Kreis Bomst

The district of Bomst was a district which existed from 1793 to 1807 in the province of South Prussia and from 1815 to 1938 successively in the Grand Duchy of Posen, the Province of Posen and the Frontier March of Posen-West Prussia. The district capital was Wollstein.

Location of Kreis Bomst

History

After the Second Partition of Poland in 1793, the area around the towns of Bomst and Wollstein formed the Bomst district in the Prussian province of South Prussia. Through the Treaties of Tilsit, the Bomst district became part of the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807. After the Congress of Vienna, the district became part of the Grand Duchy of Posen in 1815, which became the Prussian Province of Posen in 1848. The province of Posen belonged to the newly founded German Empire from January 18, 1871.

In the course of district reforms, on January 1, 1818, the Bomst district ceded the area around the town of Neutomischel to the Buk district and the area around the town of Bentschen to the Meseritz district. In return, it received the area around Priment from the Fraustadt district.

On December 27, 1918, the Greater Poland uprising began in the province of Posen, and by the beginning of January 1919 the eastern part of the Bomst district was under Polish control. On February 16, 1919, an armistice ended the Polish-German fighting, and on June 28, 1919, with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, the German government officially ceded the eastern two-thirds of the Bomst district to Poland. The western part of the Bomst district remained in Germany and became part of the Frontier March of Posen-West Prussia.

On October 1, 1938, the Bomst district was dissolved. The northern part of the district with Bomst and Unruhstadt was transferred to the Züllichau-Schwiebus district in the Province of Brandenburg, while the southern part of the district was transferred to the Grünberg district in the Province of Lower Silesia.

Division of Kreis Bomst in 1919

Demographics

The Bomst district had a mixed population of Germans and Poles. According to the Prussian census of 1860, the district had a population of 52,315, of which 30,767 (58.8%) were Germans and 21,548 (41.2%) were Poles. However due to the faster rate of growth of the Polish population, by 1905, Poles formed the majority in the district.[1]

Elections

The Bomst district together with the Meseritz district formed the Posen 3 parliamentary constituency. In the Reichstag elections of the German Empire between 1871 and 1912, the following members were elected:

  • 1871: Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
  • 1874: Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
  • 1877: Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
  • 1878: Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
  • 1881: Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
  • 1884: Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
  • 1887: Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
  • 1890: Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
  • 1893: Hans Wilhelm von Unruhe-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
  • 1898: Stephan von Dziembowski-Bomst, Free Conservative Party
  • 1903: Hans Otto von Gersdorff, German Conservative Party
  • 1907: Hans Otto von Gersdorff, German Conservative Party
  • 1912: Kuno von Westarp, German Conservative Party

References
  1. Belzyt, Leszek (1998). Sprachliche Minderheiten im preussischen Staat: 1815 - 1914 ; die preußische Sprachenstatistik in Bearbeitung und Kommentar. Marburg: Herder-Inst. ISBN 978-3-87969-267-5.
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