi-day tramps.[6][7]

History

The local iwi, Ngāti Maru, called the area Waiwhakauaeranga ("waters of the stacked jaw bones") in memory of a battle after which they piled the jaw bones of their enemies on the side of the river.[8]

The valley was a rich source of kauri timber, and numerous dams and several tramlines were built to facilitate harvesting in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[9][10]

In some parts of the valley, farms were established with five lots made available in 1880. Lack of roads and severe weather made farming difficult, so land was allowed to revert to bush. There was little farmed land left by the late 1960s.[11]

Residents first requested that the Auckland Education Board establish a school in the valley in 1896, but the Kauaeranga Valley School did not open until 1903.[12] The initial roll was 30 students. By 1946, with the road to Thames having improved and many children going to school there, the roll had fallen to seven, and the school closed.[13]

A post and telegraph office opened in 1903[14] The Post Office closed in 1953, with rural delivery taking its place. A telephone office operated from the closure of the post office until 1955, when an automatic exchange would have rendered it uneccessary.[15]

The Kauaeranga Valley Dairy Company opened a factory in November 1907 to produce milk and butter. It closed in September 1908 and moved to Parawai, where it was defunct by 1910.[16]

A road between Thames and Tairua was proposed in 1909, with the recommended route going through the Kauaeranga Valley, up the Piraunui Valley, across the Hihi saddle, and down the third branch of Tairua River. In 1926, a track was created over this route, and the following year, 100 men started work to convert it to a road, but the work was abandoned later that year. After the Second World War, a route further south along the Kirikiri Stream gained favour, and the road which is now State Highway 25A was built from 1961, opening to traffic in March 1967.[17]

From 1957, an electric power line was built from Thames, through the Kauaeranga Valley and north to Coroglen. This was complete by 1959.[18]

Coromandel Forest Park was established in 1970 to provide protection for the remaining native forest, and took over the remaining farmland.[19]

Demographics

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
2006	531	—
2013	564	+0.87%
2018	588	+0.84%
Source: [1]

The Pinnacles in Kauaeranga Valley

Kauaeranga had a population of 588 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 24 people (4.3%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 57 people (10.7%) since the 2006 census. There were 207 households. There were 294 males and 291 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.01 males per female. The median age was 48.6 years, with 102 people (17.3%) aged under 15 years, 72 (12.2%) aged 15 to 29, 285 (48.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 129 (21.9%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 88.3% European/Pākehā, 18.9% Māori, 1.0% Pacific peoples, 1.0% Asian, and 2.0% other ethnicities (totals add to more than 100% since people could identify with multiple ethnicities).

The proportion of people born overseas was 15.3%, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people objected to giving their religion, 62.2% had no religion, 26.5% were Christian, 0.5% were Hindu, 1.0% were Buddhist and 2.6% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 105 (21.6%) people had a bachelor or higher degree, and 87 (17.9%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $28,900. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 222 (45.7%) people were employed full-time, 96 (19.8%) were part-time, and 15 (3.1%) were unemployed.[1]

References

1. "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Kauaeranga (167500). 2018 Census place summary: Kauaeranga
2. "Kauaeranga Visitor Centre". Department of Conservation. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
3. "Kauaeranga Valley". Department of Conservation. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
4. "Kauaeranga valley and Broken Hills" (PDF). Department of Conservation. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
5. "The Pinnacles". Destination Coromandel. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
6. "Pinnacles Hut". Department of Conservation. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
7. "Crosbies Hut". Department of Conservation. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
8. "Kauaeranga Valley". Tourism New Zealand. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
9. "Kauaeranga Valley". Destination Coromandel. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
10. "Kauri Driving Dams". Department of Conservation. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
11. "History of Crosbies Settlement". Department of Conservation. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
12. "Local and General News". New Zealand Herald. 19 December 1903. p. 7.
13. Berry 2007, pp. 98–100.
14. "Untitled". Thames Star. 28 August 1903. p. 10.
15. Berry 2007, pp. 126–127.
16. Berry 2007, pp. 127–129.
17. Berry 2007, pp. 46–51.
18. Berry 2007, pp. 130–131.
19. Wilton, David (2008). "Crosbies Settlement – Coromandel Forest Park, NZ - Description, History and Photos". The Thames-Hauraki-Coromandel Research Centre & Archive.

Further reading

Berry, Allan, ed. (2007). The Kauaeranga Valley : a brief history of the Ngāti Maru in the valley and the immediate area, and of the pākehā pioneers and settlers. ISBN 9780473126735.