List of Aztec gods and supernatural beings

This is a list of deities from the Aztec culture, its religion and mythology. Many of these deities are sourced from the Florentine Codex and another Codex and informants.


Ahuiateteo

Ahuiateteo, gods of excess and pleasure.[1]

  • Macuilcozcacuauhtli, the god of gluttony.
  • Macuilcuetzpalin, one of the gods of excess and pleasure.
  • Macuilmalinalli, one of the gods of excess and pleasure.
  • Macuiltochtli, the god of drunkenness.
  • Macuilxochitl, the god of gambling and music, and an aspect of Xochipilli.

Star gods
  • Mayahuel, goddess of Agave. (Also known as woman of the 400 breasts)[2]
  • Patecatl, god of healing, patron god of doctors, peyote (Father of the Centzontotochtin)
  • Ixtlilton, god of medicine and healing,

Centzontotochtin

Cinteteo

Gods of medicine
  • Cipactonal, god of astrology and calendars associated with daytime
  • Oxomo, goddess of astrology and calendars associated with nighttime
  • Cihuateteo, were the malevolent spirits of women who died in childbirth. They were likened to the spirits of male warriors who died in violent conflict, because childbirth was conceptually equivalent to battle in Aztec culture.
  • Titzimitl, were female deities, and as such related to fertility, they were associated with the Cihuateteo and other female deities such as Tlaltecuhtli, Coatlicue, Citlalicue and Cihuacoatl. The leader of the tzitzimimeh was the Goddess Itzpapalotl who was the ruler of Tamoanchan - the paradise where the Tzitzimimeh lived.
  • Cihuacoatl, goddess of childbirth and picker of souls.
  • Coatlicue, goddess of fertility, life, death and rebirth
  • Chimalma, goddess of fertility, life, death and rebirth
  • Xochitlicue, goddess of fertility, life, death and rebirth
  • Itzpapalotl, death goddess, obsidian butterfly, leader of the Tzitzimitl
  • Toci, goddess of healing
  • Temazcalteci, goddess of maternity associated with Toci.
  • Quilazli, Patron of midwives. Also known as Coaciuatl (Cihuacoatl), serpent woman, Quauhciuatl, eagle woman, Yoaciuatl, warrior woman, and Tzitziminciuatl, devil woman. (Individual honorary classes for women)
  • Chantico, goddess of fires in the family hearth and volcanoes
  • Huehuecoyotl, god of old-age and origin patron of wisdom followed by tricks, foolings
  • Huehueteotl, god of old-age and origin

Xiuhtotontli
  • Xiuhtecuthli-Heuheuteotl, the connection of old-age and time
  • Xiuhtecuhtli, god of fire and time.[3]
  • Xiuhtotontli, gods of fire (alternative manifestations or states of Xiuhtecuhtli).
    • Xiuhiztacuhqui, god of the white fire.
    • Xiuhtlatlauhqui, god of the red fire.
    • Xiuhcozauhqui, god of the yellow fire.
    • Xiuhxoxoauhqui, god of the blue fire.

Underworld gods
  • Mictlantecuhtli, god of the Underworld. (Mictlan)
  • Mictecacihuatl, goddess of the Underworld. (Mictlan)
  • Techlotl, god who lived in one of nine layers of the underworld (associated with owls)
  • Nextepeua, god who lived in one of nine layers of the underworld
  • Micapetlacalli goddess who lived in one of the layers of the underworld (wife of Nextepeua)
  • Iixpuzteque, god who lived in one of nine layers of the underworld
  • Nesoxochi, goddess who lived in one of the nine layers of the underworld (wife of Iixpuzteque)
  • Tzontemoc, god who lived in one of nine layers of the underworld
  • Chalmeccacihuatl, god who lived in one of the nine layers of the underworld (wife of Tzontemoc)
  • Xolotl, god of death, associated with Venus as the Evening Star (Double of Quetzalcoatl)
  • Ometeotl, gods of duality.
  • Ometecuhtli, god of substance.
  • Omecihuatl, goddess of substance.
  • Tonacatecuhtli, god of sustenance associated with Ometecuthli
  • Tonacacihuatl, goddess of sustenance associated with Omecihuatl
  • Piltzintecuhtli, god of the visions, associated with Mercury (the planet that is visible just before sunrise or just after sunset) and healing
  • Citlalicue, goddess of female stars (Milky Way).
  • Citlalatonac, god of female stars (Milky Way)
  • Mixcoatl, god of hunting, (old god of hurricanes and storms), associated with the milky way

- Amhimitl is Mixcoatl’s harpoon (or dart) just like Xiuhcoatl is Huitzilopochtli's weapon.

  • Tonatiuh, a god of sun.[2]
  • Nanauatzin, god who sacrificed himself in a fire so that the sun should continue to shine over the world. (Tonatiuh took his place.)
  • Metztli, goddess of moon.
  • Tecciztecatl, represents the male aspect of the moon. Tecciztecatl is the son of Tlaloc and Chalchihuitlicue.

(They have both Venus as association as symbol of twins)

Patterns of War; (1a) Tlaloc, (1b) Xiuhtecuhtli, (2a) Mixcoatl, (2b) Xipe-Totec.

Four Tezcatlipocas
  • Tezcatlipoca, creator god, lord of darkness, lord of the night, ruler of the North. (Black Tezcatlipoca)[4][5]
  • Quetzalcoatl, god of the life, the light and wisdom, lord of the winds and the day, ruler of the West. (White Tezcatlipoca)[2]
  • Xipe-Totec, god of agriculture, fertility, seasons, metalsmiths, and disease, rule of East (Red Tezcatlipoca)[6][7]
  • Huitzilopochtli, god of war, sun, human sacrifice, the lord of the South. (Blue Tezcatlipoca)[8]
  • Tepeyollotl, god of the animals, darkened caves, echoes and earthquakes. Tepeyollotl is a variant of Tezcatlipoca, associated with mountains
  • Itzcaque, god who representation of Tezcatlipoca in his capacity of starting wars for his own amusement.
  • Chalchiutotolin, god of cleanse of contamination, absolve human of guilt, and overcome their fate, variant of Tezcatlipoca
  • Ixquitecatl, god of sorcerers
  • Itztlacoliuhqui-Ixquimilli, god of frost, ice, cold, winter, sin, punishment and human misery. He is also the god of objectivity and blind-folded justice. He is a variant of Tezcatlipoca and associated with the night and the north.
  • Macuiltotec, god of arsenal, Mainly associated with weaponry and the rites of warfare, maybe a form of Tezcatlipoca.
  • Itztli, god of stone and sacrifice. He is a variant of Tezcatlipoca and shares qualities with Itztlacoliuhqui-Ixquimilli
  • Atlatoman, patron goddess of those born with physical deformities or for those unfortunate Mexica who suffered from open sores. This deity was also thought to be the cause of these ailments.
  • Amapan, deity of the tlachtli ballcourt, patron deities of Ullamaliztli (ball game)
  • Uappatzin, deity of the tlachtli ballcourt, patron deities of Ullamaliztli (ball game)
Five Tlaloquê depicted in the Codex Borgia.

Gods of Sacrifice
  • Itzpapalotltotec, god of sacrifice
  • Itzpapalotlcihuatl, goddess of sacrifice.
  • Ehecatl, god of wind.
  • Tlaloc, god of rain and lightning and thunder. He is associated with fertility and agriculture.[2]
  • Tlaloque, Tláloc was also considered the ruler of the Tlaloque - a motley group of rain, weather and mountain gods
  • Chalchiuhtlicue, goddess of running water, lakes, rivers, seas, streams, horizontal waters.[2]
  • Atlaua, god of water, protector of archers and fishermen (The Aztecs prayed to him when there were deaths in water)
  • Opochtli, god of fishing and birdcatchers discoverer of harpoons and the net
  • Huixtocihuatl, goddess of salt and patron of cultivated foods and people in the salt trade
  • Atlacoya, goddess of drought.

Earth gods
  • Tlaltecuhtli, old goddess of earth (changed in the landscape and atmosphere)[2]
  • Tlalcihuatl, old goddess of earth (changed in the landscape and atmosphere)
  • Tlaltecayoa, associated with the round earth
  • Coatlicue, goddess of Earth
  • Tlazolteotl, goddess of lust, carnality, sexual misdeeds.
  • Chicomecoatl, goddess of agriculture
  • Cinteotl, god of maize.[2]
  • Xilonen, goddess of tender maize
  • Chicomecoatl-Xilonen, goddess of tender maize, also sometimes referred to as Chicomecoatl as connection of maize and agriculture and they were both female deities.
Patterns of Merchants; (1a) Huehuecoyotl, (1b) Zacatzontli, (2a) Yacatecuhtli, (2b) Tlacotzontli, (3a) Tlazolteotl, (3b) Tonatiuh.

Art gods
  • Ppilimtec, god of music and poetry
  • Omacatl, god of feast and joy
  • Xippilli, god of the verdant fields associated with summer.
  • Xochipilli, god of love, art, games, beauty, dance, flowers, maize, fertility, and song.
  • Xochiquetzal, goddess of fertility, beauty, female sexual power, protection of young mothers, pregnancy, childbirth, and women's crafts.
  • Xochitlicue, goddess of growthiness, she is the mother of the twin gods Xochiquetzal and Xochipilli.

Gods of travel
  • Yacatecuhtli, patron god of commerce and travelers, especially business travelers
  • Zacatzontli, god of roads 'sacbeob' (He can be a protector for merchants)
  • Malinalxochitl, goddess or sorceress of snakes, scorpions and insects of the desert.
  • Nappatecutli, patron god of mat-makers.
  • Ilamatecuthli, goddess of weavers and patron goddess of weaver guilds

References
  1. "Aztec Pantheon". Ancient History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2020-10-01.
  2. Ph. D., Anthropology; M. A., Anthropology; B. A., Humanities. "The 10 Most Important Aztec Gods and Goddesses". ThoughtCo. Retrieved 2020-10-01.
  3. "Xiuhtecuhtli". Ancient History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2020-10-01.
  4. "Tezcatlipoca". Mythopedia. Retrieved 2020-10-01.
  5. Willis, Roy G. (1993). World Mythology. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-8050-2701-3.
  6. "Xipe Totec". Mythopedia. Retrieved 2020-10-01.
  7. "Xipe Totec". Ancient History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2020-10-01.
  8. "Huitzilopochtli | Aztec god". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-10-01.
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