List of countries by thorium resources

Thorium resources is an essential source for future low-carbon energy.[1] Thorium has been demonstrated to perform as a nuclear fuel in several reactor designs.[2][3] It is present with a higher abundance than uranium in the crust of the earth. Thorium resources have not been estimated and assessed with a higher level of confidence, as in the case of uranium. Approximately 6 million tones of thorium have been estimated globally based on currently limited exploration and mainly on historical data.[4][5]

Thorium resources are found widely in over 35 countries all over the world. As there is currently negligible commercial use of thorium, the resources should be considered potentially viable according to the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources. Figures are given in metric tonnes of thorium metal.

Country Total thorium resources,
tonnes Th (rounded)		 Remarks
 Angola 10,000 Historical data
 Argentina 35,975 Recent reassessment[6]
 Australia 595,000
 Brazil 632,000
 Canada 172,000
 China 100,000
 Congo, Democratic Republic of 2,500
 Egypt 380,000 Historical data
 Finland 60,000 Historical data
 France 1,000
 Greenland (Denmark) 93,000 Current active exploration
 India 980,000 Current active exploration[7]
 Iran 30,000 Historical data
 Kazakhstan 50,000
 Kenya 8,000 Historical data
 Korea, Republic of 6,000
 Madagascar 22,000 Historical data
 Malawi 9,000 Historical data
 Malaysia 18,000
 Morocco 30,000 Historical data
 Mozambique 10,000
 Nigeria 29,000
 Norway 87,000 Historical data
 Peru 20,000
 Russia 155,000
 South Africa 148,000
 Sri Lanka 4,000
 Sweden 50,000 Historical data
 Taiwan 10,000
 Thailand 10,000 Historical data
 Turkey 374,000 Historical data
 United States of America 595,000
 Uruguay 3,000 Historical data
 Uzbekistan 10,000
 Venezuela 300,000 Historical data
 Vietnam 10,000
Others (Africa) 1,000 Historical data
Others (CIS) (excluding Russia,
Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan)		 1,340,000
Total 6,390,475

See also

References
  1. "Role of Thorium to Supplement Fuel Cycles of Future Nuclear Energy Systems". www.iaea.org. 2016-09-16. Retrieved 2020-08-22.
  2. "Thorium Fuel Cycle - Potential Benefits and Challenges". www.iaea.org. 2019-02-28. Retrieved 2020-08-22.
  3. "Introduction of Thorium in the Nuclear Fuel Cycle | en | OECD". www.oecd.org. Retrieved 2020-08-22.
  4. "World Thorium Occurrences, Deposits and Resources". www.iaea.org. 2019-06-25. Retrieved 2020-08-20.
  5. "Thorium - World Nuclear Association". www.world-nuclear.org. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  6. UNECE (2019). Application of the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources: Case Studies (PDF). Geneva: UNECE. pp. 2–16. ISBN 978-92-1-117221-8.
  7. Lok Sabha, India (2019). "Thorium reserves" (PDF).
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