Land reclamation in Metro Manila

The reclamation of land from the surrounding waters of Metro Manila is used to expand the region's limited area of usable, natural land. There are about 25 projects that aims to reclaim more than 10,000 hectares of land in Manila Bay from the city of Navotas to Cavite province.[1]

History
An 1851 map of Intramuros showing the coastlines before the land reclamation in the early 20th century.

The early reclamation within the City of Manila began when the construction of the Manila South Port subsequently moved the coastline westward and obscured Intramuros from the bay, while the moat surrounding the fortifications was drained and turned into a recreational golf course. Post-war period saw the reclamation for the construction of the Manila North Port as additional facilities were built.

In 2017, the City Government of Manila announced that it has approved four reclamation projects: the New Manila Bay International Community (407.43 hectares), Solar City (148 hectares), the Manila Harbour Centre expansion (50 hectares), Horizon Manila (419 hectares) and the 318 hectares Manila Waterfront City.[2] In 2019, the Pasay City Government approved two reclamation projects: the 265 hectare Pasay Harbor Reclamation Project and another 360 hectare reclamation project connected to the SM Mall of Asia Complex. Out of the 25 proposed reclamation projects, the Philippine Reclamation Authority approved four: Horizon Manila (Manila), the Navotas City Coastal Bay Reclamation Project (Navotas), Pasay Harbor Reclamation Project, and the 360-hectare Pasay Reclamation Project (Pasay). Horizon Manila is slated for construction in the second quarter of 2021.[3]

Built
Project name Area Cost Developer Completion date Location Ref.
Manila Bay Freeport Zone (Bay City) 660 hectares Philippine Reclamation Authority 1986 Manila, Pasay and Parañaque
Manila Harbour Centre 79 hectares R-II Builders Manila
Port of Manila 137.5 hectares Philippine Ports Authority

Manila Bay Freeport Zone (Bay City)
Main article: Bay City, Metro Manila
Aerial view of the SM Mall of Asia Complex and some parts of the Bay City.

Bay City or the Manila Bay Freeport Zone is the 660-hectare reclamation area that is split between the cities of Manila and Pasay on the north side and Parañaque on the south.[4] The original plan was to reclaim 3,000 hectares of land in Manila Bay. It is known for the 77-hectare (190-acre) Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex, the SM Mall of Asia Complex, the Aseana City business park, integrated resorts and casino complex such as the City of Dreams Manila, Okada Manila and Solaire Resort & Casino, and the Asiaworld compound where the Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange is situated.

Manila Harbour Centre

The 79-hectare Manila Harbour Centre is a mixed-use industrial estate and shipping facility located north of the Port of Manila (Manila North Harbor). It contains several industrial and commercial developments, as well as port and port-related facilities. A 50-hectare land reclamation expansion was approved by the Manila City Government in 2017.

Port of Manila
Main article: Port of Manila

The 137.5-hectare Port of Manila is entirely built up of reclaimed land. The port includes the Manila North Harbor, Manila South Harbor and the Manila International Container Terminal. It is located in the districts of Tondo and Port Area. It also includes the community Baseco, which is largely located on Engineer's Island.

Under-construction
Project name Area Cost Developer Completion date Location Ref.
Navotas City Coastal Bay Reclamation Project 650 hectares PHP 57.4 billion Navotas City Government Navotas

The 650-hectare reclamation project in Navotas was approved in by the Philippine Reclamation Authority in 2018. It is envisioned to create a mixed-use community with residential, institutional, commercial and industrial areas suitable for port facilities, marine and tourism.[5] It is the only reclamation project that is currently being implemented.[6]

Approved
Project name Area Cost Developer Completion date Location Ref.
Horizon Manila 419 hectares PHP 100 billion Manila City Government, JBROS Construction Corp. 2027-2029 Manila
Pasay Harbor Reclamation Project 265 hectares Pasay City Government Pasay
Pasay 360-hectare reclamation project 360 hectares Pasay City Government, SM Prime

Horizon Manila
Main article: Horizon Manila

Horizon Manila is an upcoming mixed-use planned community to be built on a 419-hectare reclaimed land in Manila. It was approved by the Philippine Reclamation Authority in 2019 and construction will commence on the second quarter of 2021.[7][3]

Pasay Harbor Reclamation Project

The Pasay Harbor Reclamation Project will entail the reclamation of 265 hectares of land on the city's municipal waters. It was approved in 2019.[7][8][9]

Pasay 360-hectare reclamation project

In 2019, the proposal by SM Prime to reclaim 360 hectares of land and build a mixed-use township on the city's municipal waters was approved. It will be connected to the SM Mall of Asia Complex in Bay City.[10][11]

Planned and/or proposed
  • Baseco Reclamation Project: A planned 40-hectare reclamation project proposed by Chinese-Filipino consortium UAA Kinming located west of Engineer's Island, and before the planned 407-hectare reclamation of the same developer.
  • BRADI Smart Harbor Manila: A 200-hectare reclamation project proposed by the Baseco Rehabilitation and Development, Inc. (BRADI), which is still in the application stage.
  • Manila Harbour Centre expansion: A 50 hectare reclamation project west of the existing 79-hectare Manila Harbor Center. It was approved by the Manila City Government in 2016, pending the approval of national government agencies.[15]
  • Manila Solar City: A 148-hectare reclamation project to be built through a joint venture between the City Government of Manila and the Manila Goldcoast Development Corporation. It will contain a mixed-use township and was planned in the 1990s but was stalled several times. It was finally approved by the City Government of Manila in 2017.[2]
  • Manila Waterfront City: A 318-hectare reclamation project located westward from Rizal Park and extending up to the breakwater of Manila South Harbor. It is the second biggest reclamation project in Manila after Horizon Manila. It was approved by the City Government of Manila in 2017.[2]
  • New Manila Bay–City of Pearl: Also known as the Baseco Reclamation Project and the New Manila Bay International Community. It is a 407-hectare reclamation project and a mixed-use planned township proposed by UAA Kinming. It was approved by the City Government of Manila in 2017.[2]

References
  1. Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (January 14, 2020). "PRRD not keen on Manila Bay reclamation projects". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
  2. "PDS Manila Waterfront City Reclamation Project" (PDF). Environmental Management Bureau. Retrieved October 28, 2020.
  3. Abanes, Mariel (October 23, 2020). "A Sneak Peek At Manileño: The City Of Tomorrow". Metro.Style. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
  4. Nas, P (2005). Directors of urban change in Asia. Routledge. p. 159. ISBN 0-415-35089-1.
  5. "Major Projects, Programs and Activities, Beneficiaries, and Status" (PDF). Philippine Reclamation Authority. Retrieved October 28, 2020.
  6. "News Monitoring 04_22_2019" (PDF). Department of Environment and Natural Resources. Retrieved October 28, 2020.
  7. "4 Manila Bay reclamation projects get greenlight as gov't dispels flooding fears". ABS-CBN News. December 12, 2019. Retrieved September 24, 2020.
  8. Rosales, Elijah Felice. "Pasay City reclamation project gets PCC's nod". BusinessMirror. Retrieved September 24, 2020.
  9. Gonzales, Anna Leah E. (October 1, 2019). "PCC approves joint venture for 265-hectare project". The Manila Times. Retrieved September 24, 2020.
  10. Dumlao-Abadilla, Doris (December 6, 2019). "SM Prime bags 360-hectare Pasay reclamation deal". Inquirer.net. Retrieved October 28, 2020.
  11. "SM Prime gets notice to proceed for Pasay reclamation project". Philippine News Agency. December 6, 2019. Retrieved October 28, 2020.
  12. "Private-Public Partnership Service - Laguna Lakeshore Expressway Dike". Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2013-11-13.
  13. "PPP Center - Laguna Lakeshore Expressway Dike". Archived from the original on 2015-04-09. Retrieved 2015-04-04.
  14. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-08-12. Retrieved 2014-08-12.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  15. "R-II Builders takes on P7.4B reclamation project to expand Manila Harbour Centre". PortCalls Asia. July 25, 2016. Retrieved October 26, 2020.
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