Lionel Albert

Lionel Albert is a businessperson, writer, and political activist in the Canadian province of Quebec. He is best known for his opposition to Quebec's language laws.

Background and private career

Albert is of Lithuanian Jewish background. His grandfather, Simon Albert, moved to Canada following a regional pogrom in 1905.[1]

A computer analyst in private life, Albert lived in Outremont, Montreal for many years before moving to Knowlton in the Eastern Townships.[2]

Cultural politics in Quebec

Albert is a vocal critic of Quebec's Charter of the French Language (otherwise known as Bill 101) and of Quebec nationalism in general.[3] He argues that the Charter of the French Language violates the rights of Quebec anglophones, and he blames nationalist policies pursued by the Quebec government since 1962 for prompting anglophones to leave the province. He has also written that the French language is not under threat in Quebec and that the province would be more successful economically if it dropped its nationalist focus.[4]

Albert is an ally of William Shaw, a longtime right-wing anglophone activist in Quebec and a former Member of the National Assembly (1976–81).[5] Shaw and Albert wrote a book entitled, Partition - The Price of Quebec's Independence, in 1980, arguing that Quebec could and should be partitioned if it ever declares independence. (Specifically, they argue that the far north should be retained by Canada outright, and that the Outaouais, Abitibi-Témiscamingue, most of Montreal, the territory to the south of the Saint Lawrence River, and some borderlands with Labrador would likely remain in Canada following negotiations).[6] Shaw and Albert also suggest that separation will never happen, on the grounds that nationalist francophone Quebecers have used the threat of separation to extract concessions from the federal government but recognize actual independence would harm their community.[7] They further argue that French Canadians inside and outside Quebec are a distinct group with the right of self-determination, but that residents of the province of Quebec are not.[8]

Albert has continued to express these and similar opinions since Partition's publication. In 1990, for instance, he argued that English Canadians were taking the threat of separatism too seriously.[9] In a public debate in 1994, he suggested that Quebec should be partitioned to prevent more anglophone youth from leaving the province.[10]

Albert's criticisms of Quebec nationalism have sometimes provoked controversy. In early 1990, he wrote a piece in the Montreal paper The Suburban comparing Quebec’s language legislation to Nazism. (When Michael Crelinsten of the Canadian Jewish Congress objected to this analogy, Albert responded by attacking Crelinsten in print.)[11] In the same period, Albert wrote another piece for The Suburban suggesting that francophone Quebecers were "country people" and that anglophone Quebecers were "city people."[12] The paper later apologized for Albert's articles.[13]

Political activism

In 1976, Albert became active with an organization called "The Preparatory Committee for an Eleventh Province". He has acknowledged that his primary concern was to remove language restrictions from anglophone Quebecers.[14]

Albert joined the executive of the Equality Party of Quebec, which was focused on anglophone rights, shortly after its founding in 1989.[15] When speaking at a party rally that year, he argued that the government of Canada could be justified in sending the Canadian Army into Quebec because of threats to the anglophone minority.[16] A Montreal Gazette article subsequently described Albert as belonging to a "redneck anglo-rights fringe" distinct from more mainstream supporters of anglophone rights.[17] Equality Party leader Robert Libman also clarified that Albert’s views were not those of the party.[18] For his part, Albert later said that he did not favour sending federal troops to Quebec, but believed that the federal government should act with "all the force at its command" to protect what he described as threats to a minority culture.[19]

In the 1993 Canadian federal election, Albert ran as a candidate of the unregistered Equality Party of Canada, which was aligned with the provincial party.[20] During this campaign, he was quoted as saying, "The anglo minority in Quebec is just not represented in the House of Commons."[21] He finished well behind Liberal candidate Bernard Patry.

Albert joined the Reform Party of Canada after the 1993 election. He attended the party’s 1994 convention and supported its call for an end to Canada’s Official Languages Act.[22] He later criticized the Canadian Alliance, a successor party to Reform, for working too closely with Quebec nationalists.[23]

In the 2003 Quebec provincial election, Albert ran for the Equality Party in Brome—Missisquoi. He again focused on language issues, saying that incumbent Liberal representative Pierre Paradis had not defended the rights of local anglophones.[24] The Equality Party was nearly moribund in this period; on election day, Albert received less than one per cent of the vote.

In the 2008 Canadian federal election, he supported Conservative candidate Mark Quinlan.[25]

Other views

Albert is a prolific writer of opinion columns and public letters on diverse subjects. Among other things, he written against the metric system, criticized Pete Seeger as a communist propagandist, praised Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet, defended Monsanto, and supported the 2003 invasion of Iraq.[26] During the 2004 American presidential election, Albert attempted to counter the perception that George W. Bush received support from less intelligent American voters. His public letter on this subject included the statement, "Bush leads 55-42 among whites while Kerry leads 82-12 among blacks, who on average are less educated."[27]

He is also opposed to abortion. In 1992, he wrote a piece comparing abortionists with hangmen.[28]

Albert has written that he is not a Zionist.[29]

Electoral record

Federal

1993 Canadian federal election: Pierrefonds—Dollard
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Bernard Patry	39,974	64.98	$32,857
	Bloc Québécois	René de Cotret Opzoomer	10,712	17.41	$16,510
	Progressive Conservative	Gerry Weiner	8,106	13.18	$35,655
	New Democratic	Catherine J. Rideout-Erais	864	1.40	$117
	Natural Law	Ruby Finkelstein	480	0.78	$626
	National	Carlos Roldan	474	0.77	$2,105
	Libertarian	Hugh Rowe	410	0.67	$0
	Equality	Lionel Albert	386	0.63	$5,004
	Commonwealth of Canada	Glenford Charles	108	0.18	$0
Total valid votes			61,514	100.00
Rejected, unmarked and declined ballots			925
Turnout			62,439	81.01
Electors on the lists			77,076
Source: Thirty-fifth General Election, 1993: Official Voting Results, Published by the Chief Electoral Officer of Canada. Financial figures taken from official contributions and expenses provided by Elections Canada.

Provincial

2003 Quebec general election: Brome-Missisquoi
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Pierre Paradis	18,546	55.64	-1.53
	Parti Québécois	Lina Le Blanc	8,093	24.28	-6.59
	Action démocratique	Pierre Plante	6,018	18.05	+6.70
	UFP	Simon Gnocchini	509	1.53	–
	Equality	Lionel Albert	167	0.50	–
Total valid votes			33,333	98.67
Rejected and declined votes			448	1.33
Turnout			33,781	70.44
Electors on the lists			47,955
Source: Official Results, Le Directeur général des élections du Québec.

References

1. "Writer says it's duty to uphold British freedom", Montreal Gazette, 3 April 1989, B2. In this article, Albert also commented that Russians in Lithuania "ought to be transferred back".
2. Ann Carroll, "Fringe candidates all believe in their mission," Montreal Gazette, 7 October 1993, G9; Lionel Albert, "Charisma? What charisma?", Montreal Gazette, 3 November 1998, B3; Lionel Albert, "The Canadian Alliance's mistake in Quebec", Ottawa Citizen, 2 August 2000, A17.
3. Lionel Albert, "Why must majority dictate the language of signs?", Montreal Gazette, 9 January 1987, B3.
4. Lionel Albert, "Why must majority dictate the language of signs?", Montreal Gazette, 9 January 1987, B3; Lionel Albert, "Why Bill 101 must go", Montreal Gazette, 12 July 2000, B2.
5. Don Macpherson, "New party poses little real threat", Montreal Gazette, 30 March 1989, B3.
6. Much of Shaw and Albert's book is devoted to this theme. A map of their proposed partition appears on William Shaw and Lionel Albert, Partition - The Price of Quebec's Independence, (Montreal: Thornhill Publishing), 1980, p. 24. Eugene Forsey wrote a foreword to this book (pp. 13-16), although he did not agree with all of Shaw and Albert's conclusions. See also Peter Brimelow, "It's not too late for Quebec's Anglophones", Financial Post, 12 September 1989, p. 13.
7. Shaw and Albert, Partition, p. 32.
8. Shaw and Albert, Partition, p. 140.
9. Lionel Albert, "Taking separatism too seriously", Financial Post, 6 December 1990, p. 16; Sarah Scott, "What would the `NEW QUEBEC' look like?", Montreal Gazette, 2 February 1991, B1; Lionel Albert, "Prediction is made," Montreal Gazette, 13 February 1991, B2.
10. Geoff Baker, "Threat of partition will make separatists think twice, unity spokesman says", Montreal Gazette, 17 December 1995, A8.
11. Albert Nerenberg, "West-end weekly tabloid gives readers bizarre world view", Montreal Gazette, 13 February 1990, A2. According to Nerenberg's article, Albert likened Crelinsten to a supporter of Hermann Göring. Presumably this analogy, if reported accurately, was intended to be taken as facetious. See also Aaron Derfel, "Francophone group angry despite paper's apology", Montreal Gazette, 1 March 1990, G7.
12. "Weekly newspaper says it's sorry", Montreal Gazette, 19 February 1990, A3.
13. "Paper apologizes for `offensive statements'", Montreal Gazette, 22 February 1990, A6.
14. Shaw and Albert, Partition, p. 29. Shaw was involved with the same organization, although not for the same reasons.
15. Robert McKenzie, "Bourassa still strong despite language row", Toronto Star, 5 April 1989, A22.
16. Don MacPherson, "New party poses little real threat", Montreal Gazette, 30 March 1989, B3.
17. Hubert Bauch, "'Getty the Boo' is West Island anglos' new rallying cry", Montreal Gazette, 1 April 1989, B1.
18. Elizabeth Thompson, "Radicals lead Renaud to shun party's rallies", Montreal Gazette, 2 April 1989, A3.
19. "Sending troops to Quebec opposed", Montreal Gazette, 12 April 1989, B2.
20. Tu Thanh Ha, "Equality wants Ottawa to move in on billboard law", Montreal Gazette, 17 October 1993, A5.
21. Karen Seidman, "One thing fringe candidates have is heart", Montreal Gazette, 21 October 1993, G8.
22. Sheldon Alberts, "Reformers toughen stand against crime", Ottawa Citizen, 16 October 1994, A6.
23. Lionel Albert, "The Canadian Alliance's mistake in Quebec", Ottawa Citizen, 2 August 2000, A17; Lionel Albert, "Alliance should woo federalists", Montreal Gazette, 24 October 2002, A27.
24. "Lionel Albert to carry Equality colors in Brome-Missisquoi", Sherbrooke Record, 19 March 2003, p. 4.
25. Lionel Albert, "Quinlan my Choice", Sherbrooke Record, 19 September 2008, p. 8.
26. Lionel Albert, "Computers reduce the need for metric", Montreal Gazette, 14 January 1985, B3; "Seeger stripes are red", Montreal Gazette, 12 December 1985, B2; "Mugabe's Zimbabwe resembles Allende's Chile", Montreal Gazette, 18 September 2003, A30; Lionel Albert, "Monsanto wrongly attacked", Sherbrooke Record, 23 May 2008, p. 6; Lionel Albert, "Sometimes war is necessary", Sherbrooke Record, 11 November 2003, p. 6.
27. Lionel Albert, "Bush appeals to the intelligent", Montreal Gazette, 16 October 2004, A30.
28. "Treated too kindly?", Montreal Gazette, 14 April 1992, B2.
29. "Not relevant evidence", Montreal Gazette, 3 August 2007, A18.