Leuciscidae
The Leuciscidae, commonly known as true minnows, are a large family of the freshwater fish order Cypriniformes.[1]
| Leuciscidae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Sand shiner (Notropis stramineus) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cypriniformes |
| Suborder: | Cyprinoidei |
| Family: | Leuciscidae Bonaparte, 1835 |
| Genera | |
|
See text. | |
They were formerly classified in the family Cyprinidae under the subfamily Leuciscinae, but a 2018 study found them to represent their own family.[2]
Smaller fish in the Leuciscidae are known as minnows, but the term minnow is also used as an unspecific term for tiny freshwater and saltwater fish, especially those used as fishing bait.
Taxonomy
According to a 2018 study, Leuciscidae can be divided into 6 subfamilies:[2][3]
- Subfamily Pogonichthyinae or North American (NA) clade:
- Agosia (longfin dace)
- Algansea (Mexican chubs)
- Aztecula (Aztec chub)
- Campostoma (stonerollers)
- Clinostomus (redside daces)
- Codoma (ornate shiner)
- Cyprinella (satinfin shiners)
- Dionda (desert minnows)
- Ericymba (longjaw minnows)
- Erimystax (slender chubs)
- Exoglossum (cutlips minnows)
- Hybognathus (silvery minnows)
- Hybopsis (bigeye chubs)
- Iotichthys (least chub)
- Luxilus (highscale shiners)
- Lythrurus (finescale shiners)
- Macrhybopsis (blacktail chubs)
- Mylocheilus (peamouth)
- Nocomis (hornyhead chubs)
- Notropis (eastern shiners)
- Opsopoeodus (pugnose minnow)
- Oregonichthys (Oregon chubs)
- Pararhinichthys (cheat minnow)
- Phenacobius (suckermouth minnows)
- Pimephales (bluntnose minnows)
- Platygobio (flathead chub)
- Pogonichthys (splittails)
- Pteronotropis (flagfin shiners)
- Rhinichthys (riffle daces, loach minnows) (including Tiaroga)
- Richardsonius (redside shiners)
- †Stypodon
- Tampichthys
- Yuriria
- Subfamily Phoxininae or Phoxinus (PHX) clade:
- Phoxinus (Eurasian minnows and daces)
- Subfamily Leuciscinae or Old World (OW) clade:
- Abramis (common bream)
- Acanthobrama (bleaks)
- Achondrostoma
- Alburnoides (riffle minnows)
- Alburnus (bleaks)
- Anaecypris (Spanish minnowcarp)
- Aspiolucius (pike-asp)
- Aspius (asps)
- Ballerus (breams)
- Blicca (Silver bream)
- Capoetobrama (sharpray)
- Chondrostoma (typical nases)
- Delminichthys
- Iberochondrostoma
- Iberocypris
- Ladigesocypris
- Leucalburnus
- Leucaspius (moderlieschen)
- Leuciscus (Eurasian dace)
- Leucos
- Mirogrex
- Notemigonus (golden shiner)
- Pachychilon
- Parachondrostoma
- Pelasgus
- Pelecus (sabre carp)
- Petroleuciscus (Ponto-Caspian chubs and daces)
- Phoxinellus
- Protochondrostoma
- Pseudochondrostoma
- Pseudophoxinus
- Rutilus (katum, perlfish and roach)
- Sarmarutilus (South European roach)
- Scardinius (rudd)
- Squalius (European chubs)
- Telestes
- Tropidophoxinellus
- Vimba
- Subfamily Plagopterinae or Creek Chub-Plagopterin (CC-P) clade:
- Couesius (lake chub)
- Hemitremia (flame chub)
- Lepidomeda (spinedaces)
- Margariscus (daces)
- Meda (pikedace)
- Plagopterus (woundfin)
- Semotilus (creek chubs)
- Snyderichthys (leatherside chub)
- Subfamily Laviniinae or western clade (WC):
- Acrocheilus (chiselmouth)
- Chrosomus (typical daces)
- Eremichthys (desert dace)
- †Evarra (Mexican daces)
- Gila (western chubs)
- Hesperoleucus (California roach)
- Lavinia (hitch)
- Moapa (moapa dace)
- Mylopharodon (hardheads)
- Orthodon (Sacramento blackfish)
- Ptychocheilus (pikeminnows)
- Relictus (relict dace)
- Siphateles
- Subfamily Pseudaspininae, or Far East Asian (FEA) Clade:
- Oreoleuciscus (osmans)
- Pseudaspius (redfin)
- Rhynchocypris (Eurasian minnows)
- Tribolodon
References
- "(PDF) Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the Holarctic family Leuciscidae (Cypriniformes: Cyprinoidei)". ResearchGate. Retrieved 2020-11-26.
- Schönhuth, Susana; Vukić, Jasna; Šanda, Radek; Yang, Lei; Mayden, Richard L. (2018-10-01). "Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the Holarctic family Leuciscidae (Cypriniformes: Cyprinoidei)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127: 781–799. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.026. ISSN 1055-7903.
- "Order CYPRINIFORMES: Family LEUCISCIDAE: Subfamilies PSEUDASPININAE, LEUCISCINAE and PHOXININAE". The ETYFish Project. 2018-10-17. Retrieved 2020-11-26.
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