Kurchaloy

Kurchaloy (Russian: Курчалой, Chechen: Курчалой-Эвла[1]) is a town in, and the administrative center of Kurchaloyevsky District, Chechnya. Population: 22,723 (2010 Census);[2] 20,857 (2002 Census);[3]

The mosque in Kurchaloy

Administrative and municipal status

Municipally, Kurchaloy is incorporated as Kurchaloyevsky urban settlement. It is the administrative center of the municipality and is the only settlement included in it.[4] Kurchaloy is also the administrative center of Kurchaloyevsky District.[5]

Geography
Map of Kurchaloyevsky District with Kurchaloy highlighted

The town of Kurchaloy is located in the foothill plains, on the right bank of the Gumsa, a tributary of the Sunzha. It is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of the town of Gudermes and 32 kilometres (20 mi) south-east of the city of Grozny.

The nearest settlements to Kurchaloy are Ilaskhan-Yurt to the north, Mayrtup to the east, Dzhigurty to the south-east, Niki-Khita and Dzhaglargi to the south, Avtury to the south-west, and Geldagana to the west.[6]

History

The name of the Chechen teip "Kurchaloy" laid the basis for the name of the city of Kurchaloy.

Originally, the village of Kurchaloy was located on the Gekhi River, which flows into the Sunzha just north of the village of Alkhan-Yurt. The old village of Kurchaloy was destroyed during the Caucasian War, on 12 April 1826.[7][8]

The village of Kurchaloy was founded at its present site again around 1860.[9]

In 1944, after the genocide and deportation of the Chechen and Ingush people and the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was abolished, the village of Kurchaloy was renamed to Chkalovo, after Valery Chkalov, and settled by people from other ethnic groups.[10] From 1944 to 1957, it was a part of the Grozny Oblast.

In 1957, when the Vaynakh people returned and the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was restored, the village regained its old name, Kurchaloy.[11]

City status

Until gaining city status in January 2019, Kurchaloy was the largest rural settlement in Chechnya.

On 13 February 2018, it was reported that the Chechen government intended to give the village of Kurchaloy the status of a town, and to include the nearby settlement of Mayrtup in it.

On 4 October 2018, the process of converting the village of Kurchaloy into a town began. However, Mayrtup was not to be included into Kurchaloy.[12]

On 29 December 2018, the law was passed which confirmed that Kurchaloy would become a town.[13] The law came into force on 9 January 2019.

Population
  • 1939 Census: 3,643
  • 1959 Census: 5,104
  • 1970 Census: 7,317
  • 1979 Census: 8,437
  • 1989 Census: 9,906[14]
  • 2002 Census: 20,857[15]
  • 2010 Census: 22,723[16]
  • 2020 estimate: 26,581

According to the results of the 2010 Census, the majority of residents of Kurchaloy (22,669 or 99,76%) were ethnic Chechens.

Economy

The economy of Kurchaloy is dominated by agriculture, mostly the cultivation of crops and sugar beets. Most of the existing agricultural processing enterprises were damaged or destroyed during the Chechen Wars.

There is one electro-mechanical plant in Kurchaloy, which produces energy-saving lighting equipment. The plant started its operations on 1 January 2013 and produces universal LED lights.

References
  1. "Ярташ". "Даймохк" газет (in Russian).
  2. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  3. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  4. "О преобразовании Курчалойского сельского поселения Курчалоевского муниципального района Чеченской Республики и о внесении изменений в Закон Чеченской Республики "Об образовании муниципального образования Курчалоевский район и муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав, установлении их границ и наделении их соответствующим статусом муниципального района и сельского поселения", Закон Чеченской Республики от 17 октября 2018 года №47-РЗ". docs.cntd.ru.
  5. "Курчалоевский район (Чеченская Республика)". www.bankgorodov.com.
  6. "Карта Чеченской республики подробная с районами, селами и городами. Схема и спутник онлайн". 1maps.ru.
  7. "Журнал ЗВЕЗДА". zvezdaspb.ru.
  8. "Н. Г. Волкова этнический состав - Документ". refdb.ru.
  9. "Кто они, курчалойцы? - Официальный сайт газеты "Столица ПЛЮС" - Чеченская Республика, город Грозный". www.stolicaplus.ru.
  10. "Потери вооруженных сил России и СССР в вооруженных конфликтах на Северном Кавказе (1920–2000 годы)". www.demoscope.ru.
  11. "О восстановлении Чечено-Ингушской АССР и упразднении Грозненской области". lawru.info (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2019-08-06. Retrieved 2019-10-29.
  12. Узел, Кавказский. "Город Курчалой появился в Чечне". Кавказский Узел.
  13. "О преобразовании сельского населенного пункта - села Курчалой, Закон Чеченской Республики от 29 декабря 2018 года №76-РЗ". docs.cntd.ru.
  14. "Наши издания - Архивное управление Правительства Чеченской Республики". arhiv-chr.ru.
  15. Kashnitsky, Ilya (11 April 2017). "Municipality level Russian Census data 2002 and 2010". doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/CSKMU.
  16. "ВПН-2010". www.gks.ru.

Sources
  • Президент Чеченской Республики. Указ №500 от 30 ноября 2005 г. «Об утверждении перечня субъектов административно-территориального устройства Чеченской Республики». Вступил в силу 30 ноября 2005 г.. Опубликован: База данных "Консультант-плюс". (President of the Chechen Republic. Decree #500 of November 30, 2005 On Adopting the List of the Entities Within the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Chechen Republic. Effective as of November 30, 2005.).
  • Парламент Чеченской Республики. Закон №13-РЗ от 20 февраля 2009 г. «Об образовании муниципального образования Курчалоевский район и муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав, установлении их границ и наделении их соответствующим статусом муниципального района и сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №21-РЗ от 28 июня 2010 г «О внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Чеченской Республики». Вступил в силу по истечении 10 дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вести Республики", №34 (966), 26 февраля 2009 г. (Parliament of the Chechen Republic. Law #13-RZ of February 20, 2009 On Establishing the Municipal Formation of Kurchaloyevsky District and the Municipal Formations It Comprises, on Establishing Their Borders, and on Granting Them the Status of a Municipal District and Rural Settlement, as amended by the Law #21-RZ of June 28, 2010 On Amending Various Legislative Acts of the Chechen Republic. Effective as of after 10 days from the official publication date have passed.).
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