List of World War II aces from New Zealand
This is a list of fighter aces in World War II from New Zealand. For other countries see List of World War II aces by country
B
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Balfour, Robert Hamish "Jimmy" | 4 & 1 shr. | DFC | [1] |
Bary, Ronald Edward | 6? | DSO, DFC | KIA 12 April 1945 |
Blake, Minden Vaughan "Mindy" | 10 | DSO, DFC | ♣, POW 19 August 1942[2] |
Bonham, Gordon Loversidge "Snowy" | 5 V-1s | KIA 25 September 1944 | |
Bremner, Robert Duff | 8.5 | DFC | inc. 7 V-1s[3] |
Browne, Allen Edward | 6 | DFC | [4] |
Browne, Stanley Franklin | 6 | DFC* | [5] |
Bush, Charles Roy | 5 | DFC | ♣ KIFA 30 November 1948[6] |
C
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Cammock, Raymond John | 20.5 V-1s | KIA 6 October 1944 | |
Carbury, Brian John George | 15.5 | DFC* | ♣[7] Carbury, Antoni Głowacki of Poland and Ronald Hamlyn and Archie McKellar, both British pilots,[8] were the only four "aces in a day",[9][10] in the Battle of Britain. |
Carlson, Donald C | 3 & 2 shr. | DFC | [11] |
Chambers, Hansford Ward | 7 | DFC | [12] |
Checketts, John Milne | 16.5 (inc. 2 V-1s) | DSO, DFC | [13] |
Clouston, Wilfred Greville | 12 | DFC | ♣[14] |
Collyns, Basil Gordon "Buck" | 7 | DFC | ♣ KIA 20 August 1944[15] |
Costello, Maurice James "Morrie" | 3 | [16] | |
Crawford-Compton, William Vernon | 22 | DSO*, DFC* | [17] |
Cullen, James Roy "Jimmy" | 16 V-1s | [18] |
D
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Danzey, Raymond Jack "Dan" | 11 V-1s | [19] | |
Deere, Alan Christopher "Al" | 17 | DSO, DFC* | ♣[20] |
Dini, Antonio Simmons | 7 | KIFA 31 May 1940[21] | |
Doherty, Eric Steele "Francis" | 7 | DFM, DFC (US) | [22] |
E
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Eagleson, Owen David "Ginger" | 22 | inc. 20 V-1s, POW |
F
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Fisken, Geoffrey Bryson | 11 | DFC | [23] |
Fitzgerald, Thomas Bernard | 6 | DFC | ♣[24] |
G
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Gawith, Alan Antill | 5 | DFC | ♣, POW, Surviving Aircrew |
Gibson, John Albert Axel | 13 | DSO, DFC | ♣[25] |
Grant, Reginald Joseph Cowan | 8 | DFM, DFC* | KIA 28 February 1944[26] |
Gray, Colin Falkland | 27.5 | DSO, DFC** | ♣[27] |
H
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Hall, Bevan Mason | 7.5 V-1s | KIA 27 December 1944 | |
Hall, Peter Francis Locker | 8 | DFC* | [28] |
Hammond, Derek Harold | 8 | DSO, DFC* | |
Hardy, Owen Leslie | 6 | DFC* | [29] |
Hart, William Alfred | 7 V-1s | [30] | |
Hayter, James Chilton Francis "Spud" | 5 | DFC* | ♣[31] |
Hayton, Gilbert McLean "Gillie" | 6 | Drowned aboard HMT Laconia 20 October 1942 | |
Herrick, Michael James | 8 | DFC* | ♣ MIA 16 June 1944[32] |
Hesselyn, Raymond Brown | 19 | DFC, DFM* | POW October 1943[33] |
Hill, Howard Perry | 3.5 | ♣ KIA 20 September 1940[34][35] | |
Hodgson, William Henry | 7 | DFC | ♣ KIFA 13 March 1941[36] |
Hooper, Garnet J Michael "Gus" | 9 | inc. 8 V-1s[37] | |
Houlton, John Arthur | 7 | DFC | [38] |
Hyde, Reginald Jack | 5 | AFC | ♣[39] |
J
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Jameson, George Edmond "Jamie" | 11 | DSO, DFC | [42] |
Jameson, Patrick Geraint | 9 | DSO, DFC* | ♣[43] |
Joyce, Ernest Leslie "Nipper" | 10 | DFM | KIA 17 June 1944 [44][45]Ministry of Defence personnel file, Commonwealth War Graves Commission updated records and 122 Squadron Operations Record Book |
Julian, Ivon (Evan) | 5 | DFM | [46] |
K
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Kain, Edgar James "Cobber" | 17 | DFC | KIFA 7 June 1940[47] |
Kalka, William Arthur "Wacky" | 9 V-1s | KIA 25 March 1945[48] | |
Kilian, John Rutherford Clark | 5 | CdG | [49] |
Kleimeyer, Robert Gordon "Dutch" | 7.5 V-1s | NZ.411985, Australian in the RNZAF[50] | |
Kuhn, Edmund Eric Geddes | 5 | [51] |
L
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Lawless, Frank Brewster "Bruce" | 11 | inc. 10 V-1s[52] | |
Lawrence, Keith Ashley | 6 | DFC | ♣ Surviving Aircrew[53] |
LeLong, Roy Emile | 10 | AFC, DFC* | [54] |
Livingstone, David Franklin | 7 | DFC | [55] |
Longley, Harold Watson | 5 | DFC | [56] |
M
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
McCarthy, Kevin | 6 V-1s | [57] | |
McCaw, James Hugh "Black Mac" | 20 V-1s | DFC | [58] |
McGregor, Sir Hector Douglas | 6 | DSO | ♣[59] |
MacKenzie, John Noble | 9 | DFC | ♣[60] |
MacKenzie, Russell Merriman | 5 | DSO, DFC | [61] |
Mackie, Evan Dall "Rosie" | 23 | DSO, DFC* | [62] |
Malfroy, Camille Enright | 5 | DFC, DFC(US) | [63] |
Marra, T B | 5 | ||
Mason, Henry Maurice "Morrie" | 7 | inc. 5.5 V-1s. KIA 19 July 1948 | |
Miller, William Lister "Dusty" | 7 V-1s | [64] | |
Montgomerie, Leighton John | 5 | DFC | KIA 29 August 1944[65] |
Murphy, Francis "Spud" | 5 | DFC | [66] |
N
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Newton, Percival Guy Haig | 5 | DFC | [67] |
Nicholls, Charles William Kelvin | 5 | ||
North, Harold Leslie "Knockers" | 5 | DFC | ♣ KIA 1 May 1942[68] |
O
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
O'Connor, Brian John | 11 | DFC | nc 8.5 V-1s[69] |
P
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Pannel, Geoffroy Charles Russell | 5 | ♣ | |
Park, Nigel Manfred | 11 | DFM | KIA 25 October 1942[70] |
Peart, Alan McGregor | 7 | DFC | [71] |
Player, John Howard | 6 | DSO, DFC | KIFA 8 August 1947[72] |
Porteous, James Kerrow | 7 | DFC | |
Powell, Neville Joseph "Pip" | 6 | inc 5 V-1s |
R
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Rabone, Paul Watling | 8 | DFC | ♣ KIA 24 July 1944[73] |
Rae, John Donald | 12 | DFC* | [74] |
Robinson, Douglas Nevill | DFC | [75] |
S
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Sames, Arthur Norman "Artie" | 8 | DFC* | |
Schrader, Warren Edward "Smokey" | 13 | DFC* | [76] |
Scott, Desmond James | 8 | DSO, DFC*, CdG* | |
Scott, Donald Stuart | 14 | ||
Sheddan, Cornelius James | 15 | DFC | inc. 7.5 V-1s[77][78] |
Short, Sydney John | 6 | inc 5 V-1s[79] | |
Smith, Irving Stanley "Black" | 8 | DFC* | ♣[80] |
Smith, Keith Alexander | 14 | inc 12 V-1s[81] | |
Spurdle, Robert Lawrence | 10 | DFC* | ♣[82] |
Stafford, John Harry "Jack" | 13 | DFC | inc 8 V-1s[83] |
Stead, Allan Bennetto | 5 | DFC | KIA 6 January 1945 |
Stenborg, Gray | 14 | DFC | KIA 24 September 1943[84] |
Stewart, Kenneth William | 5 | DFC | [85] |
Stratton, William Hector | 9 | DFC* | [86] |
Sweetman, Harvey Nelson | 15 | DFC | inc 10.5 V-1s[87][88] |
T
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Tait, Kenneth William | 6 | DFC | ♣ MIA 4 August 1941[89] |
Tanner, Eric William "Rick" | 6 | inc 5 V-1s | |
Taylor-Cannon, Keith Granville "Hyphen" | 7 | DFC* | MIA 13 April 1945[90] |
Tracey, Owen Vincent | 6 | DFC | KIA 8 December 1941[91] |
Trott, William Alan Liddell "Bill" | 7 | DFC | inc. 6 V-1s. KIFA 17 February 1955 |
Trousdale, Richard Mackle (Macklow?) | 8 | DFC* | KIFA 19 May 1947[92] |
U
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Umbers, Arthur Ernest "Spike" | 23 | DFC* | inc. 15.5 V-1s. KIA 14 February 1945[93] |
V
Name | Kills | Squadrons | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Verity, Victor Bosanquet Strachan | 9 | 229,615,No. 96 Squadron RAF,73,108,650 | DFC | Flew a Boulton Paul Defiant in 96 Night Fighter Sqn so 6 of his victories are also credited to his air gunner Sgt. F.W. Wake In 1945 released from the RAF as a Flight Leader. Died on 2 February 1979.[94][95] |
W
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Ward, Derek Harland | 6 | DFC* | ♣ KIA 17 June 1942[96] |
Watters, Joseph | 8 | ♣ | |
Wells, Edward Preston "Hawkeye" | 12 | DFC* | ♣[97] |
West, Jeffery George | 6 | DFM | [98] |
Westenra, Derrick Fitzgerald "Jerry" | 11 | DFC* | [99] |
White, Geoffrey Gordon | 5 | KIA 23 May 1943 | |
Whitley, Eric William | 11 | DSO, DFC | ♣[100] |
Williams, Gordon Albert | 5 | DFM | [101] |
Williams, John Edwin Ashley "Willy" | 5 | DFC | (a New Zealand-born Australian) POW 31 October 1942; later in Stalag Luft 3 and took part in the Great Escape,; KIA 29 March 1944.[102][103] (Also listed in Australian Aces) |
Williams, Stanford Seaton "Bill" | 11 | inc. 8 V-1s. KIA 22 December 1944 | |
Wipiti, Bert Samuel | 6 | KIA 3 October 1943 | |
Woodman, Brian Wallace | 5 | DFC | [104] |
Worthington, John Colin | 5 | DFC | Served with No 605 (County of Warwick) Squadron – died 2010 |
Y
Name | Kills | Awards | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Yule, Robert Duncan | 8 | DSO, DFC* | ♣ KIFA 11 September 1953[105] |
Notes
Abbreviations
- ♣ – flew in the Battle of Britain
- "KIA" in Notes means Killed in action (dates are included where possible).
- "KIFA" in Notes means Killed in Flying Accident.
- "MIA" in Notes means Missing in action.
- "WIA" in Notes means Wounded in action leading to death which, in some cases, may have occurred months later.
- "POW" in Notes means Prisoner of War.
Awards
Award | Title | Notes |
---|---|---|
AFC | Air Force Cross | Awarded for "an act or acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty whilst flying, though not in active operations against the enemy". |
CDeG | Croix de guerre | A military decoration of both France and Belgium, also commonly bestowed to foreign military forces allied to France and Belgium. |
DFC | Distinguished Flying Cross | Awarded to Royal Air Force commissioned officers and Warrant Officers for "an act or acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty whilst flying in active operations against the enemy". |
DFC* | Distinguished Flying Cross and Bar | A bar is added to the ribbon for holders of the DFC who received a second award. |
DFC(US) | Distinguished Flying Cross – United States | The Distinguished Flying Cross is a medal awarded to any officer or enlisted member of the United States armed forces who distinguishes himself or herself in support of operations by "heroism or extraordinary achievement while participating in an aerial flight". |
DFM | Distinguished Flying Medal | Awarded to military below commissioned rank, for "an act or acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty whilst flying in active operations against the enemy". |
DSO | Distinguished Service Order | Awarded for meritorious or distinguished service by officers of the armed forces during wartime, typically in actual combat. |
DSO* | Distinguished Service Order and Bar | A bar is added to the ribbon for holders of the DSO who received a second award. |
References
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 January 2009. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 8 May 2010.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- Aces High, Shores, page 661
- Aces High; Shores & Williams, page 152
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 January 2009. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 January 2009. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 September 2007. Retrieved 31 December 2007.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- Aces High,Shores and Williams
- Geissinger, Steve (15 October 1997). "Manmade Thunder". The Argus-Press. Retrieved 17 July 2011.
- The term "ace in a day" is used to designate a pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day, based on usual definition of an "ace"
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 January 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 January 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 September 2007. Retrieved 27 October 2007.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 January 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 January 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 'Those Other Eagles' Shores, 2004, page 13
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 26 May 2011. Retrieved 27 October 2007.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- Aces High, Shores, page 661
- Aces high, Shores, page 661
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 27 October 2007.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 January 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 January 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 17 June 2009. Retrieved 27 July 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 28 December 2009. Retrieved 6 November 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 25 May 2010. Retrieved 23 May 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 662
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2007.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 329
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 662
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 350
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- [Defence Force Personnel File, Commonwealth War Graves corrected records, 122 Squadron RAF Operations Record Book]
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 662
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 'Aces High',Shores,page 662
- 'Those Other Eagles', Shores 2004 , page 334
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 662
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 662
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 662
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 8 May 2010.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 December 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 25 May 2010. Retrieved 5 December 2010.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 662
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 662
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 January 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 October 2008. Retrieved 12 November 2007.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 662
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 663
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 663
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 January 2009. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- 'Aces High' , Shores, page 662
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 22 September 2007. Retrieved 12 November 2007.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 October 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 22 September 2007. Retrieved 12 November 2007.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- Battle of Britain Memorial , The Airmen's Stories – P/O V.B.S. Verity, visited March 20, 2018
- New Zealand Fighter Pilot Museum - V.B.S. Verity, visited March 20, 2018
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 October 2008. Retrieved 25 August 2008.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 October 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2008.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- David Edlington, "The great crime: Aussies among murder victims" Archived 20 November 2007 at the Wayback Machine (Air Force News, vol. 46, no. 5 April 8, 2004) Access date 6 February 2008.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 25 May 2010. Retrieved 23 May 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.