Leônidas

Leônidas da Silva (Portuguese pronunciation: [leˈõnidɐz dɐ ˈsiwvɐ]; 6 September 1913 – 24 January 2004) was a Brazilian association footballer and commentator, who played as a forward. He is regarded as one of the most important players of the first half of the 20th century. Leônidas played for Brazil national team in the 1934 and 1938 World Cups, and was the top scorer of the latter tournament. He was known as the "Black Diamond" and the "Rubber Man" due to his agility.

For the Brazilian swimmer, see Leônidas da Silva (swimmer).

Leônidas
Leônidas in 1940
Personal information
Full name Leônidas da Silva
Date of birth (1913-09-06)6 September 1913
Place of birth Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Date of death 24 January 2004(2004-01-24) (aged 90)
Place of death Cotia, Brazil
Position(s) Centre forward
Youth career
1927–1929 São Cristóvão
1929–1930 Syrio e Libanez
Senior career*
Years Team Apps (Gls)
1930 Syrio e Libanez[1][2] 5 (5)
1931–1932 Bonsucesso[1][3][4] 39 (23)
1933 Peñarol[5][6] 16 (11)
1934 Vasco da Gama[1][7] 4 (1)
1935–1936 Botafogo[1][8] 19 (8)
1936–1942 Flamengo[9] 88 (89)
1943–1950 São Paulo[10] 120 (93)
Total 291 (230)
National team
1932–1946 Brazil 19 (21)
* Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only

Club career

Leônidas started his career at São Cristóvão. He then played for Carioca side Sírio e Libanez, where he was coached by Gentil Cardoso. When Cardoso left to coach Bonsucesso, he brought Leônidas with him.[11] Between 1931 and 1932, he played for Bonsucesso before joining Peñarol in Uruguay in 1933. After one year, da Silva returned to Brazil to play for Vasco da Gama. He helped them win the Rio State Championship. After playing in the 1934 World Cup, he joined Botafogo and won another Rio State Championship in 1935. The following year, he joined Flamengo, where he stayed until 1941. Once again, in 1939, the team won the Rio State Championship. He was also at the forefront of the movement against prejudice in football, being one of the first black players to join the then-elitist Flamengo team.

Leônidas joined São Paulo in 1942 and stayed at the club until his retirement from playing in 1950.

The bicycle kick

Leônidas is one of several possible players credited for inventing the "Bicycle kick". The first time da Silva used this technique was on 24 April 1932, in a match between Bonsucesso and Carioca. In Flamengo he used this move only once, in 1939, against the Argentinian team Independiente. The unusual volley gained huge fame at the time, propelling it into the football mainstream.

For São Paulo, da Silva used the bicycle kick on two occasions: the first on 14 June 1942, in the defeat against Palestra Italia (currently Palmeiras). Most famously of all, he used it on 13 November 1948, in the massive 8–0 victory over Juventus. The play (and the goal) was captured in an image[12] and is regarded as the most famous picture of the player. In the 1938 World Cup, he also used the bicycle kick, to the delight of the spectators. When he did it, the referee was so shocked by the volley that he was unsure whether it was within the rules or not.

International career

Leônidas played 19 times for the Brazilian national team between 1932 and 1946, scoring 21 goals in total, and scoring twice on his debut. In 1938, he was the World Cup's top scorer with 7 goals, scoring at least three times[note 1] in the 6–5 extra time win over Poland.

Nevertheless, his performance also made him be frequently fouled by the Poles. For the next match, against Czechoslovakia, he was not in the ideal conditions, but the Brazilian staff, concerned for possible punishment in using Niginho in Leônidas place, preferred to keep Leônidas in the team; Italian Football Federation had warned FIFA about Niginho's irregular condition: this player, who had Italian Citizenship, was still legally attached to Lazio, the club he left without permission in 1936, due to fear of being recruited by the Italian Army to the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. Leônidas managed to score against the Czechs, but his injuries got worse, making him definitely unable to be used in the next game – the semifinal against Italy. Brazil lost the match 2–1 and for many years the coach Adhemar Pimenta was criticized as many fans, not aware of Lêonidas true poor conditions, believed his absence was just an option arrogantly made by Pimenta "to rest the player for the final". This version still circulates, despite the fact that Leônidas had written a letter, which was published by certain newspapers at the time, in which he clarified that Pimenta had no choice but to rest him due to the Niginho affair.[17]

The Niginho affair also prevented either of the players from playing in the semi-final. In their place, Romeu was chosen as the team's improvised center-forward for the match, scoring Brazil's goal late in the game.[18] Leônidas returned for the third place match and scored two more goals in a 4–2 win against Sweden.

1934 World Cup statistics

The scores contain links to the article on the 1934 FIFA World Cup and the round in question. The matches' numbers reflect the number of World Cup matches Leônidas played during his career.

Game no. Round Date Opponent Score Leônidas' goals Times Leônidas' playing time Notes Venue Report
11st R.27 May 1934 Spain1–3 (0–3)1 55'90 min.Stadio Luigi Ferraris, Genoa3/results/matches/match=1111/report.html

1938 World Cup statistics

The scores contain links to the article on the 1938 FIFA World Cup and the round in question. When there is a special article on the match in question, the link is in the column for round.

Game no. Round Date Opponent Score Leônidas' goals Times Leônidas' playing time Notes Venue Report
21st R.5 June 1938 Poland6–5 a.e.t.
(4–4) (3–1)		3 18'  93'  104'120 min.Stade de la Meinau, Strasbourg5/results/matches/match=1150/report.html
3QF12 June 1938 Czechoslovakia1–1 a.e.t.
(1–1) (1–0)		1 30'120 min.Parc Lescure, Bordeaux5/results/matches/match=1152/report.html
4Replay14 June 1938 Czechoslovakia2–1 (0–1)1 57'90 min.Parc Lescure, Bordeaux5/results/matches/match=1153/report.html
–SF16 June 1938 Italy1–2 (0–0)0Did not playInjuredStade Vélodrome, Marseille5/results/matches/match=1149/report.html
53rd pl.19 June 1938 Sweden4–2 (1–2)2 63'  74'90 min.Parc Lescure, Bordeaux5/results/matches/match=1151/report.html

Chocolate bar

During the 1938 World Cup, Leônidas was nicknamed Diamante Negro (black diamond). In the next year, Brazilian chocolate manufacturer Lacta purchased from him the right to name a chocolate bar as Diamante Negro.[19] This chocolate brand is still a commercial success in Brazil[20][21]

After retirement

He joined São Paulo as manager in 1953, before leaving football to become a radio reporter and then the owner of a furniture store in São Paulo. Leônidas died in 2004 in Cotia, São Paulo, because of complications due to Alzheimer's disease, from which he had been suffering since 1974. He is buried in the Cemitério da Paz of São Paulo.

Honours

Club

International
Brazil

Individual

Notes
  1. Some sources claimed that da Silva scored only three goals in the victory over Poland instead of the often quoted four. According to Polish experts, Brazil's six goals were scored by: da Silva (18th, 93rd and 104th minutes), Romeu (25th minute) and Perácio (44th and 71st minute). This is now recognised by the RSSSF[13] and also FIFA itself.[14] In November 2006, FIFA also confirmed that he scored only once in the quarter-final replay against Czechoslovakia, not twice as FIFA had originally recorded.[15] This means he finished as the top goal scorer of the tournament with an official tally of 7 goals.[16]

References
  1. "Acervo histórico". Acervo O Globo (in Portuguese). O Globo.
  2. BrFut (in Portuguese)
  3. RSSSFBrasil
  4. BrFut (in Portuguese)
  5. "Pedro y la herencia de los brasileños manyas" (in Spanish). LaRed21.
  6. "De Leónidas Da Silva: El diamante negro" (in Spanish). fronterad.
  7. BrFut (in Portuguese)
  8. BrFut (in Portuguese)
  9. Fla-Estatística (in Portuguese)
  10. saopaulofc.net (in Portuguese)
  11. 1976-, Wilson, Jonathan (14 August 2018). Inverting the pyramid : the history of soccer tactics (Second trade paperback ed.). New York, NY. ISBN 9781568589190. OCLC 1024085926.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  12. http://cdn.bleacherreport.net/images_root/slides/photos/001/816/813/Leonidas-da-Silva-FIFA-Worldcup-Golden-Boot-Winner-1938_original_display_image.jpg?1327026497
  13. RSSSF page on 1938 tournament
  14. match data at official FIFA World Cup site
  15. Media release by FIFA, 16 November 2006
  16. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 3 May 2006. Retrieved 7 January 2016.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  17. GEHRINGER, Max (nov. 2005). Faltaram os papéis. Placar Especial "A Saga da Jules Rimet" n. 3 - 1938 França. São Paulo: Editora Abril, p. 37
  18. GEHRINGER, Max (nov. 2005). Derrota amarga. Placar Especial "A Saga da Jules Rimet" n. 3 - 1938 França. São Paulo: Editora Abril, p. 38
  19. "Brazilian Brands: Diamante Negro - eatrio.net". eatrio.net. 26 April 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2017.
  20. "Leonidas – the real inventor of the brilliance of Brazilian football". CricketSoccer. 14 January 2018. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
  21. Silva, Postado por Rômulo. "TOP 5 - Chocolates mais famosos no Brasil". Retrieved 22 February 2017.
  22. "Leonidas: Brazil's first superstar". FIFA.com. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  23. "World Cup Best Players (Golden Ball)". Topend Sports. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
  24. IFFHS' Century Elections
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