List of endangered and protected species of China

The endangered species of China may include any wildlife species designated for protection by the national government of China or listed as endangered by international organizations such as the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Endangered & protected species of China
as designated by the government of China, IUCN and CITES

The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is a Class I protected species of the national government of China, a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List[1] and a species threatened by extinction on Appendix I of the CITES

The red panda (Ailurus fulgens) is a Class II species in China, an endangered species on the IUCN Red List and listed in Appendix I of the CITES.

As one of the world's most biodiverse countries and its most populous, China is home to a significant number of wildlife species vulnerable to or in danger of local extinction due to the impact of human activity.[2][3] Under the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wildlife, the national and local governments are required to designate rare or threatened species for special protection under the law. The type of legal protection that a particular species in China enjoys may depend on the locality of administration. For example, the Beijing Municipal Government designates the red fox, wild boar, leopard cat and masked palm civet, which are found in the wilderness around the municipality, as local Class I protected species even though none are among the Class I or II protected species designated by the national government.[4]

China is a signatory country to the CITES and the national government's protected species list generally follows the designation of endangered species by CITES, but also includes certain species that are rare in the country but quite common in other parts of the world so as not to be considered globally threatened (such as moose and beaver) or are vulnerable to economic exploitation thus require legal protection (such as sable and otter). The Chinese endangered species classifications are updated relatively infrequently, and a number of species deemed to be endangered by international bodies have not yet been so recognized in China. Many listed species are endemic to the country, such as the groove-toothed flying squirrel and the Ili pika.

Designation

The species listed in this article are designated by one or more of the following authorities as endangered or threatened:

1. The List of Wildlife under Special State Protection as designated by the Chinese State Council pursuant to Article 9 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wildlife[5][6]
2. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), in Appendix I of its catalogue includes "species threatened with extinction".[7]
3. The Red List of Threatened Species compiled by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.[8]

Endangered and protected animal species

Mammals

Protected and endangered mammal species of China

indicates species endemic to China Order Family Scientific name Common name Chinese name Protection class in China IUCN Red List CITES App'x Primates Hylobatidae Hylobates lar Lar gibbon 白掌长臂猿 I I Primates Hylobatidae Nomascus concolor Black crested gibbon 黑冠长臂猿 I I Primates Hylobatidae Nomascus hainanus Hainan black crested gibbon 海南长臂猿 I I Primates Hylobatidae Nomascus leucogenys Northern white-cheeked gibbon 白颊长臂猿 I I Primates Hylobatidae Nomascus nasutus Eastern black crested gibbon 东部黑冠长臂猿 I Primates Hylobatidae Hoolock hoolock Western hoolock gibbon 西部白眉长臂猿 I I Primates Hylobatidae Hoolock leuconedys Eastern hoolock gibbon 东部白眉长臂猿 I I Primates Cercopithecidae Rhinopithecus bieti Black snub-nosed monkey 滇金丝猴 I I Primates Cercopithecidae Rhinopithecus roxellana Golden snub-nosed monkey 川金丝猴 I I Primates Cercopithecidae Rhinopithecus brelichi Gray snub-nosed monkey 黔金丝猴 I I Primates Cercopithecidae Rhinopithecus strykeri Myanmar snub-nosed monkey 缅甸金丝猴 I I Primates Cercopithecidae Macaca arctoides Stump-tailed macaque 短尾猴 II Primates Cercopithecidae Macaca mulatta Rhesus macaque 猕猴 II Primates Cercopithecidae Macaca thibetana Tibetan macaque 藏酋猴 II Primates Cercopithecidae Macaca assamensis Assam macaque 熊猴　 I Primates Cercopithecidae Macaca cyclopis Formosan rock macaque 台湾猴 I Primates Cercopithecidae Macaca nemestrina Southern pig-tailed macaque 豚尾猴 I Primates Cercopithecidae Trachypithecus francoisi François' langur 黑叶猴 I Primates Cercopithecidae Trachypithecus poliocephalus White-headed langur 白头叶猴 I Primates Cercopithecidae Trachypithecus phayrei Phayre's leaf monkey 菲氏叶猴 I Primates Cercopithecidae Trachypithecus shortridgei Shortridge's langur 窄缘戴帽叶猴 I I Primates Cercopithecidae Semnopithecus schistaceus Nepal gray langur 喜山长尾叶猴 I I Primates Lorisidae Nycticebus bengalensis Bengal slow loris 蜂猴 I I Primates Lorisidae Nycticebus pygmaeus Pygmy slow loris 蜂猴 I I Carnivora Ailuridae Ailurus fulgens Red panda 小熊猫 II I Carnivora Ursidae Ailuropoda melanoleuca Giant panda 大熊猫 I I Carnivora Ursidae Helarctos malayanus Sun bear 马来熊 I I Carnivora Ursidae Ursus arctos Brown bear 棕熊 II I Carnivora Ursidae Ursus arctos pruinosus Tibetan blue bear 马熊 II Carnivora Ursidae Ursus arctos isabellinus Himalayan brown bear 喜玛拉雅棕熊 I Carnivora Ursidae Selenarctos thibetanus Asian black bear 黑熊 II Carnivora Canidae Canis lupus Gray wolf 灰狼 I Carnivora Canidae Cuon alpinus Dhole 豺 II Carnivora Felidae Panthera tigris amoyensis South China tiger 华南虎 I I Carnivora Felidae Panthera tigris altaica Siberian tiger 东北虎 I I Carnivora Felidae Panthera tigris cobertti Indochinese tiger 印度支那虎 I I Carnivora Felidae Panthera tigris tigris Bengal tiger 孟加拉虎 I I Carnivora Felidae Panthera pardus japonensis North-Chinese leopard 华北豹 I I Carnivora Felidae Panthera pardus orientalis Amur leopard 远东豹 I I Carnivora Felidae Panthera pardus delacouri Indochinese leopard 印度支那豹 I I Carnivora Felidae Panthera uncia Snow leopard 雪豹 I Carnivora Felidae Neofelis nebulosa Clouded leopard 云豹 I I Carnivora Felidae Prionailurus bengalensis Leopard cat 豹猫 I Carnivora Felidae Felis silvestris Wildcat 草原斑猫 II Carnivora Felidae Felis bieti Chinese mountain cat 荒漠貓 II Carnivora Felidae Felis chaus Jungle cat 丛林猫 II Carnivora Felidae Lynx lynx Eurasian lynx 猞猁 II Carnivora Felidae Felis manul Pallas's cat 兔狲 II Carnivora Felidae Felis temmincki Asian golden cat 金猫 II Carnivora Felidae Prionailurus viverrinus Fishing cat 渔猫 II Carnivora Felidae Pardofelis marmorata Marbled cat 云猫 I Carnivora Viverridae Prionodon pardicolor Spotted linsang 斑林狸 II I Carnivora Viverridae Viverra zibetha Large Indian civet 大灵猫 II Carnivora Viverridae Viverricula indica Small Indian civet 小灵猫 II Carnivora Viverridae Arctictis binturong Binturong 熊狸 I Carnivora Mustelidae Lutra lutra European otter 水獭 II I Carnivora Mustelidae Aonyx cinerea Oriental small-clawed otter 小爪水獺 II Carnivora Mustelidae Lutrogale perspicillata Smooth-coated otter 江獭 II Carnivora Mustelidae Martes foina Beech marten 石貂 II Carnivora Mustelidae Martes zibellina Sable 紫貂 I Carnivora Mustelidae Martes flavigula Yellow-throated marten 黄喉貂 II Carnivora Mustelidae Gulo gulo Wolverine 貂熊 I Carnivora Phocidae Phoca largha Spotted seal 斑海豹 II Carnivora Phocidae Erignathus barbatus Bearded seal 髯海豹 II Carnivora Otariidae Eumetopias jubatus Steller sea lion 北海狮 II Sirenia Dugongidae Dugong dugon Dugong 儒艮 I I Proboscidea Elephantidae Elephas maximus indicus Indian elephant 印度象 I I Perissodactyla Rhinocerotidae Rhinoceros sondaicus Javan rhinoceros 爪哇犀 I Perissodactyla Rhinocerotidae Rhinoceros sumatrensis Sumatran rhinoceros 苏门答腊犀牛 I Perissodactyla Equidae Equus przewalskii Przewalski's horse 野马 I I Perissodactyla Equidae Equus hemionus hemionus Mongolian wild ass 蒙古野驴 I I Perissodactyla Equidae Equus kiang Kiang 西藏野驴 I I Artiodactyla Camelidae Camelus ferus Wild Bactrian camel 野骆驼 I Artiodactyla Bovidae Bos gaurus Gaur 野牛 I I Artiodactyla Bovidae Bos mutus Yak 野犛牛 I I Artiodactyla Bovidae Capra sibirica Siberian ibex 北山羊 I Artiodactyla Bovidae Ovis ammon Argali 盘羊 I Artiodactyla Bovidae Pseudois schaeferi Dwarf blue sheep 矮岩羊 II Artiodactyla Bovidae Hemitragus jemlahicus Himalayan tahr 塔尔羊 I Artiodactyla Bovidae Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi Golden takin 秦岭羚牛 I Artiodactyla Bovidae Budorcas taxicolor tibetana Sichuan takin 四川羚牛 I Artiodactyla Bovidae Budorcas taxicolor whitei Bhutan takin 不丹羚牛 I Artiodactyla Bovidae Budorcas taxicolor taxicolor Mishmi takin 扭角羚 I Artiodactyla Bovidae Pantholops hodgsonii Tibetan antelope 藏羚羊 I I Artiodactyla Bovidae Procapra picticaudata Goa 藏瞪羚 II Artiodactyla Bovidae Procapra przewalskii Przewalski's gazelle 普氏原羚 I Artiodactyla Bovidae Procapra gutturosa Mongolian gazelle 黄羊 II Artiodactyla Bovidae Gazella subgutturosa Goitered gazelle 鹅喉羚 II Artiodactyla Bovidae Saiga tatarica Saiga 高鼻羚羊 I Artiodactyla Bovidae Capricornis sumatraensis Sumatran serow 鬣羚 II II Artiodactyla Bovidae Capricornis milneedwardsii Mainland serow 华西鬣羚 I Artiodactyla Bovidae Capricornis crispus Japanese serow 台湾鬣羚 I Artiodactyla Bovidae Naemorhedus baileyi Red goral 赤斑羚 I I Artiodactyla Bovidae Naemorhedus goral Himalayan goral 斑羚 II Artiodactyla Bovidae Naemorhedus caudatus Long-tailed goral 中华斑羚 I Artiodactyla Bovidae Naemorhedus griseus Chinese goral 华南山羚 I Artiodactyla Cervidae Elaphurus davidianus Père David's deer 麋鹿 I Artiodactyla Cervidae Cervus albirostris Thorold's deer 白唇鹿 I Artiodactyla Cervidae Cervus nippon Shika 梅花鹿 I [Note 1] Artiodactyla Cervidae Axis porcinus annamiticus Indochinese hog deer 豚鹿 I I Artiodactyla Cervidae Rucervus eldii Eld's deer 坡鹿 I I Artiodactyla Cervidae Cervus elaphus Red deer 马鹿 II Artiodactyla Cervidae Cervus elaphus macneilli Sichuan deer 白臀鹿 II Artiodactyla Cervidae Cervus unicolor Samber 水鹿 II Artiodactyla Cervidae Alces alces Moose 驼鹿 II Artiodactyla Cervidae Muntiacus crinifrons Hairy-fronted muntjac 黑麂 I I Artiodactyla Cervidae Hydropotes inermis Water deer 河麂 II Artiodactyla Moschidae Moschus leucogaster White-bellied musk deer 鼷鹿 I Artiodactyla Moschidae Moschus chrysogaster Alpine musk deer 马麝 I I Artiodactyla Moschidae Moschus fuscus Black musk deer 黑麝 I I Artiodactyla Moschidae Moschus moschiferus Siberian musk deer 原麝 I I Artiodactyla Moschidae Moschus anhuiensis Anhui musk deer 安徽麝 I Artiodactyla Moschidae Moschus berezovskii Dwarf musk deer 林麝 I Artiodactyla Tragulidae Tragulus javanicus Java mouse-deer 鼷鹿 I Pholidota Manidae Manis pentadactyla Chinese pangolin 穿山甲 II Eulipotyphla Erinaceidae Neohylomys hainanensis Hainan gymnure 海南新毛猬 Lagomorpha Leporidae Lepus hainanus Hainan hare 海南兔 II Lagomorpha Leporidae Lepus timidus Mountain hare 雪兔 II Lagomorpha Leporidae Lepus yarkandensis Yarkand hare 塔尔木兔 II Rodentia Castoridae Castor fiber Eurasian beaver 河狸 II Rodentia Sciuridae Ratufa bicolor Black giant squirrel 巨松鼠 II Rodentia Sciuridae Aeretes melanopterus Groove-toothed flying squirrel 沟牙鼯鼠 Rodentia Sciuridae Marmota sibirica Tarbagan marmot 蒙古旱獭 Lagomorpha Ochotonidae Ochotona argentata Helan Shan pika 贺兰山鼠兔 Lagomorpha Ochotonidae Ochotona iliensis Ili pika 伊犁鼠兔 Lagomorpha Ochotonidae Ochotona koslowi Koslov's pika 柯氏鼠兔 Cetacea Iniidae Lipotes vexillifer Baiji 白鱀豚 I I Cetacea Delphinidae Sousa chinensis Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin 中华白海豚 I I Cetacea Phocoenidae Neophocaena phocaenoides phocaenoides Finless porpoise 印太江豚 II I Cetacea Phocoenidae Neophocaena asiaorientalis Yangtze River finless porpoise 长江江豚 II Cetacea Phocoenidae Neophocaena phocaenoides sunameri Sunameri 黄海江豚 II I Cetacea Physeteridae Physeter macrocephalus Sperm whale 抹香鲸 II I Cetacea Balaenidae Eubalaena japonica North Pacific right whale 北太平洋 露脊鲸 II I Cetacea Eschrichtiidae Eschrichtius robustus Western gray whale 灰鲸 II I Cetacea Balaenopteridae Megaptera novaeangliae Northern humpback whale 座头鲸 II Cetacea Balaenopteridae Balaenoptera acutorostrata acutorostrata Common minke whale 小鳁鲸 II Cetacea Balaenopteridae Balaenoptera omurai Omura's whale 角島鯨 II I Cetacea Balaenopteridae Balaenoptera edeni Eden's whale 鳀鲸 II I Cetacea Balaenopteridae Indo-Pacific Bryde's whale II I Cetacea Balaenopteridae Balaenoptera brydei Bryde's whale 布氏鯨 II I Cetacea Balaenopteridae Balaenoptera borealis borealis Northern sei whale 塞鯨 II I Cetacea Balaenopteridae Balaenoptera physalus physalus Northern fin whale 长须鲸 II I Cetacea Balaenopteridae Balaenoptera musculus musculus Northern blue whale 蓝鲸 II

Birds

Protected and endangered bird species of China

indicates species endemic to China Order Family Scientific name Common name Chinese name Protection class in China IUCN Red List CITES App'x Podicipediformes Podicipedidae Podiceps auritus Horned grebe 角鸊鷉 II Podicipediformes Podicipedidae Podiceps grisegena Red-necked grebe 赤颈鸊鷉 II Procellariiformes Diomedeidae Phoebastria albatrus Short-tailed albatross 短尾信天翁 I I Suliformes Sulidae Sula Booby (all species) 鲣鸟（所有种） II Suliformes Phalacrocoracidae Phalacrocorax pelagicus Pelagic cormorant 海鸬鷀 II Suliformes Phalacrocoracidae Microcarbo niger Little cormorant 黑颈鸬鷀 II Suliformes Fregatidae Fregata andrewsi Christmas frigatebird 白腹军舰鸟 I I Ciconiiformes Ardeidae Egretta eulophotes Chinese egret 黄嘴白鹭 II Ciconiiformes Ardeidae Egretta sacra Pacific reef heron 岩鹭 II Ciconiiformes Ardeidae Gorsachius magnificus White-eared night heron 海南鳽 II Ciconiiformes Ardeidae Gorsachius goisagi Japanese night heron 栗头鳽 Ciconiiformes Ardeidae Ixobrychus minutus Little bittern 小苇鳽 II Ciconiiformes Ciconiidae Mycteria leucocephala Painted stork 彩鹳 II I Ciconiiformes Ciconiidae Ciconia ciconia White stork 白鹳 I Ciconiiformes Ciconiidae Ciconia nigra Black stork 黑鹳 I Ciconiiformes Ciconiidae Ciconia boyciana Oriental stork 东方白鹳 I Pelecaniformes Pelecanidae Pelecanus crispus Dalmatian pelican 卷羽鹈鹕 II I Pelecaniformes Pelecanidae Pelecanus philippensis Spot-billed pelican 斑嘴鹈鹕 II I Pelecaniformes Threskiornithidae Threskiornis aethiopicus African sacred ibis 埃及圣鹮 II Pelecaniformes Threskiornithidae Pseudibis papillosa Red-naped ibis 黑鹮 II Pelecaniformes Threskiornithidae Nipponia nippon Crested ibis 朱鹮 I I Pelecaniformes Threskiornithidae Plegadis falcinellus Glossy ibis 彩鹮 II Pelecaniformes Threskiornithidae Platalea leucorodia Eurasian spoonbill 白琵鹭 II Pelecaniformes Threskiornithidae Platalea minor Black-faced spoonbill 黑脸琵鹭 II Pelecaniformes Threskiornithidae Pseudibis davisoni White-shouldered ibis 黑鹮 Anseriformes Anatidae Branta ruficollis Red-breasted goose 红胸黑雁 II Anseriformes Anatidae Anser albifrons Greater white-fronted goose 白额雁 II Anseriformes Anatidae Cygnus (genus) Swan (all species) 天鹅 II Anseriformes Anatidae Aix galericulata Mandarin duck 鸳鸯 II Anseriformes Anatidae Mergus squamatus Scaly-sided merganser 中华秋沙鸭 I Anseriformes Anatidae Aythya baeri Baer's pochard 青头潜鸭 Anseriformes Anatidae Oxyura leucocephala White-headed duck 白头硬尾鸭 Falconiformes Accipitridae Aquila chrysaetos Golden eagle 金雕 I Falconiformes Accipitridae Aquila heliaca Eastern imperial eagle 白肩雕 I I Falconiformes Accipitridae Haliaeetus leucoryphus Pallas's fish eagle 玉带海雕 I Falconiformes Accipitridae Haliaeetus albicilla White-tailed eagle 白尾海雕 I I Falconiformes Accipitridae Haliaeetus pelagicus Steller's sea eagle 虎头海雕 I Falconiformes Accipitridae Gyps bengalensis White-rumped vulture 白背兀鹫 I Falconiformes Accipitridae Gypaetus barbatus Bearded vulture 胡兀鹫 I Falconiformes Accipitridae Neophron percnopterus Egyptian vulture 白兀鷲 Falconiformes Accipitridae Sarcogyps calvus Red-headed vulture 黑兀鹫 II Falconiformes Falconidae Falco pelegrinoides Barbary falcon 拟游隼 II I Falconiformes Falconidae Falco peregrinus Peregrine falcon 游隼 II I Falconiformes Falconidae Falco rusticolus Gyrfalcon 矛隼 II I Falconiformes Falconidae Falco altaicus Saker falcon 猎隼 II Galliformes Tetraonidae Tetrao parvirostris Black-billed capercaillie 黑嘴松鸡 I Galliformes Tetraonidae Lyrurus tetrix Black grouse 黑琴鸡 II Galliformes Tetraonidae Lagopus lagopus Willow ptarmigan 柳雷鸟 II Galliformes Tetraonidae Lagopus mutus Rock ptarmigan 岩雷鸟 II Galliformes Tetraonidae Falcipennis falcipennis Siberian grouse 镰翅鸡 II Galliformes Tetraonidae Tetrastes bonasia Hazel grouse 花尾榛鸡 II Galliformes Tetraonidae Tetrastes sewerzowi Chinese grouse 斑尾榛鸡 I Galliformes Phasianidae Tetraogallus tibetanus Tibetan snowcock 藏雪鸡 II I Galliformes Phasianidae Tetraophasis obscurus Verreaux's monal-partridge 雉鹑 I Galliformes Phasianidae Arborophila rufipectus Sichuan partridge 四川山鹧鸪 I Galliformes Phasianidae Arborophila ardens Hainan partridge 海南山鹧鸪 I Galliformes Phasianidae Ithaginis cruentus Blood pheasant 血雉 II Galliformes Phasianidae Tragopan melanocephalus Western tragopan 黑头角雉 I I Galliformes Phasianidae Tragopan satyra Satyr tragopan 红胸角雉 I Galliformes Phasianidae Tragopan blythii Blyth's tragopan 灰腹角雉 I I Galliformes Phasianidae Tragopan temminckii Temminck's tragopan 红腹角雉 II Galliformes Phasianidae Tragopan caboti Cabot's tragopan 黄腹角雉 I I Galliformes Phasianidae Lophophorus impejanus Himalayan monal 棕尾虹雉 I I Galliformes Phasianidae Lophophorus lhuysii Chinese monal 绿尾虹雉 I I Galliformes Phasianidae Lophophorus sclateri Sclater's monal 白尾梢虹雉 I I Galliformes Phasianidae Crossoptilon crossoptilon White eared pheasant 藏马鸡 II I Galliformes Phasianidae Crossoptilon auritum Blue eared pheasant 蓝马鸡 II Galliformes Phasianidae Crossoptilon mantchuricum Brown eared pheasant 褐马鸡 I I Galliformes Phasianidae Lophura leucomelanos Kalij pheasant 黑鹇 II Galliformes Phasianidae Lophura nycthemera Silver pheasant 白鹇 II Galliformes Phasianidae Lophura swinhoii Swinhoe's pheasant 蓝鹇 I Galliformes Phasianidae Gallus gallus Red junglefowl 原鸡 II Galliformes Phasianidae Pucrasia macrolopha Koklass pheasant 勺鸡 II Galliformes Phasianidae Syrmaticus humiae Mrs. Hume's pheasant 黑颈长尾雉 I I Galliformes Phasianidae Syrmaticus reevesii Reeves's pheasant 白冠长尾雉 II Galliformes Phasianidae Syrmaticus ellioti Elliot's pheasant 白颈长尾雉 I I Galliformes Phasianidae Syrmaticus mikado Mikado pheasant 黑长尾雉 I Galliformes Phasianidae Chrysolophus pictus Golden pheasant 红腹锦鸡 II Galliformes Phasianidae Chrysolophus amherstiae Lady Amherst's pheasant 白腹锦鸡 II Galliformes Phasianidae Polyplectron bicalcaratum Grey peacock-pheasant 灰孔雀雉 I Galliformes Phasianidae Pavo muticus Green peafowl 绿孔雀 I Galliformes Phasianidae Polyplectron katsumatae Hainan peacock-pheasant 海南孔雀雉 Gruiformes Gruidae Grus grus Common crane 灰鹤 II I Gruiformes Gruidae Grus nigricollis Black-necked crane 黑颈鹤 I I Gruiformes Gruidae Grus monacha Hooded crane 白头鹤 I Gruiformes Gruidae Grus canadensis Sandhill crane 沙丘鹤 II I Gruiformes Gruidae Grus japonensis Red-crowned crane 丹顶鹤 I I Gruiformes Gruidae Grus vipio White-naped crane 白枕鹤 II I Gruiformes Gruidae Grus leucogeranus Siberian crane 白鹤 I Gruiformes Gruidae Grus antigone Sarus crane 赤颈鹤 I Gruiformes Gruidae Anthropoides virgo Demoiselle crane 蓑羽鹤 II Gruiformes Rallidae Crex crex Corn crake 长脚秧鸡 II Gruiformes Rallidae Porzana parva Little crake 姬田鸡 II Gruiformes Rallidae Porzana bicolor Black-tailed crake 棕背田鸡 II Gruiformes Rallidae Coturnicops exquisitus Swinhoe's rail 花田鸡 II Gruiformes Otididae Otis tarda Great bustard 大鸨 I Gruiformes Otididae Tetrax tetrax Little bustard 小鸨 I Gruiformes Otididae Chlamydotis macqueenii MacQueen's bustard 波斑鸨 I 07 I Charadriiformes Jacanidae Metopidius indicus Bronze-winged jacana 铜翅水雉 II Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Numenius borealis Eskimo curlew 爱斯基摩杓鹬 II Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Tringa guttifer Nordmann's greenshank 小青脚鹬 II I Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Eurynorhynchus pygmeus Spoon-billed sandpiper 勺嘴鹬 Charadriiformes Glareolidae Glareola lactea Small pratincole 灰燕鸻 II Charadriiformes Laridae Larus relictus Relict gull 遗鸥 I I Charadriiformes Laridae Larus minutus Little gull 小鸥 II Charadriiformes Sternidae Chlidonias niger Black tern 黑浮鸥 II Charadriiformes Sternidae Thalasseus bernsteini Chinese crested tern 黑嘴端凤头燕鸥 II Charadriiformes Sternidae Sterna aurantia River tern 黄嘴河燕鸥 II Pterocliformes Pteroclidae Pterocles orientalis Black-bellied sandgrouse 黑腹沙鸡 II Columbiformes Columbidae Treron (genus) Green pigeon (all species) 绿鸠（所有种） II Columbiformes Columbidae Ptilinopus leclancheri Black-chinned fruit dove 黑颏果鸠 II Columbiformes Columbidae Ducula (genus) Imperial pigeon (all species) 皇鸠（所有种） II Columbiformes Columbidae Columba palumbus Common wood pigeon 斑尾林鸽 II Columbiformes Columbidae Macropygia (genus) Cuckoo-doves 鹃鸠属（所有种） II Psittaciformes Psittacidae Psittacidae (family) Parrots (all species) 鹦鹉科（所有种） II Cuculiformes Cuculidae Centropus (genus) Coucal (all species) 鸦鹃（所有种） II Strigiformes Strigidae Bubo blakistoni Blakiston's fish owl 毛腿渔鸮 II Apodiformes Apodidae Hirundapus cochinchinensis Silver-backed needletail 灰喉针尾雨燕 II Apodiformes Hemiprocnidae Hemiprocne longipennis Grey-rumped treeswift 凤头树燕 II Trogoniformes Trogonidae Harpactes oreskios Orange-breasted trogon 橙胸咬鹃 II Coraciiformes Alcedinidae Alcedo meninting Blue-eared kingfisher 蓝耳翠鸟 II Coraciiformes Halcyonidae Pelargopsis capensis Stork-billed kingfisher 鹳嘴翡翠 II Coraciiformes Meropidae Merops leschenaulti Chestnut-headed bee-eater 黑胸蜂虎 II Coraciiformes Meropidae Merops orientalis Green bee-eater 绿喉蜂虎 II Coraciiformes Bucerotidae Aceros nipalensis Rufous-necked hornbill 棕颈犀鸟 II I Coraciiformes Bucerotidae Buceros bicornis Great hornbill 双角犀鸟 II I Coraciiformes Bucerotidae Anorrhinus austeni Austen's brown hornbill 白喉犀鸟 II Piciformes Picidae Dryocopus javensis White-bellied woodpecker 白腹黑啄木鸟 II I Passeriformes Eurylaimidae Eurylaimidae (family) Broadbills (all species) 阔嘴鸟（所有种） II Passeriformes Pittidae Pittidae (family) Pittas (all species) 八色鸫（所有种） II Passeriformes Emberizidae Emberiza jankowskii Jankowski's bunting 栗斑腹鹀 Passeriformes Timaliidae Garrulax courtoisi Blue-crowned laughingthrush 靛冠噪鹛

Reptiles

Protected and endangered reptile species of China

indicates species endemic to China Order Family Scientific name Common name Chinese name Protection class in China IUCN Red List CITES App'x Crocodilia Alligatoridae Alligator sinensis Chinese alligator 扬子鳄 I I Squamata Varanidae Varanus bengalensis Bengal monitor 孟加拉巨蜥 I Squamata Varanidae Varanus salvator Water monitor 巨蜥 I Squamata Shinisauridae Shinisaurus crocodilurus Chinese crocodile lizard 中国鳄蜥 I Squamata Gekkonidae Gekko gecko Tokay gecko 大壁虎 II Squamata Pythonidae Python molurus Indian python 蟒 I I Squamata Viperidae Vipera ursinii Meadow viper 草原蝰 I Squamata Viperidae Protobothrops mangshanensis Mang Mountain pit viper 莽山烙铁头蛇 Squamata Colubridae Hebius metusium Wa Shan keelback 瓦屋山腹链蛇 Squamata Colubridae Calamaria yunnanensis Yunnan reed snake 云南两头蛇 Squamata Colubridae Euprepiophis perlacea Sichuan rat snake 横斑丽蛇 Squamata Colubridae Elaphe schrenkii Manchurian black water snake 東北黑水蛇 ? ? Squamata Typhlopidae Typhlops lazelli Lazell's blind snake 香港盲蛇 Testudines Trionychidae Palea steindachneri Wattle-necked softshell turtle 山瑞鳖 II Testudines Trionychidae Pelochelys cantorii Cantor's giant softshell turtle 鼋 I Testudines Trionychidae Rafetus swinhoei Yangtze giant softshell turtle 斑鳖 Testudines Cheloniidae Caretta caretta Loggerhead sea turtle 蠵龟 II I Testudines Cheloniidae Chelonia mydas Green sea turtle 绿海龟 II I Testudines Cheloniidae Eretmochelys imbricata Hawksbill sea turtle 玳瑁 II I Testudines Cheloniidae Lepidochelys olivacea Olive ridley sea turtle 太平洋丽龟 II I Testudines Dermochelyidae Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback sea turtle 棱皮龟 II I Testudines Testudinidae Testudo horsfieldi Russian tortoise 四爪陆龟 I Testudines Testudinidae Manouria impressa Impressed tortoise 凹甲陆龟 II Testudines Platysternidae Platysternon megacephalum Big-headed turtle 大头龟 Testudines Geoemydidae Cuora aurocapitata Yellow-headed box turtle 金头闭壳龟 Testudines Geoemydidae Cuora flavomarginata Chinese box turtle 食蛇龟 Testudines Geoemydidae Geoemyda spengleri Black-breasted leaf turtle 地龟 II Testudines Geoemydidae Cuora trifasciata Golden coin turtle 三线闭壳龟 II Testudines Geoemydidae Cuora yunnanensis Yunnan box turtle 云南闭壳龟 II Testudines Geoemydidae Cuora galbinifrons Indochinese box turtle 黄额闭壳龟 Testudines Geoemydidae Cuora mccordi McCord's box turtle 百色闭壳龟 Testudines Geoemydidae Cuora mouhotii Keeled box turtle 锯缘摄龟 Testudines Geoemydidae Cuora pani Pan's box turtle 潘氏闭壳龟 Testudines Geoemydidae Cuora zhoui Zhou's box turtle 周氏闭壳龟 Testudines Geoemydidae Mauremys mutica Yellow pond turtle 黄喉拟水龟 Testudines Geoemydidae Mauremys nigricans Red-necked pond turtle 黑颈乌龟 Testudines Geoemydidae Mauremys reevesii Chinese pond turtle 草龟 Testudines Geoemydidae Ocadia sinensis Chinese stripe-necked turtle 花龟 Testudines Geoemydidae Sacalia bealei Beale's eyed turtle 眼斑水龟 Testudines Geoemydidae Sacalia quadriocellata Four-eyed turtle 四眼斑水龟

Amphibians

Protected and endangered amphibian species of China

indicates species endemic to China Order Family Scientific name Common name Chinese name Protection class in China IUCN Red List CITES App'x Caudata Cryptobranchidae Andrias davidianus Chinese giant salamander 大鯢 II I Caudata Hynobiidae Hynobius chinensis Chinese salamander 中国小鲵 Caudata Hynobiidae Batrachuperus londongensis Longdong stream salamander 龙洞山溪鲵 Caudata Hynobiidae Hynobius amjiensis Amji's salamander 安吉小鲵 Caudata Hynobiidae Hynobius formosanus Taiwan salamander 台湾山椒鱼 Caudata Hynobiidae Hynobius sonani Sonan's salamander 楚南小鲵 Caudata Salamandridae Paramesotriton guanxiensis Guangxi warty newt 广西瘰螈 Caudata Salamandridae Ranodon sibiricus Central Asian salamander 新疆北鲵 Caudata Salamandridae Tylototriton asperrimus Black knobby newt 细痣疣螈 II Caudata Salamandridae Echinotriton chinhaiensis Chinhai spiny newt 镇海疣螈 II Caudata Salamandridae Tylototriton kweichowensis Red-tailed knobby newt 贵州疣螈 II Caudata Salamandridae Tylototriton taliangensis Taliang knobby newt 大涼疣螈 II Caudata Salamandridae Tylototriton verrucosus Himalayan newt 细瘰疣螈 II Caudata Salamandridae Tylototriton hainanensis Hainan knobby newt 海南疣螈 Caudata Salamandridae Cynops orphicus Dayang newt 汕头蝾螈 Caudata Salamandridae Echinotriton andersoni Anderson's crocodile newt 琉球棘螈 Caudata Salamandridae Cynops wolterstorffi Yunnan lake newt 滇池蝾螈 Anura Ranidae Hoplobatrachus tigerinus Indus Valley bullfrog 虎紋蛙 II Anura Ranidae Amolops hainanensis Hainan torrent frog 海南湍蛙 Anura Ranidae Amolops hongkongensis Hong Kong cascade frog 香港瀑蛙 Anura Ranidae Glandirana minima Fujian frog 小山蛙 Anura Ranidae Nanorana maculosa Piebald spiny frog 花棘蛙 Anura Ranidae Rana chevronta Chevron-spotted brown frog 峰斑林蛙 Anura Ranidae Nanorana unculuanus Yunnan Asian frog 棘肛蛙 Anura Ranidae Rana sauteri Sauter's brown frog 梭德氏蛙　 Anura Ranidae Nanorana yunnanensis Yunnan spiny frog 双团棘胸蛙 Anura Ranidae Quasipaa boulengeri Boulenger's spiny frog 西藏齿突蟾 Anura Ranidae Quasipaa robertingeri Hejiang spiny frog 合江棘蛙 Anura Ranidae Odorrana kuangwuensis Kwangwu odorous frog 光雾臭蛙 Anura Ranidae Pelophylax tenggerensis none 腾格里蛙 Anura Bufonidae Parapelophryne scalpta Hainan flathead toad 鳞皮厚蹼蟾 Anura Microhylidae Micryletta steinegeri Stejneger's narrow-mouthed toad 台湾娟娃 Anura Rhacophoridae Liuixalus ocellatus Ocellated bubble-nest frog 眼斑小树蛙 Anura Rhacophoridae Liuixalus romeri Romer's tree frog 卢文氏树蛙 Anura Rhacophoridae Rhacophorus arvalis Farmland green tree frog 诸罗树蛙 Anura Rhacophoridae Rhacophorus aurantiventris Orange-belly tree frog 橙腹树蛙 Anura Rhacophoridae Rhacophorus minimus none Anura Rhacophoridae Rhacophorus yaoshanensis none 瑶山树蛙 Anura Megophryidae Leptobrachium boringii Emei moustache toad 峨眉髭蟾 Anura Megophryidae Leptobrachium leishanense Leishan spiny toad 雷山髭蟾 Anura Megophryidae Leptolalax alpinus none 高山掌突蟾 Anura Megophryidae Oreolalax chuanbeiensis Chuanbei toothed toad 川北齿蟾 Anura Megophryidae Oreolalax liangbeiensis Liangbei toothed toad 凉北齿蟾 Anura Megophryidae Oreolalax omeimontis Omei toothed toad 峨眉齿蟾 Anura Megophryidae Oreolalax pingii Ping's toothed toad 秉志齿蟾 Anura Megophryidae Oreolalax puxiongensis Puxiong toothed toad 普雄齿蟾 Anura Megophryidae Scutiger chintingensis Chinting alpine toad 金顶齿突蟾 Anura Megophryidae Scutiger maculatus Piebald alpine toad 花齿突蟾 Anura Megophryidae Scutiger muliensis Muli cat-eyed toad 木里猫眼蟾 Anura Megophryidae Scutiger ningshanensis Ningshan alpine toad 宁陕齿突蟾 Anura Megophryidae Scutiger pingwuensis Pingwu alpine toad 平武齿突蟾 Anura Megophryidae Xenophrys brachykolos Short-legged horned toad 短腳角蟾

Ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii)

Protected and endangered ray-finned fish species of China

indicates species endemic to China Order Family Scientific name Common name Chinese name Protection class in China IUCN Red List CITES App'x Perciformes Sciaenidae Bahaba taipingensis Chinese bahaba 黄唇鱼 II Scorpaeniformes Cottidae Trachidermus fasciatus Roughskin sculpin 四鳃鲈 II Syngnathiformes Syngnathidae Hippocampus kelloggi Great seahorse 线纹海马 II Cypriniformes Catostomidae Myxocyprinus asiaticus Chinese high fin banded shark 胭脂鱼 II Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Tanichthys albonubes White Cloud Mountain minnow 唐鱼 II Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Cyprinus pellegrini Barbless carp 大头鲤 II Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Sinocyclocheilus grahami Golden-line barbel 滇池金线鲃 II Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Aspiorhynchus laticeps Big-head schizothoracin 扁吻鱼 I Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Zacco taliensis Dali schizothoracin 大理裂腹鱼 II Anguilliformes Anguillidae Anguilla marmorata Marbled eel 花鳗鲡 II Salmoniformes Salmonidae Hucho bleekeri Sichuan taimen 四川哲罗鲑 II Salmoniformes Salmonidae Brachymystax lenok Lenok 秦岭细鳞鲑 II Acipenseriformes Acipenseridae Acipenser sinensis Chinese sturgeon 中华鲟 I II Acipenseriformes Acipenseridae Acipenser dabryanus Dabry's sturgeon 达氏鲟 I II Acipenseriformes Polyodontidae Psephurus gladius Chinese paddlefish 白鲟 I II Siluriformes Pangasiidae Pangasianodon gigas Mekong giant catfish 巨无齿𩷶 I

Cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes)

Protected and endangered cartilaginous fish species of China
Order Family Scientific name Common name Chinese name Protection class in China IUCN Red List CITES App'x Pristiformes Pristidae Anoxypristis cuspidata Knifetooth sawfish 尖齿锯鳐 I Pristiformes Pristidae Pristis zijsron Longcomb sawfish 后鳍锯鳐 I

Lancelet

Protected and endangered lancelet species of China
Order Family Scientific name Common name Chinese name Protection class in China IUCN Red List CITES App'x Amphioxiformes Branchiostomatidae Branchiostoma belcheri Chinese amphioxus 文昌鱼 II

Endangered and protected plant species

Flora

Endangered and protected plant species, of the native and endemic Flora of China.

• Abies beshanzuensis — Baishanzu fir, Baishan fir.
• Abies fabri — Faber's fir
• Abies fanjingshanensis
• Abies recurvata
• Abies yuanbaoshanensis
• Abies ziyuanensis
• Cupressus chengiana
• Cupressus duclouxiana — Chinese cypress
• Cupressus gigantea
• Disanthus cercidifolius var. longipes
• Fissistigma cupreonitens
• Fissistigma tungfangense
• Magnolia delavayi — Chinese evergreen magnolia
• Picea brachytyla
• Picea neoveitchii
• Pinus dabeshanensis
• Pseudolarix amabilis — golden larch

See also

• Endemic flora of China
• Wildlife in China
• Animal welfare and rights in China
• Protected areas of China

Notes

1. While the sika deer (Cervus nippon) is considered by the IUCN to be of least concern globally, at least three subspecies, the Shanxi sika deer (Cervus nippon grassianus), North China sika deer (Cervus nippon mandarinus) and Formosan sika deer (Cervus nippon taioanus) are extinct in the wild in China, but are raised on farms in captivity.

References

1. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-09-08. Retrieved 2016-09-05.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
2. Chapman, A.D (September 2005). "Numbers of Living Species in Australia and the World: A Report for the Department of the Environment and Heritage". Australian Biological Resources Study. Australian Biodiversity Information Services. Archived from the original on 2007-11-01. Retrieved 2007-11-26.
3. Countries with the Highest Biological Diversity Archived 2013-03-26 at the Wayback Machine. Mongabay.com. 2004 data. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
4. (in Chinese) 北京一级保护野生动物 Beijing Wildlife Conservation Association Archived 2013-04-16 at the Wayback Machine Accessed 2013-04-04
5. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wildlife, adopted November 8, 1988
6. (Chinese) 国家重点保护野生动物名录 Archived 2013-05-13 at the Wayback Machine
7. CITES species database Accessed 2013-04-23
8. IUCN Red List Accessed 2013-04-20