List of Ukrainian rulers

This is a list that encompasses and includes all reigning leaders/rulers in the history of Ukraine.

List of Ukrainian Rulers

Personal seal of Yaroslav the Wise

This page includes the titles of the Grand Prince of Kyiv, Grand Prince of Chernihiv, Grand Prince of Pereyaslavl, Grand Prince of Galicia–Volhynia, Hetman of Ukraine and President of Ukraine. The following list begins with the leaders who ruled over the territory of Ukraine during Antiquity and is followed by the princes who ruled the principalities that constituted Kyivan Rus and continues with the presidents of Ukraine.

The territory has been known by a plethora of names, it has been known historically as: Kyivan Rus, Rus', the Kingdom of Galicia-Volhynia, the Zaporizhian Host and the Hetmanate. The sovereigns of these fluctuating political entities have accordingly been described in a variety of ways: knyaz, knyahenya, korol, hetman and president. Two of the earliest noble titles: knyaz and velyky knyaz translate into English as "Prince" and "Grand Prince" respectively, whilst korol translates into 'king'.

Antiquity (c. 500 BC – 16 BC)

Scythian kings[1]

Scythian king Skilurus, relief from Scythian Neapolis, Crimea, 2nd century BC

Scythia was a loose state that originated as early as the 8th century BC. Little is known of them and their rulers. Most detailed description came down to modern historians from Herodotus.

• Scylas a.k.a. Skyles or Skylla (c. 500 BC – c. 450 BC) – Herodotus describes him as a Scythian whose mother was Greek, he was expelled by his people
• Octamasadas a.k.a. Oktamasades (c. 450 BC)
• Ateas the Thataean (c. 429 BC – 339 BC) – defeated by the Macedonians; his empire fell apart
• Skilurus a.k.a. Skylurus (c. 110 BC) – deposed c. 100 BC by the Sarmatians
• Palacus a.k.a. Palakus (c. 100 BC) – the last Scythian ruler, defeated by Mithridates VI of Pontus

Kings of Cimmerian Bosporus

A silver coin depicting Mithradates VI of Pontus

The shores of Crimea were settled by Greeks since the 7th century BC. The kingdom was established around 480 BC. It was ruled by three consecutive dynasties: Archaenactidae (480 BC – 438 BC), Spartocids (438 BC – 108 BC), and Pontids (108 BC – 16 BC). After Pontids the territory became a Roman client kingdom.

Pontids

• Mithridates VI of Pontus (108 BC – 64 BC)
• Pharnaces (64 BC – 47 BC)
• Asander (47 BC – 17 BC)
• Scribonius (17 BC – 16 BC)

Migration period (c. 200 – c. 800)

In Eastern Europe the Great Migration Period kicked off with the descent of the Goths from the Baltic region into the territory of modern Ukraine, about AD 200. They either took over or assimilated with the local Slavic tribes. The Goths were in turn pushed out by aggressively encroaching Huns, about 375. The Goths went on to conquer Southern Europe and the Huns moved to the Balkans and created a Hunnic Empire which lasted for a hundred years. After splitting of the Empire, some of the Huns moved back north in the territories of modern Ukraine and formed Patria Onoguria, now known as Old Great Bulgaria. In the 7th century Onoguria largely defected to Khazaria – an expanding Turkic state centered in the North Caucuses which controlled the Eurasian steppe until the 9th century.

Gothic rulers

In 238, the Goths for the first time passed the Danube, and took to the Black Sea. The division of the Goths (Thervingi-Vesi and Greuthungi-Ostrogothi) is first attested in 291.

Tervingi

The Balti dynasty, Balth(e)s, Baltungs, or Balthings, existed among the Tervingi ("forest people"), called later the Visigothi. The names of the Drevlyans and the Gothic Tervingi in Ukraine have often been adduced as parallels to agac-ari ("forest men" in Turkic).

• Nidad, reik ("ruler") (c. 218 – 249)
• Ovida, son of Nidad, co-ruler (c. 249 – 273)
• Cniva a.k.a. Kniwa ("knife"), brother of Ovida, co-ruler
• Ilderic a.k.a. Hilderith, son of Ovida, co-ruler (c. 273 – 317)
• Ariaric a.k.a. Ascaric, brother of Hilderith, co-ruler
• Geberic a.k.a. Geberich, son of Hilderith, kindin ("king") (c. 317 – 350)
• Athanaric a.k.a. Aþanareiks ("year-king"), pagan, Gunþi-reik ("battle prince") (365–381)
• Fritigern a.k.a. Frithugairns ("desiring peace"), converted to Arianism, Gunþi-reik (369–382)

Greuthungi

The Amali dynasty, Amals, Amaler, or Amalings of the Greuthungi ("steppe dwellers" or "people of the pebbly coasts"), called later the Ostrogothi.

• Amal (Amala), the Fortunate, born fl. 110 or c. 123
• Hisarna, (Isarna), the Iron One, born fl. 140 or c. 153
• Ostrogotha, the Patient, born fl. 170 or c. 183, died c. 250 in Ukraine
• Hunuil ("Immune to Magic") a.k.a. Ginvila, born fl. 210 or c. 213
• Athal (Athala), the Noble One, born fl. 240 or c. 243 in Ukraine
• Achiulf (Agiulf), born fl. 270 or c. 273 in Ukraine
• Wultwulf (Vultuulf, Vulthulf, Vuldulf), born fl. 300 in Ukraine, died fl. 370, prince of the Goths
• Ermanaric (Hermanaric, Ermanarich, Hermanarik), born c. 303 in Ukraine, king of the Getae/Greutungi/Ostrogoths (335 or 350 – 375 or 376)
• Winithar (Vinitharius), Conqueror of the Venedi-Slavs (Antes), born fl. 345 or c. 353 in Ukraine, the last independent king of the Ostrogoths (376–380)
• Hunimund ("Protege of the Huns"), the Beautiful, born c. 326 in Ukraine, the first Hunnic vassal prince of the Ostrogoths (376-fl.405)

Hunnic rulers

• Balambér a.k.a. Bülümer (Bulümar, Balamir), conqueror of the Ostrogoths (376–378)
• Baltazár a.k.a. Alyp-bi, king of the Western Huns (378–390), buried on Kuyantau (current Kiev)
• Uldin a.k.a. Ulduz, king of the Western Huns (390–c. 411)
• Donatus, King of the Eastern Huns (c. 382–412)
• Charaton a.k.a. Aksungur (Aksuvar), (c. 411–c. 422)
• Octar a.k.a. Oktar (Uptar ?), (c. 425–c. 430)
• Rugila a.k.a. Ruga (Rua, Roila), Yabgu (prince), then king (432–434)
• Mundzuk a.k.a. Aybat, Yabgu (390–434), King(434)
• Bleda, King and ruler of Eastern Huns (Ak Bulgar) (434–445)
• Attila the Hun, Yabgu of Western Huns (Kara Bulgar) (434–445)
• Ellac a.k.a. Ellak, Khagan and ruler of the Sabirs (453–454)
• Dengizich a.k.a. Tengiz (Diggiz), ruler of the Akatziroi, (454–468)
• Ernakh a.k.a. Bel-Kermek (Hernach), ruler of the Bulgars (455–465), and the Akatziroi (469–503)

Rulers of Patria Onoguria

According to Zakarius Rhetor and Priscus Rhetor, Patria Onoguria was a vulgar statelet in alliance with Byzantium established in 463 around Azov having been forced west upon the Akatziroi by the Sabirs who in turn were being attacked. Its 7th century period is commonly referred to as Old Great Bulgaria (~600–~690).

• Ernakh (469–503) raids on Byzantium
• Utigur (503–520)
• Grod (520–528) alliance with Byzantium
• Mugel and Chinialus (528–530) breaks alliance with Byzantium
• Sandilch (mid 6thC) in Southeast supported by Byzantium against Khinialon and Sinnion in Southwest, then Zabergan while Sarosius assists arrangement between Pseudo-Avars in North and Justinian I. Then Kagan Bayan controls the rest of Ukraine for most of the 60s until Sarosius assists Gokturks petition of Justin II to support a "true" Avar candidate in Patria Onoguria against the Pseudo-Avars.
• Houdbaad (c. 581–c. 600)
• Organa (617–630)
• Gostun (2 years)
• Kubrat (632–660) extended dominion of Great Bulgarian Onoguria into Pannonia placing Pseudo-Avars under Kuber in Sirmium.
• Batbayan ruled two years before being challenged and sent to Itil by his brother Kotrag who ensured Khazar rule over a loose confederation of tribal city-states from Kiev in the west to Bolghar in the northeast and the Caspian Gates in the Southeast.

Khazar rulers

Khazar Khaganate controlled much of what is today southern and eastern Ukraine until the 10th century.

• Bulan Sabriel (fl. c. 740)
• Obadiah (c. 786–809)
• Hezekiah ben Obadiah
• Manasseh I ben Hezekiah
• Hanukkah ben Obadiah
• Isaac ben Hanukkah
• Zebulun ben Isaac
• Manasseh II ben Zebulun
• Nisi ben Manasseh
• Aaron I ben Nisi (fl. c. 900)
• Menahem ben Aaron (fl. c. 910)
• Benjamin ben Menahem (fl. c. 920)
• Aaron II ben Benjamin (c. 920s–940)
• Joseph ben Aaron (fl. 940–965)

Rulers of Kiev and Kievan Rus' (c. 375/800 – 1240/1362)

Legendary and historical rulers of Kiev

Portrait	Name	Born-Died	Ruled From	Ruled Until
	Bozh (Bož, Boz, Booz, Box), a king of Antes, the east Slavic people	4th century	?	376
	Alyp-bi (Baltazár), the son of Balambér a.k.a. Bülümer, a khan of the Western Huns who was buried on Kuyantau mountain (current Kiev)	4th century	378	390
	Kyi, a legendary founder of Kiev, a Slavic prince of Kuyavia, most likely eastern Polans	5th–6th centuries	482	?
	Oleg (Helge or Helgi), probably of Danish or Swedish origin, an apocryphal Kiev voivode, under the overlordship of the Khazar Khaganate	8th century	?	?
	Bravlin, probably of Swedish origin,[2] a Varangian voivode in the Rus' Khaganate	8th–9th centuries	c. 790	c. 810
	Askold and Dir (Høskuldr and Dýri),[3] probably of Swedish origin, Varangian konungs, not Rurikids, were rulers (khagans) of Kiev, not Kievan Rus'	? – 882	c. 842[4]	882

Rurik Dynasty

The Rurikids were descendants of Rurik (Ukrainian: Рюрик) (Hrørekr), a Varangian pagan konung or chieftain, who according to the Primary Chronicle was invited to rule Novgorod in 862 and who came to become the ruler of the Northern Slavic tribes of the (Krivchians and Slovene) as well as the Finnish tribes (Meria, Chud and Ves). Later his son or grandson, Prince Ihor, became the Prince of separate Kyivan territories to the south beginning the rule of the Riurykide dynasty of Kyivan Rus. The existence of Rurik is a point of contention for historians, P. Kovaletsky and Omeljan Pritsak believe that Rurik was the same person as Hroereckr (Rorik), the 9th century Norse king of Jutland and Frisia and that pervasive myths and legends about him formed the basis for the primary chroniclers. Alternatively, Alexsei Shakmatov accepts the Primary Chronicle's account as factual and Rurik is a historic being.[5]

Table of rulers

(Note: Here the numbering of the princes is the same for all principalities, as all were titled Princes of Rus', despite of the different parts of land and its particular numbering of the rulers. The princes are numbered by the year of their (first) succession.)

Name	Portrait	Born	Reign	Part	Marriage (s)	Death	Notes
Rurik I (Рюрик) Old Norse: Rørik		Unknown	862–879	Kievan Rus' (in Novgorod)	Unknown at least one son	879	Ruled as Prince of Novgorod. Founder of the family.
Oleg the Seer (Олег Віщий) Old Norse: Helgi[6]		Unknown	879–912	Kievan Rus'	Unknown	912	Varangian kniaz of Holmgård (Novgorod) and Kønugård (Kiev). His relationship with the family is unknown. He was probably a regent, in name of Igor, son of Rurik. Oleg extended his rule over the Derevlianians, Siverianians, Radmichians and Polianians. Began campaigns against the Khazars. Proclaimed himself Prince.
Igor I the Old Igor Rurikovich (Ігор Старий[7]) Old Norse: Ingvar Röreksson		c.878 Son of Rurik	912–945	Kievan Rus'	901 or 902 at least one son	945 Iskorosten aged 66–67
Saint Olga of Kiev (Saint Olga) (Свята Ольга) Old Norse: Helga		c.890 Pskov	945–962	Kievan Rus'		11 July 969 Kiev aged 78–79	Regent on behalf of her minor son, she was baptized by Emperor Constantine VII but failed to bring Christianity to Kiev.
Sviatoslav I the Brave Sviatoslav Igorevich (Святосла́в Хоро́брий) Old Norse: Sveinald Ingvarsson[8]		c.942 possibly Kiev Son of Igor I the Old and Saint Olga of Kiev	962–972	Kievan Rus'	Predslava c.954 two sons Malusha/Malfrida[9][10] c.958 at least one son	March 972 Khortytsia aged 29–30	The first true ruler of Rus' who destroyed the Khazar Khaganate and united all of the Rus' principalities under the Kiev throne.
Yaropolk I Yaropolk Sviatoslavich (Яропо́лк Святосла́вич) Old Norse: Iaropolk Sveinaldsson		c.950 Son of Sviatoslav I the Brave and Predslava	972–980	Kievan Rus'	A Greek nun at least one son	980 Fort of Roden, near Kaniv aged 29–30	Supposedly was baptised into Catholicism, and then was murdered by two Varangians.
Vladimir I the Great Vladimir Basil Sviatoslavich (Володимир Великий/Володимѣръ Свѧтославичь) Old Norse: Valdamarr Sveinaldsson		c.958 Budyatychi Son of Sviatoslav I the Brave and Malusha/Malfrida	980–1015	Kievan Rus'	Olava/Allogia c.977 at least one son A Greek nun (widow of his brother) c.980 at least one son Rogneda of Polotsk c.978 (possibly in bigamy) eight children Adela (of Bulgaria?) at least two children (maximum four) Malfrida (of Bohemia?) Before 1000 two children Anna Porphyrogenita of Byzantium 988 Cherson three children Regelindis (?) of Saxony (granddaughter of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor) After 1011 one or two daughters Unknown two children	15 July 1015 Berestove, Kiev aged 57–58	His early rule is characterized by a staunch pagan reaction but in 988 he was baptized into Orthodoxy and successfully converted Kievan Rus' to Christianity.
Sviatopolk I the Accursed Sviatopolk Yaropolkovich (Святополк Окаянний) Old Norse: Sveinpolk Iaropolksson		c.980 Son of Sviatoslav I the Brave and Predslava	1015–1019	Kievan Rus'	Unknown name (daughter of Bolesław I of Poland) no children	1019 aged 38–39
Yaroslav I the Wise Yaroslav George Vladimirovich (Яросла́в Му́дрий) Old Norse: Jarizleifr Valdamarrsson[11]		c.978 Son of Vladimir I the Great and Rogneda of Polotsk	1019–1054	Kievan Rus'	Ingigerda of Sweden 1019 Novgorod eight or nine children	20 February 1054 Vyshhorod aged 75–76	Prince of Rostov, Prince of Novgorod, and Grand Prince of Kiev; during his reign Kievan Rus' reached the pinnacle of its power.
Iziaslav I Iziaslav Demetrius Yaroslavich (Ізяслав Ярославич) Old Norse: Izjasleifr(?) Jarizleifsson		c.1024 Son of Yaroslav I the Wise and Ingigerda of Sweden	1054–1068 1069–1073 1076–1078	Kievan Rus'	Gertrude of Poland 1043 three children	3 October 1078 Nizhyn aged 53–54	Reigned three times, threatened by the power of his relatives Vseslav of Polotsk (1068–69) and Sviatoslav II of Kiev (1073–76). First King of Rus', Pope Gregory VII sent him a crown from Rome in 1075.
Vseslav I the Seer Vseslav Basil Bryacheslavich (Всеслав Брячиславич)		c.1039 Polotsk Son of Bryachislav of Polotsk	1068–1069	Kievan Rus'	Unknown six sons	24 April 1101 Polotsk aged 61–62	A brief ruler during Iziaslav's official reign. Also Prince of Polotsk.
Sviatoslav II Sviatoslav Nicholas Yaroslavich (Святослав Ярославич) Old Norse: Sveinald Jarizleifsson		c.1027 Kiev Son of Yaroslav I the Wise and Ingigerda of Sweden	1073–1076	Kievan Rus'	Cecilia of Dithmarschen[12] Between 1043 and 1047 five children Oda of Stade (Nordmark) c.1065 one son	27 December 1076 Kiev aged 48–49	A brief ruler during his brother Iziaslav's official reign.
Vsevolod I Vsevolod Andrew Yaroslavich (Всеволод Ярославич) Old Norse: Vissivald Jarizleifsson		c.1030 Son of Yaroslav I the Wise and Ingigerda of Sweden	1078–1093	Kievan Rus'	Anastasia of Byzantium c.1053 two children Anna of the Kipchaks c.1070 four children	13 April 1093 Vyshhorod aged 62–63	Usurped the throne from his nephew, Yaropolk Iziaslavich.
Saint Yaropolk (III) Izyaslavich Yaropolk Peter Iziaslavich (Ярополк Ізяславич) Old Norse: Iaropolk Izjasleifsson (?)		c.1043 Son of Iziaslav I and Gertrude of Poland	1078–1087	Kievan Rus'	Kunigunde of Meissen c.1071 four children	22 November 1087 Zvenyhorod aged 62–63	As hereditary King of Rus (title assumed until his death), was a legitimate contestant for the throne, usurped by his uncle.
Sviatopolk II Sviatopolk Michael Iziaslavich (Всеволод Ярославич) Old Norse: Sveinpolk Izjasleifsson (?)		8 November 1050 Son of Iziaslav I and Gertrude of Poland	1093–1113	Kievan Rus'	Unknown name (daughter of Spytihněv II of Bohemia)[13] c.1085 three children Olenna of the Kipchaks c.1094 four children	26 April 1113 Vyshhorod aged 62	Recovered the throne of his father from his uncle. However, his descendants lost their rights to the Kievan throne. After the division of the territory made in the Council of Liubech of 1097, Kievan Rus' gradually lost its importance, and from 1132 changed name to Kiev.
After the Council of Liubech in 1097 Kievan Rus' entered a feudal period and was divided into principalities ruled by the Rurikid family princes who were in a constant power struggle with each other. Major principalities were: Galicia-Volhynia, Kiev, Chernihiv, and Pereyaslavl. In the period of 1240–1362, the three latter ones were forced to accept the Golden Horde overlordship. See List of early East Slavic states
David I Sviatoslavich		1050	1097–1123	Chernigov	Teodosia five children	1123	Son of Sviatoslav II.
David I Igorevich		1055	1097–1099	Volhynia	Unknown three children	25 May 1112	Grandson of Yaroslav I.
Vladimir II Monomakh Vladimir Basil Vsevolodovich (Володимир Мономах) Old Norse: Valdamarr Vissivaldsson		1053 Son of Vsevolod I and Anastasia of Byzantium	1097–1113	Pereyaslavl	Gytha of Wessex c.1074 five or six children Euphemia of Byzantium c.1100 six or seven children Unknown name (daughter of Aepa Ocenevich, Khan in Cumania) After 1107 no known children	19 May 1125 Kiev aged 71–72	Ruled against his relative Sviatopolk II until his own accession to the throne in 1113. He is considered to be the last ruler of the united Kievan Rus'.
			1113–1125	Kievan Rus'
Mstislav Sviatopolkovich		?	1099	Volhynia	Unknown	1099	Son of Sviatopolk II.
Yaroslav Sviatopolkovich		c. 1070	1099–1118	Volhynia	Unknown (daughter of Ladislaus I of Hungary) c.1091 Judith-Maria of Poland c.1106 Unknown (daughter of Mstislav I of Kiev) c.1112 three/four children in total	May 1124	Son of Sviatopolk II.
Sviatoslav III Vladimirovich		?	1113–1114	Pereyaslavl	Unmarried	6 March 1114	Son of Vladimir II Monomakh.
Roman Vladimirovich		?	1118–1119	Volhynia	Unknown	6 January 1119	Son of Vladimir II Monomakh.
Constantine		1070	1123–1127	Chernigov	Unknown three children	1129	Son of Sviatoslav II.
Mstislav I the Great Mstislav Theodore Vladimirovich (Мстислав Великий) Old Norse: Haraldr Valdamarrsson		1 June 1076 Turov Son of Vladimir II Monomakh and Gytha of Wessex	1125–1132	Kievan Rus'	Christina of Sweden 1095 ten children Liubava Dmitrievna of Novgorod 1122 two children	14 April 1132 Kiev aged 55	After his reign Kievan Rus' fell into recession starting a rapid decline.
Yaropolk II		1082	1114–1132	Pereyaslavl	Helena of Ossetia 1116 one child	18 February 1139	Brother of Mstislav I.
			1132–1139	Kiev
Vsevolod II		1103	1132	Pereyaslavl	Anna before 1125 four children	11 February 1138	Son of Mstislav the Great.
Yuri I the Long-Armed		1099	1132 1134–1135	Pereyaslavl	Two wives fifteen children	15 May 1157	Son of Vladimir II Monomakh.
Iziaslav II		1096[14]	1132–1133	Pereyaslavl	Agnes of Germany before 1151 five children Rusudan of Georgia[14] 1154 no children	13 November 1154[14]	Son of Mstislav the Great. 1st time.
Viacheslav I		1083	1133–1134	Pereyaslavl	Unknown before 1139 one child	2 February 1154	1st time in both principalities. Deposed.
			1139	Kiev
Andrew I the Good		11 August 1102	1119–1135	Volhynia	Unknown (daughter of Tugor-khan of Polotsk) c.1117 two children	22 January 1141	Son of Vladimir II Monomakh.
			1135–1141	Pereyaslavl
Iziaslav II		1096[14]	1135–1141	Volhynia	Agnes of Germany before 1151 five children Rusudan of Georgia[14] 1154 no children	13 November 1154[14]	Son of Mstislav the Great. 1st time.
Sviatoslav IV		1123	1141–1146	Volhynia	Maria of Polotsk 1143 eight children	25 July 1194	Son of Vsevolod II.
Vsevolod II		1104	1127–1139	Chernigov	Maria of Rus' 1116 one child	1 August 1146	Grandson of Sviatoslav II, married Maria, sister of Mstislav the Great, Yaropolk II and Viacheslav I.
			1139–1146	Kiev
Vladimir II Davidovich		?	1139–1151	Chernigov	Unknown 1144 one child	12 May 1151	Son of his predecessor.
Vladimir Volodarovich		1104	1141–1153	Halych	Sophia of Hungary c.1117 four children	1153	Reunited the principalities of Zvenigorod, Peremyshl, and Terebovlia under his rule, to form the Principality of Halych.
Saint Igor II		1096	1146	Kiev	Unmarried	19 September 1147	Brother of Vsevolod II. Deposed.
Iziaslav II		1096[14]	1141–1146	Pereyaslavl	Agnes of Germany before 1151 five children Rusudan of Georgia[14] 1154 no children	13 November 1154[14]	Son of Mstislav the Great
			1146–1149	Kiev and Volhynia
			1149–1151	Volhynia
			1151–1154	Kiev
Mstislav II the Brave		1125	1146–1149 1151–1154	Pereyaslavl	Agnes of Poland 1151 three children	19 August 1170	Son of Iziaslav II.
Yuri I the Long-Armed		1099	1149–1151 1155–1157	Kiev	Two wives fifteen children	15 May 1157	Son of Vladimir II Monomakh.
Rostislav		?	1149–1151	Pereyaslavl	Unknown before 1151 three children	1151	Son of Yuri I.
Sviatopolk II		After 1096	1151–1154	Volhynia	Euphemia of Olomouc[15] 1143 or 1144 no children	20 February 1154	Son of Mstislav the Great.
Rostislav I		1110	1154 1158–1162	Kiev	Unknown eight children	14 March 1167	Brother of Iziaslav II.
Iziaslav III		1115	1151–1154	Chernigov	Unknown one child	6 March 1161	Grandson of Sviatoslav II. In 1161 jointly with Rostislav I.
			1154–1155	Kiev
			1155–1157	Chernigov
			1157–1158 1161	Kiev
Yaroslav Vladimirovich the Eight-Minded		1130	1153–1187	Halych	Olga Yurievna of Vladimir-Suzdal four children Nastasia one child	1 October 1187
Vladimir III Mstislavich		1132	1154–1157	Volhynia	Unknown name (daughter of Grand Prince Beloš Vukanović of Serbia) 1150 four children	1173	Son of Mstislav the Great.
Sviatoslav III Olgovich		1106/1107	1154–1155 1157–1164	Chernigov	Unknown six children	1164	Grandson of Sviatoslav II.
Mstislav II the Brave		1125	1157–1170	Volhynia	Agnes of Poland 1151 three children	19 August 1170	Son of Iziaslav II.
			1167–1169 1170	Kiev
Gleb		1125	1154–1169	Pereyaslavl	Unknown 1154 three children	20 January 1171	Son of Yuri I.
			1169 1170–1171	Kiev
Vladimir III		1157	1169–1187	18 April 1187	Pereyaslavl	Unknown 1180 no children	Son of his predecessor.
Sviatoslav Mstislavich		?	1170–1173	Volhynia	Unknown	1173/93	Son of Mstislav the Brave.
Roman II the Great		1152	1173–1188	Volhynia	Predslava of Kiev 1170 or 1180 two children Anna Angelina of Byzantium c.1197 two children	19 June 1205	Son-in-law of Rurik II.
Vsevolod Mstislavich		?	1188	Volhynia	Unknown	1196	Son of Mstislav the Brave.
Vladimir III Mstislavich		1132	1171	Kiev	Unknown name (daughter of Grand Prince Beloš Vukanović of Serbia) 1150 four children	1173	Son of Mstislav the Great.
Michael I		1151	1171	Kiev	Theodosia before 1176 two children	20 June 1176	Son of Yuri I.
Roman I		before 1149	1171–1173 1175–1177	Kiev	Maria of Novgorod 9 January 1149 three children	14 June 1180	Son of Rostislav I.
Vsevolod III the Big Nest		1151	1173	Kiev	Maria Shvarnovna fourteen children Liubava Vasilkovna of Vitebsk 1209 no children	15 April 1212	Son of Yuri I.
Rurik II		before 1157	1173 1180–1182 1194–1202 1203–1204 1206 1207–1210	Kiev	Unknown 1163 Anna of Turov[16] before 1176 six children	1215	Son of Rostislav I.
Sviatoslav IV		1123	1164–1173	Chernigov	Maria of Polotsk 1143 eight children	25 July 1194	Son of Vsevolod II.
			1173–1174	Kiev and Chernigov
			1174–1177	Chernigov
			1177–1180	Kiev and Chernigov
			1182–1194	Kiev
Yaroslav II		1132	1174–1175 1180	Kiev	Richeza of Bohemia 1149 four children	1180	Son of Iziaslav II.
Yaroslav II Vsevolodovich		1139	1180–1198	Chernigov	Irene[17][18][19] before 1171 three children	1198	Son of Vsevolod II.
Yaroslav II the Red		?	1187–1199	Pereyaslavl	Unmarried	1199	Grandson of Yuri I.
Oleg Yaroslavich Nastasich		?	1187	Halych	Unknown	1187/8
Vladimir Yaroslavich		?	1187–1188 1189–1199	Halych	Boleslava c.1166 one child	1187/8
Igor II the Brave		3 April 1151	1198–1201	Chernigov	Euphrosyne Yaroslavna of Halych[20] before 1170 five children	1201	Son of Sviastoslav (IV) Olgovich.
Yaroslav III		8 February 1191	1199–1206	Pereyaslavl	Unknown 1205 no children Rostislava of Novgorod 1214 (annulled 1216) no children Theodosia of Ryazan 1218 twelve children	30 September 1246	Son of Vsevolod III of Kiev.
Vsevolod IV the Red		?	1201–1206	Chernigov	Maria of Poland 14 October or 24 December 1178[21] or 14 November 1179 one child	August 1212	Sons of Sviatoslav V, co-ruled in Chernigov.
			1206–1207	Kiev and Chernigov
			1207–1210	Chernigov
			1210–1212	Kiev and Chernigov
Oleg II Sviatoslavich		?	1202–1204	Chernigov	Unknown 1176 two children	1204
Igor III		1152	1202–1203 1212–1214	Kiev	Unknown five children	1220	Son of Yaroslav II.
Roman II the Great (Роман Мстиславич)		1152 Son of Mstislav II of Kiev and Agnes of Poland	1188–1189	Volhynia and Halych	Predslava of Kiev 1170 or 1180 two children Anna-Euphrosyne Angelina c.1197 two children	19 June 1205 Zawichost aged 52–53	Son-in-law of Rurik II. His reign marked the rise of Galicia-Volhynia as a Kievan Rus' successor state.
			1189–1198	Volhynia
			1198–1204	Volhynia and Halych, then Galicia-Volhynia
			1204–1205	Kiev and Galicia-Volhynia
Rostislav II		13 April 1172		Kiev	Verchoslava of Kiev 15 June 1187 one child	3 March 1218	Son of Rurik II and son-in-law of Vsevolod III. Ruled with Roman, his brother-in-law.
Saint Michael II		1185	1206	Pereyaslavl	Helena of Galicia-Volhynia 1210 or 1211[22] seven children	20 September 1246	Son of Vsevolod the Red.
Vladimir IV		September- December 1187	1206–1213	Pereyaslavl	unknown before 1239 four children	3 March 1239	Son of Rurik II.
Rurik II		before 1157	1212–1215[23]	Chernigov	Unknown 1163 Anna of Turov[16] before 1176 six children	1215	Son of Rostislav I.
Vladimir V Vsevolodovich		26 October 1192	1213–1215[24]	Pereyaslavl	unknown before 1239 four children	6 January 1227	Son of Vsevolod the Big Nest. After his death the Principality was integrated on the Principality of Yaroslavl and then on the Principality of Vladimir.
Pereyaslavl was annexed by Yaroslavl, and then by Vladimir-Suzdal. See List of Russian rulers for later princes.
Mstislav III the Old		1156	1214–1223	Kiev	Unknown 1116 seven children	2 June 1223	Son of Roman II.
Gleb I		c.1168	1215–1217	Chernigov	Anastasia of Kiev 1183 three children	1215 or 1220[18]	Son-in-law of Rurik II.
Mstislav I		c.1168	1217–1223	Chernigov	Yasynya-Marfa Shvarnovna 1183 four children	31 May 1223	Brother-in-law of Vsevolod the Big Nest.
Vladimir IV		September- December 1187	1223–1233	Kiev	unknown before 1239 four children	3 March 1239	Son of Rurik II.
Saint Michael II		1185	1223–1234	Chernigov	Helena of Galicia-Volhynia 1210 or 1211[22] seven children	20 September 1246	Son of Vsevolod the Red. 1st time.
Iziaslav IV		1186	1233–1236	Kiev	Agafia no children	1255	Son of Mstislav III.
Mstislav II		before 1215/1220	1234–1239	Chernigov	Unknown before 1239 two children	after 18 October 1239
Yaroslav III		8 February 1191	1236–1238 1246	Kiev	Unknown 1205 no children Rostislava of Novgorod 1214 (annulled 1216) no children Theodosia of Ryazan 1218 twelve children	30 September 1246	Son of Vsevolod III of Kiev.
Saint Michael II		1185	1238–1239 1239–1243	Kiev	Helena of Galicia-Volhynia 1210 or 1211[22] seven children	20 September 1246	Son of Vsevolod the Red. While in negotiations with the Golden Horde, his son Rostislav Mikhailovich took briefly Kiev throne in 1239, before being expelled by Daniel of Galicia, who put Voivode Dmytro to protect Kiev's throne until Michael's return in 1240. However the city was destroyed in that year. Regained Chernihiv throne in 1243, co-ruling with Andrew Mstislavich.
			1243–1246	Kiev and Chernigov
Andrew I Mstislavich[25]		?	1245–1246	Chernigov	Unknown	1246	Son of Mstislav II. Co-ruling with Michael II.
Rostislav Mikhailovich		after 1210	1239–1243	Chernigov	Anna of Hungary 1243 five children	1262	Son of Michael the Saint.
			1239	Kiev
Andrew II Vsevolodovich		?	1246–1263	Chernigov	Unknown	1263	Brother of Michael II.
Saint Alexander Nevsky		13 May 1221	1246–1263	Kiev	Praskovia-Alexandra of Polotsk 1239 five children Vassilissa before 1263 no children	14 November 1263	Son of his predecessor.
Yaroslav IV		1230	1263–1272	Kiev	Natalia before 1252 two children Saint Xenia of Tarusa 1265 four children	16 September 1272	Brother of his predecessor.
Leo I		1228	1272–1301	Kiev	Constance of Hungary 1116 one child	1301	Son of Daniel I. Also King of Galicia-Volhynia. After his death in 1301, Kiev fell in the hands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Util at least 1362, were installed Lithuanian governors in Kiev.[26]

Kings and Princes of Galicia-Volhynia (1199–1349)

Galicia-Volhynia was a Ruthenian[27][28][29][30][31][32] state in Galicia and Volhynia. Depending on the title of the ruler it was called either principality or kingdom. The first king, Coloman of Galicia-Lodomeria, was crowned in 1215, although the first nominal king of Galicia was Andrew II of Hungary, the son of Béla III of Hungary, who reigned from 1188 to 1190.[33][34][35]

Portrait	Name	Born-Died	Ruled From	Ruled Until
	Roman II the Great, Prince of Novgorod (1168–1170), Prince of Volhynia (1170–1188, 1189–1205), Prince of Halych (1188, 1199–1205), and Grand Prince of Kiev (1204–1205)	fl.1160–1205	1199	1205
	Coloman of Galicia-Lodomeria, Hungarian prince Kálmán, Prince of Halych (1214–15), became the first anointed and crowned and King of Galicia-Volhynia (rex Galiciae et Lodomeriae) in 1215	1208–1241	1214	1219
	Daniel I of Galicia, held many titles since early childhood culminating with the crowning by a papal legate, archbishop Opizo, in Dorohychyn in 1253, King of Rus', Grand Prince of Kiev	1201–1264	1205	1264
	Lev I, King of Rus', Prince of Belz (1245–1264), Prince of Peremyshl and Halych (1264–1269) who moved the capital of Galicia from Kholm to Lviv in 1272, Grand Prince of Kiev (1271–1301)	1228–1301	1293	1301
	Yuri I, King of Rus', Prince of Belz (1264–1301)	fl.1252–1308	1301	1308
	Andrew II and Lev II, Kings of Rus', princes, joint rule, the last members of the Rurikid dynasty to rule Ukraine	?–1323	1308	1323
	Yuri II-Boleslaw, natus dux et dominus Russiae, a member of the Piast dynasty (the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland)	1308–1340	1325	1340
	Liubartas, prince, a member of the Gediminid dynasty, the last Ruthenian-Lithuanian ruler of Galicia-Volhynia, Prince of Volhynia (1323–1384)	c. 1300–1384	1340	1349

In 1349, Liubartas lost all territories, except for eastern Volhynia, to Casimir III of Poland. In 1366, a Polish-Lithuanian treaty was signed: eastern Volhynia with Lutsk retained under Liubartas' rule (the Grand Duchy of Lithuania), while Galicia, western Volhynia, and western Podolia were annexed by the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland.

In the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (1362–1569) and Kingdom of Poland (1569–1667/1793)

Princes of Kiev

In the early 1320s, a Lithuanian army led by Gediminas defeated a Slavic army led by Stanislav of Kiev at the Battle on the Irpen' River, and conquered the city. The Tatars, who also claimed Kiev, retaliated in 1324–1325, so while Kiev was ruled by a Lithuanian prince, it had to pay a tribute to the Golden Horde. Finally, as a result of the Battle of Blue Waters in 1362, Kiev and surrounding areas were incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania by Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania.

• Algimantas Alšėniškis (Olgimunt Holszański, Olgimont-Mykhailo Olshansky) (1324–1331)
• Fiodor of Kiev a.k.a. Teodoras Butvydaitis, brother of Gediminas (1331–1362)
• Vladimiras Algirdaitis (Volodymyr Olgerdovych) (1362–1394)
• Skirgaila (1395–1397)
• Ivan Olshansky (Jonas Alšėniškis) (1397–c. 1402)
• Jurgis Gedgaudas; lt (Jerzy Giedygołd) (1404–1411)
• Andriy Ivanovych Olshansky (c. 1412–c. 1422)
• Mykhailo Ivanovych Olshansky (1422–1432)
• Mykhailo Semenovych Boloban Olshansky (1433–1435)
• Švitrigaila (1435–c. 1440), Grand Duke of the Rus' (1432–c. 1440)
• Aleksandras Olelka (Olelko Volodymyrovych) (1443–1454)
• Simonas Olelkaitis (Semen Olelkovych) (1454–1471)

Kostiantyn Vasyl Ostrozky

Voivodes of Kiev

When the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was formed by the Union of Lublin in 1569, Kiev and surrounding areas, Podolia, Volhynia, and Podlaskie, as the Kiev Voivodeship, Bratslav Voivodeship, Volhynian Voivodeship, and Podlaskie Voivodeship, were transferred from Lithuania to Poland.

Crimean khans (1441–1783)

Crimean Tatars were not of the Ukrainian ethnos. Their Crimean Khanate ruled a large part of modern Ukraine, with a capital at Bakhchisaray.

Meñli I Giray (centre) with the eldest son, future khan Mehmed I Giray (left) and Turkish sultan Bayezid II (right)

Date of Reign	Name	Notes
1441–1466	Hacı I Giray
1466–1467	Nur Devlet	first reign
1467	Meñli I Giray	first reign
1467–1469	Nur Devlet	second reign
1469–1475	Meñli I Giray	second reign
1475	Hayder
1475–1476	Nur Devlet	third reign
1476–1478	dynasty dismissed from power
1478–1515	Meñli I Giray	third reign
1515–1523	Mehmed I Giray
1523–1524	Ğazı I Giray
1524–1532	Saadet I Giray
1532	İslâm I Giray
1532–1551	Sahib I Giray
1551–1577	Devlet I Giray
1577–1584	Mehmed II Giray
1584	Saadet II Giray
1584–1588	İslâm II Giray
1588–1596	Ğazı II Giray	first reign
1596	Fetih I Giray
1596–1607	Ğazı II Giray	second reign
1607–1608	Toqtamış Giray
1608–1610	Selâmet I Giray
1610–1623	Canibek Giray	first reign
1623–1628	Mehmed III Giray	†
1628–1635	Canibek Giray	second reign
1635–1637	İnayet Giray
1637–1641	Bahadır I Giray
1641–1644	Mehmed IV Giray	first reign
1644–1654	İslâm III Giray
1654–1666	Mehmed IV Giray	second reign
1666–1671	Adil Giray
1671–1678	Selim I Giray	first reign
1678–1683	Murad Giray
1683–1684	Hacı II Giray
1684–1691	Selim I Giray	second reign
1691	Saadet III Giray
1691–1692	Safa Giray
1692–1699	Selim I Giray	third reign
1699–1702	Devlet II Giray	first reign
1702–1704	Selim I Giray	fourth reign
1704–1707	Ğazı III Giray
1707–1708	Qaplan I Giray	first reign
1709–1713	Devlet II Giray	second reign
1713–1715	Qaplan I Giray	second reign
1716–1717	Devlet III Giray
1717–1724	Saadet IV Giray
1724–1730	Meñli II Giray	first reign
1730–1736	Qaplan I Giray	third reign
1736–1737	Fetih II Giray
1737–1740	Meñli II Giray	second reign
1740–1743	Selamet II Giray
1743–1748	Selim II Giray
1748–1756	Arslan Giray	first reign
1756–1758	Halim Giray
1758–1764	Qırım Giray	first reign
1765–1767	Selim III Giray	first reign
1767	Arslan Giray	second reign
1767–1768	Maqsud Giray
1768–1769	Qırım Giray	second reign
1769–1770	Devlet IV Giray	first reign
1770	Qaplan II Giray
1770–1771	Selim III Giray	second reign
1771–1775	Sahib II Giray	†
1775–1777	Devlet IV Giray	second reign
1777–1782	Şahin Giray	first reign
1782	Bahadır II Giray
1782–1783	Şahin Giray	second reign
† The reigns of Canibek Giray in 1624 and of Maqsud Giray in 1771–1772 are not listed. Though these khans were formally appointed by Ottoman sultans they did not reach the throne and did not rule Crimea. In the years mentioned, the authority in the Crimean Khanate was exercised by Mehmed III Giray and Sahib II Giray correspondingly.
Note: The nominal khans Şahbaz Giray (1787–1789) and Baht Giray (1789–1792) mentioned in some works are not listed in this table as they did not rule the Crimean Khanate annexed by Russian Empire in 1783.

Hetmans of Ukrainian Cossacks (1506–1775)

A Hetman was a military and civil leader, democratically elected by the Cossacks.

Hetmans and commanders of Ukrainian Cossacks

Several Cossack regiments were operating in Ukraine at this time that were largely independent of each other, so some of the Hetmans' tenures overlap.

1486–1492		Yurii Pats	governor of Kyiv; organizer Cossack units.
1488–1495		Bohdan Hlynskyi	Cossack leader, destroyer Ochakov.
1492–1505		Dmytro Putyatych	Cossack leader.
1510–1524		Senko Polozovych	governor of Kyiv; Cossack leader.
1514–1535		Ostap Dashkevych	Cossack leader.
1516–1528		Przecław Lanckoroński	Cossack leader.
1550–1557		Dmytro Vyshnevetsky	founder of the fortress at Minor Khortytsia.
1568		Semen Birulia	Cossack leader.
1568		Karpo Maslo	Cossack leader.
1568		Andrush	Moldavian boyar Cossack leader.
1568		Lisun	Cossack leader.
1568		Yatsko Bilous	Cossack leader.
1568		Andrii Liakh	Cossack leader.
1577–1578		Ivan Pidkova	Cossack leader.
1578		Lukian Chornynskyi	Cossack leader, hetman.
1581		Samiilo Zborovskyi	Cossack leader, hetman.
1584		Bohdan Mykoshynskyi	Cossack leader, hetman.
1585		Mykhailo Ruzhynskyi	Cossack leader, hetman.
1585		Kyryk Ruzhynskyi	Cossack leader, hetman.
1585		Zakhar Kulaha	Cossack leader, hetman.
1586		Lukian Chornynskyi	Cossack leader, hetman.
1586		Bohdan Makoshynskyi	Cossack leader, hetman.
1588		Potrebatskyy	Cossack leader, hetman.
1589		Zachary Kulaga	Cossack leader, hetman.
1594		Bohdan Mykoshynskyi	Cossack leader, hetman.
1594–1596		Hryhoriy Loboda	Cossack leader.
1594–1596		Severyn Nalyvaiko	Cossack leader.
1596		Matvii Shaula	Cossack leader, hetman.
1596		Kryshtof Krempskyi	Cossack leader, hetman.
1596		Kryshtof Nechkovskyi	Cossack leader, hetman.
1596–1597		Hnat Vasylevych	Cossack leader, hetman.
1597		Tykhin Baibuza	Cossack leader, hetman.
1598		Florian Hedroits	Cossack leader.
1598		Mitlovskyi	Cossack leader.
1602–1603		Ivan Kutskovych	Cossack leader, hetman.
1603		Ivan Kosyi	Cossack leader, hetman.
1606		Hryhorii Izapovych	Cossack leader, hetman.
1606		Samiilo Zborovskyi	Cossack leader, hetman.
1606		Bohdan Olevchenko	Cossack leader, hetman.
1617		Dmytro Barabash	Cossack leader, hetman.
1618		Mykhailo Skyba	Cossack leader.
1619–1621		Yatsko Nerodych	Cossack leader, hetman.
1620		Petro Odynets	Cossack leader.
1624		Hryhoriy Chorny	Cossack leader, hetman.
1625		Fedir Pyrskyi	Cossack leader, hetman.
1628		Hryhoriy Chorny	Cossack leader, hetman.
1629–1630		Hryhoriy Chorny	Cossack leader, hetman.
1630		Taras Fedorovych	Cossack leader, hetman.
1632		Andrii Didenko	Cossack leader, hetman.
1633		Dorofii Doroshenko	Cossack leader, acting hetman.
1633		Dorosh Kutskovych	Cossack leader, acting hetman.
1633		Hyria Kanevets	Cossack leader.
1633–1635		Ivan Sulyma	Cossack leader, hetman.
1636–1637		Vasyl Tomylenko	Cossack leader, hetman.
1637		Pavlo Pavliuk	Cossack leader, hetman.
1638		Yakiv Ostrianyn	Cossack leader, hetman.
1638		Dmytro Hunia	Cossack leader, hetman.
1639–1642		Karpo Pivtora-Kozhukha	Cossack leader, hetman.
1642–1646		Maksym Hulak	Cossack leader, hetman.

Hetmans of the Cossack state

Following the Khmelnytsky uprising a new Cossack republic, the Hetmanate, was formed.

#	Hetman			Elected (event)	Took office	Left office
1			Bohdan Khmelnytsky (1596–1657) Зиновій-Богдан Хмельницький	1648 (Sich)	26 January 1648	6 August 1657	died
2			Yurii Khmelnytsky (1641–1685) Юрій Хмельницький	death of his father	6 August 1657	27 August 1657	reconsidered by the Council of Officers
3			Ivan Vyhovsky (????–1664) Іван Виговський	1657 (Korsun)	27 August 1657 (confirmed: 21 October 1657)	11 September 1659	surrendered title
4			Yurii Khmelnytsky (1641–1685) Юрій Хмельницький	1659 (Hermanivka)	11 September 1659 (confirmed: 11 September 1659)	October 1662	surrendered title

Hetmans during the Ruin

The Ruin (1660–1687) was a time in Ukrainian history when the country fell into disarray and chaos. Afterwards, the Cossack state emerged as a vassal of the Russian Empire. During this period a number of hetmans stayed in power for short periods of time and often controlled only parts of the country. Moreover, the Treaty of Andrusovo (1667) split the Cossack Hetmanate along the Dnieper River into Left-bank Ukraine, which enjoyed a degree of autonomy within the Tsardom of Russia; and Right-bank Ukraine which remained part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and at times (1672–1699) part of the Ottoman Empire.

Right-bank Ukraine			Left-bank Ukraine
Polish protectorate				Russian protectorate
1660—1663		Yurii Khmelnytsky	1660—1663		Yakym Somko
1663—1665		Pavlo Teteria	1663—1668		Ivan Briukhovetsky
1665—1668		Petro Doroshenko
Unification
1668—1669		Petro Doroshenko

Partition
Right-bank Ukraine						Left-bank Ukraine
Osman protectorate			Polish protectorate			Russian protectorate			Swedish protectorate
1669—1676		Petro Doroshenko	1669—1674		Mykhailo Khanenko	1669—1672		Demian Mnohohrishny
1678—1681		Yurii Khmelnytsky	1675—1679		Ostap Gogol	1672—1687		Ivan Samoilovych
1681—1684		Gheorghe Duca	1683—1684		Stefan Kunicki
1685		Yurii Khmelnytsky	1684—1689		Andrii Mohyła
						1687—1708		Ivan Mazepa
Unification
						1708—1722		Ivan Skoropadsky	1708—1709		Ivan Mazepa
									1708—1718		Pylyp Orlyk
1718—1742		Pylyp Orlyk				1722—1724		Pavlo Polubotok
						1727—1734		Danylo Apostol
						1750—1764		Kirill Razumovsky

In the Russian Empire (1667/1793–1917), in the Habsburg Monarchy, Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary (1526/1772–1918)

After the dissolution of the Cossack Hetmanate, a new Malorossiyan collegium was established in 1764, and the Zaporozhian Host was disbanded in 1775. As a result of the second and third Partitions of Poland in 1793 and 1795, eastern and central parts of the territory of present-day Ukraine were incorporated directly into the Russian Empire. The western part became part of the Habsburg Monarchy earlier, in the following order: Carpathian Ruthenia (1526/1699), Galicia (1772), and Bukovina (1775).

Kings and tsars of the Kingdom Poland

Ruler		Dynasty	Reign Began	Reign Ended	Notes
Alexander I(Aleksander I)		Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov	9 June 1815	1 December 1825	The Kingdom of Poland created at the Congress of Vienna and therefore dubbed "Congress Poland".
Nicholas I(Mikołaj I)		Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov	1 December 1825	2 March 1855	deposed by the Polish Parliament (Sejm) on 25 January 1831 during the November Uprising(1830–1831), autonomy abolished in 1832.
Alexander II(Aleksander II)		Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov	2 March 1855	13 March 1881	The Kingdom of Poland annexed into the Russian Empireafter the January Uprising(1863–1864), and the name of the kingdom was changed to Vistula Land(1867–1915)
Alexander III(Aleksander III)		Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov	13 March 1881	1 November 1894
Nicholas II(Mikołaj II)		Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov	1 November 1894	15 March 1917	duringWorld War I "Vistula Land" was looted and abandoned by the retreating Russian army in 1915; abdicated in 1917

Kings and queens of Galicia and Lodomeria (Galicja)

Ruler		Dynasty	Reign Began	Reign Ended	Notes
Maria Theresa(Maria Teresa)		Habsburg	22 September 1772	29 November 1780	the area annexed by the Habsburg Monarchy in the First Partition of Poland (the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth); Empress Maria Theresa of Austria (who was also Queen of Hungary, Queen of Bohemia, etc.) recalled the old Hungarian claims to the Regnum Galiciæ et Lodomeriæ, and Czech claims to the Duchies of Auschwitz and Zator
Joseph II (Józef II)		Habsburg-Lorraine	29 November 1780	20 February 1790
Leopold II(Leopold II)		Habsburg-Lorraine	20 February 1790	1 March 1792
Francis II(Franciszek II)		Habsburg-Lorraine	1 March 1792	2 March 1835	the last Holy Roman Emperor, ruling from 1792 until 6 August 1806, when he abdicated and the Empire was formally dissolved. In 1804, he had founded the Austrian Empire and became Francis I, the first Emperor of Austria (Kaiser von Österreich)
Ferdinand I(Ferdynand I)		Habsburg-Lorraine	2 March 1835	2 December 1848	after the unsuccessfulCracow Uprisingof 1846, the Free City of Cracowwas annexed by Austria on 16 November 1846 as the Grand Duchy of Cracow; the full official name of the province was extended to Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, and the Grand Duchy of Cracow with the Duchies of Auschwitz and Zator
Francis Joseph I(Franciszek Józef I)		Habsburg-Lorraine	2 December 1848	21 November 1916	after the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, and the reorganization of the Empire as the Dual Monarchy, a broad autonomy was granted to Galicia and Lodomeria within Cisleithania, the Austrian part of Austria-Hungary
Charles I(Karol I)		Habsburg-Lorraine	21 November 1916	11 November 1918	renounced all participation in affairs of state but did not abdicate

The Russian Empire existed until 1917, and the Dual Monarchy, Austria–Hungary, existed until 1918.

Ukrainian People's Republic (1917–1921)

The Ukrainian People's Republic (UNR, 1917–1921) was formed after the Russian Revolution of 1917, and lasted until the Peace of Riga between Poland and Soviet Russia in March 1921. The leadership title varied and, despite a rather widespread misconception, none of them had the official title of president.

Chairmen of the Central Council

The Central Council (Tsentral’na rada) was the representative body governing the UNR.

  Constitutional Democratic Party   Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionary Party

No.		Portrait	Name	In Office From	In Office Until	Party
Acting			Volodymyr Naumenko 1866–1934	17 (4) March 1917	28 (15) March 1917	Constitutional Democratic Party
1			Mykhailo Hrushevskyi 1866–1934	28 (15) March 1917[36]	29 April 1918	Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionary Party

Hetman of the Ukrainian State

A very short lived Hetmanate was established by Pavlo Skoropadskyi in 1918.

#	Hetman			Elected (event)	Took office	Left office
1			Pavlo Skoropadskyi 1873–1945	Russian Revolution of 1917	29 April 1918	14 December 1918	Removed from power in an uprising led by the social democrat Symon Petliura

Chairmen of the Directory

The Directorate of Ukraine was a provisional council of the UNR formed after Skoropadskyi's Hetmanate fell apart. On 22 January 1919, the Act of Unification of the Ukrainian People's Republic and the West Ukrainian People's Republic was passed. The text of the universal was made by the members of the Directory.

  Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party

No.		Portrait	Name	In Office From	In Office Until	Party
1			Volodymyr Vynnychenko 1880–1951	14 December 1918	11 February 1919	Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party
2			Symon Petliura 1879–1926	11 February 1919	10 November 1920	Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party

West Ukrainian People's Republic (1918–1919)

The government of the West Ukrainian People's Republic (WUNR) was proclaimed on 19 October 1918. WUNR was united with the Ukrainian People's Republic on 22 January 1919, although it was mostly a symbolic act while the western Ukrainians retained their own Ukrainian Galician Army and government structure. After the Polish-Ukrainian War (1918–1919), Poland took over most of territory of the West Ukrainian People's Republic by July 1919. Since November 1919, the government of the WUNR was in exile.

President of the Ukrainian National Republic

  Ukrainian People's Labor Party

No.		Portrait	Name	In Office From	In Office Until	Party
1			Yevhen Petrushevych 1863–1940	19 October 1918	15 March 1923	Ukrainian People's Labor Party

President of the Carpatho-Ukraine

  Christian People's Party

No.		Portrait	Name	In Office From	In Office Until	Party
1			Avgustyn Voloshyn 1874–1945	15 March 1939	16 March 1939	Christian People's Party

Ukrainian State (1941)

Prime Minister of the Ukrainian State

  Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists

No.		Portrait	Name	In Office From	In Office Until	Party
1			Yaroslav Stetsko 1912–1986	30 June 1941	9 July 1941	Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (1918/1919–1991)

Ukraine was incorporated into the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on 30 December 1922.

Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine

Mykola Skrypnyk

• Mykola Oleksiiovych Skrypnyk (20 April – 26 May 1918) (Secretary of the Organizational Bureau)
• Yurii Leonidovych Pyatakov (12 July – 9 September 1918)
• Serafima Ilyinichna Hopner (9 September – 23 October 1918)
• Emmanuil Ionovich Kviring (23 October 1918 – 30 May 1919)
• Stanislav Vikentevich Kosior (30 May – 10 December 1919) (first time)
• Vacant (10 December 1919 – January 1920)
• Rafail Borisovich Farbman ( – 23 January March 1920) (acting)
• Nikolay Ilyich Nikolayev (23–25 March 1920)
• Stanislav Vikentevich Kosior (25 March – 23 November 1920) (second time)

First Secretary of the Central Committee

• Vyacheslav Mihailovich Molotov (23 November 1920 – 22 March 1921)

Executive Secretary of the Central Committee

• Feliks Yakovlevich Kon (22 March – 15 December 1921)

First Secretaries of the Communist Party

• Dmitry Zakharovich Manuilsky (15 December 1921 – 10 April 1923)
• Emmanuil Ionovich Kviring (10 December 1923 – 20 March 1925)

General Secretaries of the Central Committee

• Emmanuil Ionovich Kviring (20 March – 7 April 1925)
• Lazar Moiseyevich Kaganovich (7 April 1925 – 14 July 1928)
• Stanislav Vikentevich Kosior (14 July 1928 – 23 January 1934)

First Secretaries of the Central Committee

Nikita Khrushchev

• Stanislav Vikentevich Kosior (23 January 1934 – 27 January 1938)
• Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (27 January 1938 – 3 March 1947) (1st time, acting) (in Russian SFSR exile from 1941 until 1944)
• Lazar Moiseyevich Kaganovich (3 March – 26 December 1947) (second time)
• Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (26 December 1947 – 16 December 1949) (second time)
• Leonid Georgyevich Melnikov (16 December 1949 – 4 June 1953)
• Aleksey Illarionovich Kirichenko (4 June 1953 – 26 December 1957)
• Nikolay Viktorovich Podgorny (26 December 1957 – 2 July 1963)
• Pyotr Yefimovich Shelest (2 July 1963 – 25 May 1972)
• Vladimir Vasilyevich Shcherbitsky (25 May 1972 – 28 September 1989)
• Vladimir Antonovich Ivashko (28 September 1989 – 22 June 1990)
• Stanislav Ivanovich Gurenko (22 June 1990 – 1 September 1991)

Ukraine (1991–present)

On 5 July 1991, the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR passed a law establishing the post of the President of the Ukrainian SSR. The title was changed to the President of Ukraine upon the proclamation of independence (24 August 1991). The first election of the President of Ukraine was held on 1 December 1991.

Presidents

  Independent / Non-partisan   Our Ukraine   Party of Regions   Batkivshchyna   Petro Poroshenko Bloc / UDAR   Servant of the People

No.		Portrait	Presidents	Term of office		Presidential mandate	Affiliation
1			Leonid Kravchuk (born 1934) Леонід Кравчук	5 December 1991 Inauguration: 22 August 1992^[a]	19 July 1994	1991 — 61.59% 19,643,481	Independent / Non-partisan
2			Leonid Kuchma (born 1938) Леонід Кучма	19 July 1994	30 November 1999	1994 — 52.3% 14,016,850	Independent / Non-partisan
				30 November 1999	23 January 2005	1999 — 57.7% 15,870,722
3			Viktor Yushchenko (born 1954) Віктор Ющенко	23 January 2005	25 February 2010	2004 — 51.99% 15,115,712	Non-partisan (2004–2005) Our Ukraine (2005–nowadays)
4			Viktor Yanukovych (born 1950) Віктор Янукович	25 February 2010	22 February 2014[lower-alpha 1]	2010 — 48.95% 12,481,266	Non-partisan[39] (Supported by Party of Regions)
—			Oleksandr Turchynov (born 1964) Олександр Турчинов (acting)	23 February 2014	7 June 2014	ex officio (as Chairman of Parliament, Article 112)	Batkivshchyna
5			Petro Poroshenko (born 1965) Петро Порошенко	7 June 2014	20 May 2019	2014 — 54.70% 9,857,308	Non-partisan (Supported by Petro Poroshenko Bloc & UDAR)
6			Volodymyr Zelensky (born 1978 ) Володимир Зеленський	20 May 2019		2019 — 73.22% 13,541,528	Servant of the People

See also

• Bulgars
• Goths
• Huns, List of Hunnic rulers
• Khazars, List of Khazar rulers
• Kingdom of Pontus
• Kings of Cimmerian Bosporus
• List of Crimean khans
• List of etymologies of country subdivision names: "Ukraine"
• List of Galician rulers
• List of leaders of Ukraine
• List of places named after people (Ukraine)
• List of rulers of Galicia and Volhynia
• President of Ukraine
• Prime Minister of Ukraine
• Scythia
• Ukrainian historical regions
• Grand Prince of Kiev

Notes

1. Yanukovych fled the country in the night of 21–22 February, although claiming his legitimacy sometime after that.[37] Officially deprived of the title on 18 June 2015.[38]

References

1. uk:Скіфські царі
2. "shvoong.com – Resources and Information". www.shvoong.com.
3. "Nordiska furstar lade grunden till Ryssland". historiskamedia.se.
4. Suszko, Henryk (2003). Latopis hustyński. Opracowanie, przekład i komentarze. Slavica Wratislaviensia CXXIV. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego. ISBN 83-229-2412-7; Tolochko, Oleksiy (2010). The Hustyn' Chronicle. (Harvard Library of Early Ukrainian Literature: Texts). ISBN 978-1-932650-03-7
5. "Riuryk of Novgorod". www.encyclopediaofukraine.com. Retrieved 27 June 2020.
6. "Sveerne". www.fortidensjelling.dk.
7. Олександр Палій (2015). Історія України: Посібник. Yuri Marchenko. p. 105. ISBN 978-617-684-099-2.
8. Leszek Moczulski, Narodziny Międzymorza, p.475, Bellona SA, Warszawa 2007 ISBN 978-83-11-10826-4
9. Vladimir Plougin: Russian Intelligence Services: The Early Years, 9th–11th Centuries, Algora Publ., 2000
10. History of Ukraine-Rus': From prehistory to the eleventh century, Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press, 1997
11. Also known as Jarisleif I. See Google books
13. According to A. Nazarenko. It was thought not long ago that the first wife of Sviatopolk was Barbara Komnene, a supposed daughter of Alexios I Komnenos. However, the lack of tradition of such a name in the Byzantine Empire led to doubt. Today she may be considered fictional.
14. Monomakh branch (Mstyslavychi) at Izbornik
15. Л.Войтович КНЯЗІВСЬКІ ДИНАСТІЇ СХІДНОЇ ЄВРОПИ
16. МЭСБЕ/Анна (имя жен и дочерей русских князей и государей)  (in Russian). 1909 – via Wikisource.
17. Charles Cawley (14 March 2009). "Russia, Rurikids – Grand Princes of Kiev, Princes of Chernigov, descendants of Sviatoslav II, Grand Prince of Kiev (fourth son of Iaroslav I)". Medieval Lands. Foundation of Medieval Genealogy. Retrieved 10 April 2009.
18. Dimnik, Martin. The Dynasty of Chernigov – 1146–1246.
19. The chroniclers neglect to reveal the identity of Yaroslav's wife, but the Lyubetskiy sinodik calls her Irene; Dimnik, Martin op. cit. 121.
20. Basing their observations on the evidence of the Lay of Igor's Campaign, a number of historians have suggested that her name was Evfrosinia and that she may have been Igor's second wife; on the other hand, the chronicles neither give Yaroslavna's name nor suggest that she was Igor's second wife; Dimnik, Martin op. cit. 121.
21. Cawley, Charles (14 March 2009), Russia, Rurikids – Rostislav Mikhailovich died 1263, Medieval Lands database, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, retrieved 23 December 2016,
22. Thurston, Herbert (Editor). Butler's Lives of the Saints – September.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
23. Some authors give Rurik II a two-year-reign (1210–1212), and attribute to Vsevolod the Red a second reign (1212–1215), which, in this case, would mean that Vsevolod died in 1215, and not in 1212.
24. До половецкого плена; Соловьёв С. М. История России с дневнейших времён
25. "История монголов Карпини. Электронная библиотека исторического факультета МГУ". www.hist.msu.ru.
26. "Розділ 4.1. Леонтій Войтович. Князівські династії Східної Європи". izbornyk.org.ua.
27. Kann, Robert A. (2010). A history of the Habsburg Empire, 1526–1918. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-04206-3. OCLC 951424408. The Habsburg policy in Galicia and Bukovyna to support the Uniate church and her educational institutions and to a lesser degree the Greek Orthodox Church for the benefit of the Ruthenian Ukrainian population cannot be classified simply as divide et impera" "the first and second generation of Ruthenian literary men under Habsburg rule served this ultimate goal of Ruthenian-Ukrainian nationalism
28. Subtelny, Orest (2012). Ukraine a history. Univ. of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-1-4426-0991-4. OCLC 948518600. the populace belong to the great Ruthenian [Ukrainian] nation, whose 15 million members, of whom 2.5 million live in Galicia, all speak the same language" (1848) "the Supreme Ruthenian Council, the first modern Ukrainian political organization" "they attempted to neutralize the Supreme Ruthenian Council by forming a rival Ukrainian organization that was pro-Polish.
29. "A history of Ukraine: the land and its peoples". Choice Reviews Online. 48 (10): 48–5848-48-5848. 1 June 2011. doi:10.5860/choice.48-5848. ISSN 0009-4978. The Ruthenian club established the first permanent Ukrainian theatre anywhere and with cadres from Galicia and Dnieper Ukraine
30. Wilson, Andrew, 1961- author. (15 October 2015). The Ukrainians : unexpected nation. ISBN 978-0-300-21965-4. OCLC 922581401. the Ukrainians were known as 'Rusyns' or, in the English version RutheniansCS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
31. Новосівський, Іван М. (1970). Bukovinian Ukrainians; a historical background and their self-determination in 1918. Association of Bukovinian Ukrainians. OCLC 151305. Rumanized Ruthenian (Ukrainian) faith and customs
32. "Ruthenians". www.encyclopediaofukraine.com. Retrieved 27 June 2020.
33. Engel, Pál (2001). The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526. I.B. Tauris Publishers. ISBN 1-86064-061-3.
34. Font, Márta (1991). "II. András orosz politikája és hadjáratai [Andrew II's policy and campaigns in Rus']". Századok (in Hungarian). 125 (1–2): 107–144k. ISSN 0039-8098.
35. Hollý, Karol (2007). "Princess Salomea and Hungarian–Polish Relations in the Period 1214–1241" (PDF). Historický Časopis. 55 (Supplement): 5–32. ISSN 0018-2575.
36. March 28 – The meeting of the Ukrainian Central Council, first chaired by Mykhailo Hrushevsky
37. Ukraine Leader Was Defeated Even Before He Was Ousted, The New York Times (3 January 2015)
38. Resolution of Verkhovna Rada #757-VII. About self removal of President of Ukraine from execution of his constitutional powers and assignment of early elections of President of Ukraine (Про самоусунення Президента України від виконання конституційних повноважень та призначення позачергових виборів Президента України). Verkhovna Rada website. 22 February 2014
39. "Янукович припинив членство у Партії регіонів". unian.net.