List of aquarium diseases

The following is a list of aquarium diseases. Aquarium fish are often susceptible to numerous diseases, due to the artificially limited and concentrated environment. New fish can sometimes introduce diseases to aquaria, and these can be difficult to diagnose and treat. Most fish diseases are also aggravated when the fish is stressed.

Common aquarium diseases include the following:

Freshwater

DiseaseCauseFish AffectedImageSymptomsTreatment
Piscine TuberculosisMycobacterium marinum bacteriaAllWeight loss evident on underparts, with corresponding loss of appetite, papules, discoloration and bulging eyes.Amputation
Fin RotBacterialAllErosion at edges of finsImprove water quality, remove fin-nippers and feed Vitamin C - enriched food. Use anti-fungal treatment to prevent secondary infections
Mouth Fungus or ColumnarisFlexibacter bacteriaAll, especially LivebearersCottony growth near jaws and loss of appetite.Improve water conditions. Use commercially available antibiotics
Swim Bladder DiseaseMay be bacterial, or caused by chilling or digestive issuesAll, especially Balloon MolliesInability to balance in the waterCheck water temperature. A medical bath may help.
VibrosisVibro bacteriaAllDiscoloration, reddish staining of fins, bulging eyes, lethargic behaviorMedicated food
PseudomoniasisPseudomonas bacteriaAllHemorrhages in mouth and ulceration on bodyMedicated food
Saprolegnia FungusFungalAllWhitish, fur-like growthsVitamin C enriched food, or a commercial remedy in a medical bath. Check to make sure that your fish doesn't prefer Brackish water
Egg FungusFungalEggs onlyFungal growths on eggsRemove affected eggs. Use Methylene blue to medicate the hatching tank.
LymphocystisViralAllCauliflower-like growths and white areas around the eyesVaccines may be available
IridovirusViralGouramis, angelfish, Ramirez Dwarf Cichlids and othersloss of appetite. Darkening in color. Enlarged abdomen. Occasionally LymphocystisNone
Singapore Angelfish DiseasesAngelfishInactivity, loss of appetite, high and rapid mortalityNone
Malawi BloatProbably viralLake Malawi Cichlids, especially vegetarian onesSimilar to DropsyOffer a high-fiber diet
White Spots (Ick)Ichthyophthirius multifiliis parasiteAllSmall white spots, which may ulcerateRaise water temperature slightly and treat water with commercially available remedies
Hole-in-the-headHexamita parasiteDiscus and CichlidsPale ulcerated area around headMetronidazole or similar medication. Use food containing Vitamin C
Neon Tetra DiseasePleistophora hyphessobryconis ParasiteNeon TetrasDiscolorationNone
Skin or Gill FlukesGyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus parasitesAllLabored breathing, scraping against objects, abnormal gill functionCommercially available medication
Anchor WormLernaea parasiteAllVisible parasites attached to body leading to ulceration and irritationremove parasites with forceps and use medicated bath to prevent secondary infection. Insecticide may help
DropsyVaries from temperature, to indigestion to infectionAllBloat, scales stick outVaries depending on the cause
Tetrahymena ParasiteFreshwater fish

Saltwater

  • Cryptocaryon (marine ich)
  • Marine Velvet or Coral Reef Fish Disease
  • Anemonefish Disease

Both

DiseaseCauseFish AffectedImageSymptomsTreatment
Marine velvetAmyloodinium parasiteAll, fresh and salt waterPowdered appearance, gasping and disorganized swimming
Velvet DiseaseOodinium and other parasitesAll salt and freshwater fishGolden dots, rubbing against rocks while swimming
Septicemia or Egtved virusViral hemorrhagic septicemia virusMany fresh and salt water fishhemorrhaging, internal and externalVirkon AQUATIC

Uncategorized

Quarantine

The goal of quarantine is to prevent problems in the main tank due to sickness. A quarantine tank should be used before to introduce any newly acquired animals in the main tank and to treat fish that are already sick. By doing this, the aquarist can avoid the spread of the disease and make it easier to treat the fish.[1]

See also

References

  1. "How To Quarantine Aquarium Fish And Invertebrates". Aquariums Life. 2009-03-24. Retrieved 2015-09-18.

Bibliography

  • Encyclopedia of Aquarium and Pond Fish (2005) (David Alderton), DK Publishing, ISBN 978-0756609412


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