Lice, Turkey

Lice (pronounced [ˈlidʒe]), (Kurdish: Licê‎,[3] Ottoman Turkish: ليجه‎,[4]) is a Kurdish-populated town[5] in Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. The population was 9,644 in 2010. It is located 90 km (56 mi) from the capital, Diyarbakır. In the local elections in March 2019 Tarık Mercan from the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) was elected mayor.[6] As the current District Governor was appointed Cevdet Bakkal.[7]

Lice
Lice
Coordinates: 38°27′0″N 40°39′0″E
Country Turkey
ProvinceDiyarbakır
Government
 • MayorTarık Mercan (HDP)
 • KaymakamCevdet Bakkal
Area
 • District1,025.83 km2 (396.08 sq mi)
Population
 (2012)[2]
 • Urban
11,271
 • District
27,414
 • District density27/km2 (69/sq mi)
Post code
21700
Websitehttp://www.lice.gov.tr

History

the town Lice was the headquarters of the 5th Army Corps of the Turkish army during the Sheikh Said rebellion in 1925[8] and it was a focal point at the beginning of the rebellion. The town was captured on the 20 February by the troops loyal to Sheikh Said.[9] The Kurdish Zirki tribe in the Lice district also supported the Sheik Said rebellion and as a reprisal, the tribes villages Çaylarbaşı, Kurlu, Alataş, Mat-bur and Çağlayan have been demolished and the residing population was killed by troops of the Turkish army.[10] It was reported that the troops of the Turkish Major Ali Haydar have wiped out the majority of the Sheikhs.[11]

On 6 September 1975, Lice was struck by an earthquake rated 6.6 - 6.9 on the Richter scale. Around 1'500 people were killed in Lice according to the mayor.[12]

The Kurdistan Workers' Party or PKK, was founded in the village of Fis, in Lice district on November 27, 1978.[13]

The Lice massacre, during which the Turkish army demolished large parts of the town in reprisal of the death of an Jandarma officer, took place from October 20–23, 1993.[14]

Between 2018 and 2019 localities in the Lice district have often been targeted with curfews declared by the Turkish authorities, which wanted to execute security operations in the district.[15][16][17]

The Kurdish castle of Ataq used to exist near the modern Lice.

References
  1. "Area of regions (including lakes), km²". Regional Statistics Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. 2002. Retrieved 2013-03-05.
  2. "Population of province/district centers and towns/villages by districts - 2012". Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS) Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 2013-02-27.
  3. Adem Avcıkıran (2009). Kürtçe Anamnez Anamneza bi Kurmancî (PDF) (in Turkish and Kurdish). p. 55. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  4. Tahir Sezen, Osmanlı Yer Adları (Alfabetik Sırayla), T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Yayın Nu 21, Ankara, p. 340.
  5. Lokman I. Meho, Kelly L. Maglaughlin (2001). Kurdish Culture and Society: An Annotated Bibliography. p. 248.
  6. "Diyarbakır Lice Seçim Sonuçları - 31 Mart 2019 Yerel Seçimleri". www.sabah.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-09-09.
  7. "Kaymakam Cevdet Bakkal". www.lice.gov.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-17.
  8. Olson, Robert (1989). The Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism and the Sheikh Said Rebellion, 1880–1925. University of Texas Press. p. 42. ISBN 0292776195.
  9. Olson, Robert (1989). p.102
  10. Üngör, Uğur Ümit (2012). Jorngerden, Joost; Verheij, Jelle (eds.). Social Relations in Ottoman Diyarbekir, 1870-1915. Brill. p. 289. ISBN 9789004225183.
  11. Üngör, Umut. "Young Turk social engineering : mass violence and the nation state in eastern Turkey, 1913- 1950" (PDF). University of Amsterdam. p. 238. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
  12. (PDF). 2011-07-27. pp. 235–236 http://www.massemergencies.org/v2n4/Mitchell_v2n4.pdf. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-07-27. Retrieved 2019-11-17. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. Turkey-PKK peace process unravels in Lice by Cengiz Çandar in Al Monitor (9 June 2014)
  14. Ron, James (1995). Weapons Transfers and Violations of the Laws of War in Turkey. Human Rights Watch. pp. 120–121. ISBN 9781564321619.
  15. "Curfew in Lice". Bianet. 12 February 2019. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  16. "Curfew in Lice". Bianet. 24 December 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
  17. "Curfew in Lice in Diyarbakır". Bianet. 26 November 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
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