Lachancea kluyveri

Lachancea kluyveri is an ascomycetous yeast associated with fruit flies, slime fluxes, soils and foods.

Lachancea kluyveri
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Saccharomycetes
Order: Saccharomycetales
Family: Saccharomycetaceae
Genus: Lachancea
Species:
L. kluyveri
Binomial name
Lachancea kluyveri
(Phaff, M.W.Mill. & Shifrine) Kurtzman (2003)
Synonyms
  • Saccharomyces kluyveri Phaff, M.W.Mill. & Shifrine (1956)
  • Torulaspora kluyveri (Phaff, M.W.Mill. & Shifrine) Kock. (1982)
  • Saccharomyces smittii Capr. (1958)
  • Saccharomyces silvestris Jensen (1967)

Habitat

The habitat of L. kluyveri is not well known because only about 30 isolates have been recorded. It is, however, thought to be environmentally widespread. First described as Saccharomyces kluyveri in 1956 from fruit flies in California,[1] this species has been isolated from slime fluxes on tree, soils in North America and Europe,[2][3] and cheeses.[4] It has also been reported as an agent of disseminated mycosis in a patient with HIV/AIDS.[5]

Biology

Lachancea kluyveri is a budding yeast related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or baker's yeast, the model organism intensively used in biochemistry, genetics and cell biology. In 2003 it was transferred from the genus Saccharomyces to the genus Lachancea named for Canadian mycologist and yeast biologist Marc-André Lachance.[6] Saccharomyces cerevisiae and L. kluyveri have several fundamental differences that warrant genomic comparisons. First, like most cell types, L. kluyveri resorts to fermentation (degrading sugars in the absence of oxygen) only when oxygen is limiting. S. cerevisiae, on the other hand, prefers to carry out fermentation even in the presence of oxygen. This means that L. kluyveri makes a more efficient use of glucose for energy production. Therefore, L. kluyveri provides a contrasting model to one of the most unusual features of S. cerevisiae. Second, L. kluyveri has a simpler genome organization than S. cerevisiae: it appears to have become a species before the whole genome duplication that occurred in the Saccharomyces lineage. As a result, its genome is smaller (about 9.5 million base pairs) than that of S. cerevisiae with fewer duplicated genes. Additionally, L. kluyveri is becoming more widely used as a model organism and for industrial applications, such as the production of proteins, since its biomass yield is greater than that of S. cerevisiae due to more efficient use of glucose.[7]

Sequencing information
Genomic information
NCBI genome ID69
Ploidydiploid
Genome size12.6 Mb
Number of chromosomes8 pairs
Year of completion2002

The L. kluyveri genome was originally sequenced in 2002 to approximately 3.5× whole genome shotgun (WGS) coverage.[7]

References
  1. Phaff, H. J.; Miller, M. W.; Shifrine, M. (1956). "The taxonomy of yeasts isolated from Drosophila in the Yosemite region of California". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 22 (2): 145–61. doi:10.1007/BF02538322. PMID 13340701. S2CID 23218010.
  2. Miller, M. W.; Phaff, H. J.; Snyder, H. E. (1962). "On the occurrence of various species of yeast in nature". Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata. 16: 1–18. doi:10.1007/BF02136176. S2CID 36912547.
  3. Capriotti, Augusto (1958). "Saccharomyces smittii nov. Spec. A new yeast isolated from Dutch, Italian and Swedish soils". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 24: 215–220. doi:10.1007/BF02548448. S2CID 39312212.
  4. Wojtatowicz, M; Chrzanowska, J; Juszczyk, P; Skiba, A; Gdula, A (2001). "Identification and biochemical characteristics of yeast microflora of Rokpol cheese". International Journal of Food Microbiology. 69 (1–2): 135–40. doi:10.1016/S0168-1605(01)00582-7. PMID 11589552.
  5. Pynka, M; Wnuk, A; Bander, D; Syczewska, M; Boroń, A; Prost, B; Wrzecion, S (1998). "Disseminated infection with Saccharomyces kluyveri in a patient with AIDS". Infection. 26 (3): 184–6. doi:10.1007/bf02771850. PMID 9646114. S2CID 6407225.
  6. Kurtzman, CP (2003). "Phylogenetic circumscription of Saccharomyces, Kluyveromyces and other members of the Saccharomycetaceae, and the proposal of the new genera Lachancea, Nakaseomyces, Naumovia, Vanderwaltozyma and Zygotorulaspora". FEMS Yeast Research. 4 (3): 233–45. doi:10.1016/S1567-1356(03)00175-2. PMID 14654427.
  7. S.kluyveri Genome sequencing project
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